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Digitale Medien

UV spectroscopy of metal volatilization during thermal plasma processing of waste glass melts (1996)

Wood, Jeffrey W. ; Cortez, Rebecca ; Cahill, David G. ; [weitere]

Springer

Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 16 (1996), S. 449-460

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ISSN: 1572-8986

Schlagwort(e): Spectroscopy ; volatilization ; iron ; nickel ; chromium ; waste vitrification

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Technik allgemein

Notizen: Abstract Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is used to monitor volatilization during waste vitrification with thermal plasmas. Model baste specimens consist of am alumino-silicate clay spiked with 10 wt. % Fe, Ni, or Cr. Specimens are vitrified in processing atmospheres with 0, 8.5, and 17 vol. % oxygen/argon concentrations. Particulate generated from condensation of the volatilized materials is collected following each specimen run and analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis to determine composition. Spectra are collected from the ultraviolet range 240–380 nm in where the presence of metal vapor is readily detected. Correlation between line emission intensities and volatilization rates allows the establishment of provisional detection limits for the volatilization of Ni, Cr, Si, and Fe, of 1 × 103 g/s, 4 × 104 g/s, 2 × 104 g/s, and 5 × 105 g/s, respectively. The results of this investigation support the concept of using AES as an in-situ process monitor for feedback to optimize plasma processing of hazardous metal-containing waste.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447155

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Digitale Medien

Effects of pollen selection on progeny vigor in a Cucurbita pepo × C. texana hybrid (1996)

Quesada, M. ; Winsor, J. A. ; Stephenson, A. G.

Springer

Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 885-890

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ISSN: 1432-2242

Schlagwort(e): Key words Microgametophyte selection ; Pollen selection ; Pollen competition ; Cucurbita texana ; Cucurbita pepo

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract We examined the effects of pollen selection for rapid pollen-tube growth on progeny vigor. First, we crossed a wild gourd (Cucurbita texana) to a cultivated zucchini (Cucurbita pepo cv `Black Beauty') to produce an F1 and then an F2 generation. Half of the F1 seeds were produced by depositing small loads of C. texana pollen onto the stigmas of C. pepo. These small pollen loads were insufficient to produce a full complement of seeds and, consequently, both the fast- and the slow-growing pollen tubes were permitted to achieve fertilization. An F2 generation was then produced by depositing small loads of F1 pollen onto stigmas of F1 plants. The F2 seeds resulting from two generations of small pollen loads are termed 'the non-selected line' because there was little or no selection for pollen-tube growth rate on these plants. The other half of the F1 and F2 seeds were produced by depositing large pollen loads (〉10000 pollen grains) onto stigmas and then allowing only the first 1% or so of the pollen tubes that entered the ovary to fertilize the ovules. We did this by excising the styles at the ovary at 12–15 h after pollination. The resulting F2 seeds are termed `the selected line' because they were produced by two generations of selection for only the fastest growing pollen tubes. Small pollen loads from the F2 plants, both the selected and the non-selected lines, were then deposited onto stigmas of different C. pepo flowers, and the vigor of the resulting seeds was compared under greenhouse and field conditions. The results showed that the seeds fertilized by pollen from the selected line had greater vegetative vigor as seedlings and greater flower and fruit production as mature plants than the seeds fertilized by pollen from the non-selected line. This study demonstrates that selection for fast pollen-tube growth (selection on the microgametophyte) leads to a correlated increase in sporophyte (progeny) vigor.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050207

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