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  • 1
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    Antigen-specific development of primary and memory T cells in vivo (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-04-07
    Description: The expansion and contraction of specific helper T cells in the draining lymph nodes of normal mice after injection with antigen was followed. T cell receptors from purified primary and memory responder cells had highly restricted junctional regions, indicating antigen-driven selection. Selection for homogeneity in the length of the third complementarity-determining region (CDR3) occurs before selection for some of the characteristic amino acids, indicating the importance of this parameter in T cell receptor recognition. Ultimately, particular T cell receptor sequences come to predominate in the secondary response and others disappear, showing the selective preservation or expansion of specific T cell clones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McHeyzer-Williams, M G -- Davis, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 7;268(5207):106-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7535476" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens/*immunology ; Antigens, CD44 ; Base Sequence ; Carrier Proteins/biosynthesis ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/biosynthesis ; Immunologic Memory/*immunology ; L-Selectin ; Lymphocyte Activation/immunology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/biosynthesis/chemistry ; Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing/biosynthesis ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Independent human MAP-kinase signal transduction pathways defined by MEK and MKK isoforms (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-02-03
    Description: Mammalian mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases include extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 subgroups. These MAP kinase isoforms are activated by dual phosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine. Two human MAP kinase kinases (MKK3 and MKK4) were cloned that phosphorylate and activate p38 MAP kinase. These MKK isoforms did not activate the ERK subgroup of MAP kinases, but MKK4 did activate JNK. These data demonstrate that the activators of p38 (MKK3 and MKK4), JNK (MKK4), and ERK (MEK1 and MEK2) define independent MAP kinase signal transduction pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Derijard, B -- Raingeaud, J -- Barrett, T -- Wu, I H -- Han, J -- Ulevitch, R J -- Davis, R J -- AI15136/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA58396/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM37696/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 3;267(5198):682-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01605.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7839144" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; MAP Kinase Kinase 3 ; *MAP Kinase Kinase 4 ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Substrate Specificity ; Transfection ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-10-20
    Description: A high-capacity system was developed to monitor the expression of many genes in parallel. Microarrays prepared by high-speed robotic printing of complementary DNAs on glass were used for quantitative expression measurements of the corresponding genes. Because of the small format and high density of the arrays, hybridization volumes of 2 microliters could be used that enabled detection of rare transcripts in probe mixtures derived from 2 micrograms of total cellular messenger RNA. Differential expression measurements of 45 Arabidopsis genes were made by means of simultaneous, two-color fluorescence hybridization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schena, M -- Shalon, D -- Davis, R W -- Brown, P O -- R21HG00450/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R37AG00198/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 20;270(5235):467-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Beckman Center, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*genetics ; *Arabidopsis Proteins ; DNA, Complementary/*genetics ; DNA, Plant/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; *Gene Expression ; *Genes, Plant ; *Genetic Techniques ; Genome, Human ; Homeodomain Proteins ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plant Leaves/genetics ; Plant Roots/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA Probes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Plant/genetics ; Transcription Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Molecular cloning and characterization of an inner ear-specific structural protein (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-02-17
    Description: Molecular biological studies of the mammalian inner ear have been limited by the relatively small size of the sensory endorgans contained within. The saccular otolithic organ in teleostian fish is structurally similar to its mammalian counterpart but can contain an order of magnitude more sensory cells. The prospect of the evolutionary conservation of proteins utilized in the vertebrate inner ear and the relative abundance of teleostian saccular sensory tissue made this an attractive system for molecular biological studies. A complementary DNA obtained by differential screening of a saccular complementary DNA library was identified that encodes an inner ear-specific collagen molecule.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, J G -- Oberholtzer, J C -- Burns, F R -- Greene, M I -- 5 T32 NS07064-13/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- K08-DC00069/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 17;267(5200):1031-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7863331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Collagen/*chemistry/*genetics ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; *Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; *Fish Proteins ; Fishes/*genetics ; Gene Expression ; In Situ Hybridization ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Otolithic Membrane/chemistry ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics ; Saccule and Utricle/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Transcription factor ATF2 regulation by the JNK signal transduction pathway (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-01-20
    Description: Treatment of cells with pro-inflammatory cytokines or ultraviolet radiation causes activation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase (JNK). Activating transcription factor-2 (ATF2) was found to be a target of the JNK signal transduction pathway. ATF2 was phosphorylated by JNK on two closely spaced threonine residues within the NH2-terminal activation domain. The replacement of these phosphorylation sites with alanine inhibited the transcriptional activity of ATF2. These mutations also inhibited ATF2-stimulated gene expression mediated by the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor and the adenovirus early region 1A (E1A) oncoprotein. Furthermore, expression of dominant-negative JNK inhibited ATF2 transcriptional activity. Together, these data demonstrate a role for the JNK signal transduction pathway in transcriptional responses mediated by ATF2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gupta, S -- Campbell, D -- Derijard, B -- Davis, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jan 20;267(5196):389-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01605.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7824938" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Activating Transcription Factor 2 ; Adenovirus E1A Proteins/physiology ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; CHO Cells ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA/metabolism ; Interleukin-1/pharmacology ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; *Leucine Zippers ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Phosphorylation ; Point Mutation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Retinoblastoma Protein/physiology ; *Signal Transduction ; *Transcription Factors ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Ultraviolet Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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