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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (125)
  • 1990-1994  (125)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1994  (125)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 4756-4758 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In Nd-Fe-B melt-spun ribbon, Ga addition is found to be effective for the orientation of c axis of 2-14-1 grains normal to the ribbon plane even at high wheel surface velocity. A Nd12Fe80B6Nb1Ga1 melt-spun ribbon quenched with optimum wheel surface velocity was found to have textured structure on the free-side surface. Furthermore, this melt-spun ribbon was composed of fine grains of about 30 nm in size which is believed to be enough to provoke intergrain exchange interaction. The remanence and energy product of the field aligned powder of this melt-spun ribbon was about 7% and 20% higher than those of the not-aligned powder, respectively.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 745-747 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report nondestructive observations of both heavy-hole and light-hole excitons in the GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum wells (MQWs) using photoacoustic spectroscopy. The absorption spectra were measured by the gas-microphone photoacoustic technique with a minimal volume cell and grazing incidence method. Two distinct peaks were clearly observed in the photoacoustic signal and phase spectra of the MQW at room temperature. A photoreflectance measurement for the given MQW structure revealed that two peaks originated from the heavy-hole and light-hole excitonic resonances.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 1983-1985 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A ferro-antiferroelectric Li0.7Na0.3NbO3 solid solution crystal was grown from the melt by the Czochralski method. It has been found from the high temperature x-ray diffraction that the crystal is orthorhombic with a unit cell of dimensions a=5.374(9) A(ring), b=5.152(1) A(ring), and c=16.738(0) A(ring) at 25 °C, and undergoes a structural phase transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal at 480 °C. It was confirmed from the observation of the D-E hysteresis loop and the pyroelectric measurements that the mixed crystal Li0.7Na0.3NbO3 undergoes a first order ferroelectric phase transition at 480 °C. In the dielectric measurements, the dielectric behavior in the vicinity of the phase transition temperature reveals a diffusive character and also a pronounced dielectric dispersion due to an ionic hopping observed over the wide temperature range near 298 °C.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 928-931 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: ZnSe epilayers were grown on GaAs (100) substrates by atomic layer epitaxy modified from chemical-vapor deposition with thicknesses ranging from 600 to 6000 A(ring). X-ray-diffraction and micro-Raman scattering measurements were carried out to study the effects of strain in the ZnSe epilayers with different thicknesses. The increase in full width at half-maximum of double-crystal x-ray rocking curves was observed for layers thicker than the critical thickness, which indicates that the crystallinity gets strongly degraded when the layers are grown over the critical thickness. The critical thickness estimated by x-ray rocking curves is 1500 A(ring), while that obtained by micro-Raman scattering is 1000 A(ring). This difference suggests that the elastic strain depends on the layer depth for ZnSe epilayers around the critical thickness.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 2673-2679 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Homoepitaxial p-type CdTe films were grown by coevaporation of CdTe and phosphorus in vacuum, where the phosphorus vapor was ionized and accelerated toward the substrate. Hole densities up to 2×1017 cm−3 were obtained using an ion energy of 60 eV. Effects of residual ion damage were observed using cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, etch-pit density, and minority-carrier diffusion length measurements. This ion damage is dependent on both the ion dose and the ion energy. Reducing the ion energy below 60 eV results in lower doping densities, but using electron irradiation and Cd overpressure during deposition makes it possible to achieve equivalent doping levels for 20 eV ions while reducing the ion damage. At an ion energy of 20 eV, using electron irradiation of the growing film, and a 0.2% overpressure of Cd, films with hole density of 1×1017 cm−3 and diffusion length of 0.35 μm were obtained. Photovoltaic behavior of the films deposited in different conditions was tested by fabricating n-CdS/p-CdTe heterojunctions.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 7998-8003 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Structural and electrical properties of rf magnetron-sputtered Ba1−xSrxTiO3 thin films (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) on indium-tin-oxide-coated glass substrate were studied. The dense Ba1−xSrxTiO3 thin films sputtered from five different targets at the deposition temperature of 550 °C had individual orientations. The results of compositional analysis in films showed the deviation from the stoichiometry [(Ba+Sr)/Ti=1.009−1.089] with the increase of SrTiO3 content in the targets. The tetragonality in crystallographic structure of Ba1−xSrxTiO3 thin films was not observed even in the case of 〈x=0.3. The large frequency and composition dependence of ε' and tan δ were also observed. There were no significant changes in ε' up to x=0.5; however, the maximum value (ε'=204 at 100 kHz) around x=0.25 was in accordance with the results of bulk Ba1−xSrxTiO3 except at 1000 kHz. Above x=0.5, however, larger decreases of the dielectric constant were observed. The maximum values of ε' in x=0.25, 0.5, 0.75 were shown around the measuring temperatures of 50, 25, −20 °C, respectively, indicating the diffuse phase transition in Ba1−xSrxTiO3 thin films. The observed increases in ε' and tan δ above 125 °C are well explained with the barrier model. Nonlinear current-voltage characteristics in Ba1−xSrxTiO3 thin films showed that the lower the SrTiO3 content, the leakier Ba1−xSrxTiO3 thin films became, and the increase of SrTiO3 content leads to the increase of the breakdown fields from 1.7 to 2.7 MV/cm.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 3184-3186 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have grown microcrystalline silicon by a remote plasma chemical vapor deposition technique using silane and helium only, without hydrogen dilution. The optimum growth temperature and rf power are 330 °C and 100 W, respectively. These results indicate that an atomic hydrogen environment on the growing surface is not always necessary to grow microcrystalline (μc-)Si at low temperatures. It is found that the exposure of He plasma on the growing surface of μc-Si etches the Si layer, explaining the growth of μc-Si by using only silane and He and no hydrogen.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Y2O3 and Si3N4 layers of 50–60 nm thickness were employed as a buffer layer to improve the electrical characteristics between (BaSr)TiO3 thin film and ITO-coated glass substrate. Films were deposited by a rf magnetron sputtering method. In order to investigate the influence of the buffer layer on the structural and electrical properties, XRD, SEM, and SIMS analysis were conducted, and dielectric constant (ε'), dissipation factor (tan δ), voltage-current (V-I), and breakdown fields were measured as a function of (BaSr)TiO3 film thickness. From the results of the SEM and SIMS measurements, it was observed that the buffer layers reduced the influences of the substrate on grown films. Even though the dielectric constant of (BaSr)TiO3 film (440 nm in thickness) was lowered from 238–249 (nonbuffered) to 73–81 (Y2O3 buffered) and 37–43 (Si3N4 buffered) by adopting a buffer layer, the dissipation factor and leakage currents were significantly reduced, which could be explained by the decrease of oxygen diffusion due to the buffer layer. It was also shown that the shift of the breakdown field maximum toward thinner film and the increase of breakdown field occurred by adopting a buffer layer.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 7499-7505 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Structural and optical properties of Cd1−xHgxGa2Se4 and Cd1−xHgxGa2Se4:Co2+ single crystals grown by the chemical transport reaction method have been investigated. It has been found that these single crystals have a defect chalcopyrite structure and a direct optical energy gap. It has been seen that the optical energy gap decreases as a composition x increases and as a cobalt impurity is introduced. The temperature dependence of the optical energy gap is well presented by the Varshni equation. Impurity optical absorption peaks due to a cobalt atom were observed in the optical-absorption measurements of Cd1−xHgxGa2Se4:Co2+ single crystals. It has been analyzed that the impurity optical-absorption peaks are attributed to the electronic transition between the split energy levels of a Co2+ ion occupying a cubic Td symmetry site of the host lattice. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 2863-2867 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Shubnikov–de Haas and Van der Pauw Hall effect measurements at 1.5 K have been carried out to investigate the existence of a two-dimensional electron gas and to determine subband energies in a Si-delta-doped Al0.27Ga0.73As/GaAs single quantum well. The fast Fourier transformation results for the S-dH data indicate clearly the occupation of two subbands in edge delta-doped Al0.27Ga0.73As/GaAs quantum wells. Capacitance-voltage profiling and temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements have been performed to characterize the properties of edge delta-doped Al0.27Ga0.73As/GaAs quantum wells. Using these experimental results and a self-consistent numerical method which took into account the exchange-correlation effects, the electron subband energies were determined. These results indicate that edge delta-doped Al0.27Ga0.73As/GaAs single quantum wells are similar to the asymmetrical potential wells occupied by relatively high electron carrier densities.
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