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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (11)
  • Solar Physics  (4)
  • Capillary electrochromatography
  • 1995-1999  (15)
  • 1995  (15)
  • 1
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    Dynamic properties of helium ions in the solar wind (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We characterize the dynamic properties of He ions of the solar wind. Because of the non-negligible abundance and the significant fraction of momentum flux inherent in helium ions, this species has an influence on the state of turbulence. Especially, we analyze the helium dynamic properties of different solar wind types. After a discussion of the influence of measurement errors on the statistical analysis of He bulk velocities, we investigate the structure function dependency on the solar wind state. We find a self-similar sealing in the range of minutes to days with characteristic structure function slopes deviating from the canonical Kolmogorov values. For comparison with previous studies, we also analyze H structure functions of the same time periods and discuss differences of coinciding He and H structure functions in the framework of the concept of intermittency.
    Keywords: Solar Physics
    Type: International Solar Wind 8 Conference; 73; NASA-CR-199940
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Test particle study of minor ions in solar wind turbulence (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: We perform a parameter study of the temporal evolution of a test particle distribution function in MHD turbulence. The turbulent fields are calculated using a pseudo-spectral method and periodic boundary conditions on a regular grid of 180(exp 3) points, appropriate for incompressible, homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. Initially, the kinetic and the magnetic energy are equal on the average. Both, deterministic and random initial conditions are used, in the former case with zeros of the magnetic field located at grid points, in the latter case located by interpolation between grid points. The evolution of the minor ion distribution function is studied in detail as these turbulent fields evolve, developing strong current and vorticity sheets. Using the full collisionless equation of motion for the test particles, the efficiency of nonlinear interactions can be studied. The results are compared to theoretical predictions and are then discussed in connection with the observations of the dynamical properties of solar wind minor ions derived from in situ observations.
    Keywords: Solar Physics
    Type: ; 82
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Some features of the small-scale solar wind fluctuations (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: We have investigated small-scale variations of the solar wind ion flux measured with Faraday cups onboard the Prognoz-8 satellite. These measurements have a high time resolution of 1.24 seconds for intervals with a duration of several hours and as high as 0.02 seconds for some periods of about 1 hour duration. The main goal of this work is the determination of the quantitative features of fast ion flux fluctuations using mainly spectral analysis but also other methods. We also identify their association with interplanetary plasma parameters. Particularly, it is shown that the slope of the power spectra in the frequency range from 1E-4 to 6E-2 Hz is close to the classical Kolmogorov (-5/3) law. We also discuss some intervals with a very high level of the relative amplitude of flux fluctuations (10-20 percent) which were observed near the Earth's bow shock in the foreshock region. The use of the wavelet method for the long time series allows us to study the temporal evolution of power spectra.
    Keywords: Solar Physics
    Type: ; 82
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Elemental composition in the slow solar wind measured with the MASS instrument on WIND (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The MASS instrument on WIND contains the first isochronous time-offlight spectrometer to be flown in the solar wind. The first spectra obtained with this instrument has demonstrated its capability to measure the abundances of several high-and low-FIP elements in the solar wind. The derivation of these abundances requires a careful calibration of the charge exchange efficiencies of the relevant ions in carbon foils. These efficiencies and the corresponding instrument functions have been determined in extensive calibration campaigns at different institutions. We present first and preliminary results obtained in slow solar wind streams and we compare these results with those obtained from previous investigations of solar wind abundances and of coronal abundances as derived from Solar Energetic Particles. Recent models of the FIP related fractionation effect predict a depletion of a factor of typically 4 to 5 for high-FIP elements (He, N, O, Ne, Ar, etc.) relative to low-FIP elements (Mg, Fe, Si, etc.). We also compare our results with the detailed predictions of the different models and we discuss the resulting evidence to validate or to invalidate different physical scenarios explaining the feeding and the acceleration of slow stream solar wind.
    Keywords: Solar Physics
    Type: ; 35
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical treatment of membranes of a polymer blend: Mechanism of the reaction of hypochlorite with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 49-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymer membranes ; poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) ; hypochlorite ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sodium hypochlorite solutions are used to treat membranes prepared from a polymeric blend containing poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) to increase their water permeability. Sodium hypochlorite affects the membrane material in such a way that PVP is selectively removed from the membrane matrix. The mechanism of the reaction between hypochlorite and PVP is investigated by several chemical analysis techniques of the reaction products. Strong indications are found that the reaction involves chain scission of PVP according to a radical mechanism. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330105
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Stress Tensors in thin textured copper films by grazing incidence diffraction (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 26 (1995), S. 553-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Bestimmung der Spannungstensoren in dünnen, texturierten Kupferschichten mittels Röntgenbeugung bei streifendem EinfallIonenplattierte Kupferschichten wurden mittels Röntgenbeugung hinsichtlich Texturen und Eigenspannungen untersucht. Die vollständigen Orientierungsverteilungsfunktionen wurden bestimmt und scharfe (111)-Fasertexturen gefunden. Die Messung der Dehnungen erfolgte unter streifendem Strahleinfall. Zur Berechnung der Spannungstensoren wurden sowohl texturgewichtete elastische Moduln als auch texturunabhängige elastische Moduln verwendet. Die Bedeutung der Texturmessung für die Spannungstensorbestimmung wird diskutiert. Die gefundenen Spannungen können als thermisch verursacht verstanden werden.
    Notes: Ion-platted thin copper films were examined for residual stresses and texture by X-ray diffraction. The complete orientation distribution functions were determined and sharp (111)-fibre textures were found. The strains were measured by grazing incidence diffraction. The stress tensors were calculated using both texture-weighted elastic compliances and texture-independent X-ray elastic constants. The importance of the texture measurement for the stress tensor determination is discussed. The found stresses can be interpreted as thermally induced.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19950261012
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gitterkonstantenbestimmung in kubischen dünnen Schichten unter thermischer Dehnung (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 26 (1995), S. 386-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Lattice Constant Determination in Cubic Thin Films under Thermal StrainAn X-ray diffraction procedure is presented to determine the lattice constant of a cubic thin film which is thermally strained. The procedure also gives the thermal strain. As application examples, the lattice constants of thin aluminium and copper films deposited by ion-platting are evaluated from grazing incidence diffraction data.
    Notes: Ein Verfahren zur röntgenographischen Bestimmung der Gitterkonstanten einer kubischen dünnen Schicht, die herstellungsbedingt unter thermischer Dehnung steht, wird angegeben. Das Verfahren liefert zudem die wirksame-thermische Dehnung. Als Anwendungsbeispiele werden die Gitterkonstanten von ionenplattierten Aluminium- und Kupferschichten aus röntgenographischen Messungen mittels eines Seemann-Bohlin Diffraktometers mit streifendem Strahleinfall ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19950260712
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Korrosionsinspektion im FlugzeugbauVortrag gehalten auf dem Querschnittsseminar “Korrosionsüberwachung mit ZfP” der DGZfP, Berlin, 28.-29. November 1994 (1995)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 46 (1995), S. 405-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion inspection in aircraft constructionThe inspections required on an aircraft during its operational phase are determined largely by the materials and constructions used. Practical experience has shown that corrosion can generally not be prevented on metallic aircraft structures, even if the surface protection systems have been chosen with great care. Constructions and materials used on aircraft and the result types of corrosion are described and the inspection concept is explained on the basis of this. Finally, typical inspection tasks are presented and the measurement results obtained with different NDT methods are presented and discussed.
    Notes: Die erforderlichen Inspektionen an einem Flugzeug in der Nutzungsphase werden wesentlich durch die verwendeten Werkstoffe und Bauweisen bestimmt. Die praktischen Erfahrungen zeigen, daß an metallischen Leichtbaustrukturen Korrosion generell nicht zu verhindern ist, auch bei sorgfältigster Auswahl der Oberflächenschutzsysteme, Luftfahrtspezifische Bauweisen und Werkstoffe und daraus resultierende Korrosionsarten werden vorgestellt. Darauf aufbauend wird das Inspektionskonzept erläutert. Anschließend werden typische Inspektionsaufgaben gezeigt und die Meßergebnisse mit verschiedenen zerstörungsfreien Prüfverfahren dargestellt und diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19950460704
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Versuchsmethoden im Qualitätsengineering. Von H. Quentin, VIII, 174 S. mit 77 Abb., Vieweg Verlag, Braunschweig/Wiesbaden 1994, DM 72,00, ISBN 3-528-06543-5 (1995)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 46 (1995), S. 607-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19950461013
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dilation kinetics of glassy, aromatic polyimides induced by carbon dioxide sorption (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 1371-1384 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: sorption ; dilation ; carbon dioxide ; polyimides ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Over the past years, the equilibrium sorption of gases in polymers has been intensively studied. Mostly, glassy polymers were investigated because of their excellent selective mass transport properties. This work does not focus on the equilibrium sorption but on the kinetics to reach the equilibrium. We developed a new experimental method measuring the sorption-induced dilation kinetics of a polymer film. Carbon dioxide and glassy, aromatic polyimides were chosen as model systems. Low-pressure experiments demonstrate that the measured dilation kinetics represent the sorption kinetics. A significant delay between the sorption and dilation kinetics is based on the fact that dilation kinetics occurs simultaneously with the concentration increase in the center of the polymer film. High-pressure experiments reveal significant differences in dilation kinetics compared to low-pressure experiments. Generally, three regimes can be distinguished in the dilation kinetics: a first, fast volume increase followed by two much slower regimes of volume increase. The magnitude of fast and slow dilation kinetics strongly depends on the swelling history of the polymer sample. The results of the experiments are analyzed in the light of a model relating the fast dilation kinetics to a reversible “Fickian” dilation and the slower dilation kinetics to an irreversible, relaxational dilation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090330907
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