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  • Chemistry  (19)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling
  • sorghum
  • 1990-1994  (20)
  • 1994  (20)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of lectin activity on western blots using erythrocytes (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 15 (1994), S. 907-910 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the direct detection of lectins, agglutinating erythrocytes, on nitrocellulose membranes after Western blotting, thus avoiding protein extraction from specific bands in the gel, followed by agglutination assays. The methodology essentially involves exposing the lectin band on a nitrocellulose strip to trypsinized rabbit erythrocytes (2%, in 0.15 M NaCl) for 30 min at 37°C and then carefully transferring the membrane to saline (4°C) for a few gentle washes and then fixing it in a solution (0.2% glutaraldehyde in 0.15 M NaCl) for 30 min. Later, the membrane is gently washed several times in 0.15 M NaCl containing 10 mM β-alanine. The lectin band is visualized as a red agglutinated patch. The method is specific for lectins that can agglutinate red blood cells and virtually has no cross reactivity with the various nonlectin proteins tested. Binding of erythrocytes to the lectin band on the nitrocellulose strip can be prevented by specific competing sugars. The method can be applied to screen for the presence of lectins in natural materials and to monitor lectin fractions during purification.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501501130
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption and precipitation of metals in activated sludge (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 874-880 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: sludge ; sorption ; precipitation ; metals ; adsorption ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A conceptual model describing the relative roles of sorption and precipitation processes for metals in solid-solution suspensions is presented. The model performance is demonstrated using experimental data on sorption and precipitation of metals in samples of activated sludge mixed liquor. Based on the experimental results presented here, it appears that, at total metal and mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations and pH values generally encountered in full-scale municipal (or combined municipal/industrial) activated sludge systems, metals are primarily removed by sorption processes.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260430906
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic monitoring by using the rate of change of NAD(P)H fluorescene (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 453-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: NAD(P)H fluorescene ; on-line monitoring ; amino acid fermentation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The amino acid fermentation by Corynebacterium glutamicum was monitored with an new technique that uses the first derivative of the NAD(P)H fluorescene signal. The rate of change of NAD(P)H pools is indicative of intracellular redox balance variations that correspond to metabolic changes. The profile of this signal showed several characteristics that coincided with major metabolic events during fermentation. We show here that the derivative fluorescence signal can accurately estimate points of threonine depletion, viable cell count, and the end of amino acid formation. Furthermore, on-line optimization strategies can be developed by using the derivative fluorescene signal. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440408
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase fluorometric sterilizable optical oxygen sensor (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 1139-1145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: fluorescence lifetime ; phase modulation fluorometry ; dissolved oxygen tension ; oxygen measurement ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: We report here on a low-cost, optical oxygen sensor as an attractive alternative to the widely used amperometric Clark-type oxygen electrode for measuring dissolved oxygen tensions in cell cultures and bioreactor. Our sensor is based on the defferential quenching of the fluorescence lifetime of chromophore in response to the partial pressure of oxygen. This is measured as a phase shift in fluorescence emission from the chromophore due to oxygen quenching when excited by an intensity modulated beam of light. In this article we demonstrate the advantages of lifetime-based optical methods over both intensity based optical methods and amperometric electrodes. Our sensor is particularly suitable for measuring dissolved oxygen in bioreactors. It is autoclavable, is free of maintenance requirements, and solvents the problems of long-term stability, calibration drifts, and reliable measurement of low oxygen tensions in dense microbial cultures that limit the utility of Clark-type elcectordes. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260431119
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid determination of 2,5-diaminobenzene-1,4-disulfonic acid by reversed phase HPLCIICT Communication No. 3260. (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 17 (1994), S. 561-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Reversed phase LC ; Ion pair LC ; Quality assurance ; 2,5-Diaminobenzene-1,4-disulfonic acid ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240170714
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESR and magnetic properties of electrically conducting metallophthalocyanine polymersA part of the paper was presented at the First International Conference on Frontiers in Polymer Research held at New Delhi, January 21-25, 1991. (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 32 (1994), S. 37-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: phthalocyanine polymers ; electrical conductivity ; magnetic susceptibility ; electron spin resonance ; soliton defects ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polymeric metallophthalocyanines of Cu, Ni, Co in which benzene rings are shared in common with the macrocyclic phthalocyanine rings containing peripheral carboxylic groups have been synthesized and their electrical conductivities are shown to increase from 5 to 8 orders of magnitude by thermal treatment. The cobalt polymer exhibits greater conductivity than its nickel or copper analogs. The heated polymers show very broad electron spin resonance (ESR) signals and large paramagnetic susceptibilities. The bulk magnetic susceptibility of these polymers shows Curie-like behavior when the samples are heated from room temperature to 473 K. This is explained on the basis of coexistence of fixed mobile and conduction electron spins in the system and the interaction of the soliton type defects present in these polymers with the polymeric network to give dipolar charge carriers. This is also supported by the decrease in ESR intensity with increasing temperature when the samples are heated in the ESR cavity. The effect of the presence of unpaired electrons on the d shell of the central metal atoms on the line width and the line shape of the ESR spectra is also explained. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1994.090320106
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and properties of polyvinyl alcohol amidoxime chelate fiber (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 53 (1994), S. 325-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyvinyl alcohol amidoxime (PVAAO) chelate fiber prepared in our laboratory is a good adsorbent. Comparing with other adsorbents, it has many advantages, such as higher hydrophilicity, better adsorbability and easier synthesis. In this work, the synthesis course, structure and properties of PVAAO fiber have been studied by the means of FT-IR, SEM, ESR, and TG. The structural changes of the fiber associated with adsorbed copper ions have also been investigated using ESR, FT-IR, and XPS. In addition, chelating mechanisms of the fiber-adsorbing copper ions have been discussed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070530309
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron spin resonance study of γ-irradiated poly(methacrylic acid) (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 32 (1994), S. 1787-1790 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: electron spin resonance (ESR) ; gamma irradiations ; PMMA ; molecular relaxations ; total curve fitting method ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Low temperature relaxations in poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) have been studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The observed 8 line ESR spectra of irradiated PMAA in the temperature range 77-300K (LNT-RT) is attributed to the free radicals of the type ∼ CH2—CH—CH3. Assignment of ESR spectra to free radicals has been made on the basis of magnetic parameters employed to simulate ESR spectra at different temperatures. Further, ESR spectra below LNT have been simulated, using the set of parameters employed to simulate the experimental spectrum at LNT. Magnetic parameters of the ESR spectra at LNT and below LNT indicate γ- and δ-relaxations of PMMA chains. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1994.090321011
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of spent ion-exchange resins in the urea-formaldehyde matrix (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 1263-1271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Studies have been carried out on the immobilization of spent ion-exchange resins produced in nuclear power plants in urea-formaldehyde matrix. The matrices were prepared by incorporating different types of ion-exchange resins in the pH range of 4.5 to 5.0, using boric acid as a catalyst. Characterization of the matrices was carried out with respect to dimensional changes, compressive strength, and leach resistance. The cumulative percentage weight loss and volume change were observed to decrease with the increase in boric acid concentration before attaining a plateau. The diffusion coefficients were in the order of 10-16 M/s, and the compressive strengths were in the range of 0.83 to 12 MPa. Infrared spectral studies on the urea-formaldehyde matrices revealed that the rate and the extent of cure depended on the type of resin. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070520911
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grafting of maleic anhydride onto polypropylene: Synthesis and characterization (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 53 (1994), S. 239-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Isotactic polypropylene was grafted with maleic anhydride using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator and toluene as a solvent. Effects of various parameters such as monomer and initiator concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature on percentage grafting were studied. Effect of various solvents on extent of grafting was also studied. The maximum extent of grafting achieved was 5.3%. The graft copolymers were characterized by i.r., thermal, viscometric, and contact angle studies. Improved thermal stability and decreased intrinsic viscosity and critical surface tension were observed for graft copolymers. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070530212
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