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  • Springer  (91)
  • Blackwell Science Ltd
  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (91)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1935-1939
  • 1994  (91)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unraveling the intraspecific phylogeography of snotsCalidris canutus: a progress report on the search for genetic markers (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 135 (1994), S. 599-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mitochondrial DNA control region sequences of 25 Knots sampled from 10 populations and possibly four subspecies (canutus, islandica, rogersi, rufa) were obtained by PCR and direct sequencing. Only 7 haplotypes were found worldwide, all closely related to one another and differing by 1–3 substitutions. Knots have most probably expanded to their current population size from a refugial population that was severely bottlenecked late in the Pleistocene. Preliminary results from RAPDs are consistent with this prediction, in that Knots from North America appear to be genetically distinct from Knots elsewhere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01649854
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abiotic mortality factors of the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 71 (1994), S. 201-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Hypothenemus hampei ; coffee berry borer ; abiotic mortality ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mortality of the coffee berry borer was studied under controlled laboratory conditions in Tapachula, Mexico. For adult female borers subjected to a range of relative humidities (RH) without food at 25°C, the longest mean survival time (20 days) was obtained at 93.5% RH. Adult borer survival was also studied at a range of temperatures for a fixed relative humidity (93.5% RH); at 20°C mean survival time was 28 days. Fecundity and mortality of borer stages in berries was studied for a range of humidities at 25°C. Maximum fecundity was obtained at 90 and 93.5% RH. Immature stages were ejected from the berry at 84% RH and above, which is interpreted as a form of brood hygiene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02426404
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of volatile compounds from fungus-infected date fruit that stimulate upwind flight in femaleEctomyelois ceratoniae (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 72 (1994), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; Ectomyelois ceratoniae ; carob moth ; host-finding ; Phoenix dactylifera ; dates ; gas chromatography-electrophysiology ; mass spectrometry ; wind tunnel ; attraction ; volatiles ; headspace
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Four volatile compounds emitted from fungus-infected date fruit,Phoenix dactylifera L., were identified using coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic recordings, coupled gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis, electroantennographic assays of synthetic standards, and wind tunnel bioassays. These compounds were ethyl hexanoate, ethanol, acetaldehyde, and 2-phenylethanol. Wind tunnel bioassays showed that ethyl hexanoate was capable of stimulating upwind flight and landing on the source by mated female carob moths,Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller). Addition of both ethanol and acetaldehyde to ethyl hexanoate resulted in an increase in attraction to a level similar to that found for date fruits. No such effect was noted for additions of 2-phenylethanol at the dosages tested. In this study, it appears that ethyl hexanoate is a dominant olfactory stimulant and attractant for mated female carob moths, and represents a novel compound with regard to previously identified lepidopteran host odor attractants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02383810
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual feedback in the control of pheromone-mediated flight ofHeliothis virescens males (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 7 (1994), S. 605-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Heliothis ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; pheromone ; visual feedback
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract MaleHeliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were made to fly into a uniformly white and translucent tube within a large wind tunnel while responding to sex pheromone. Different visual patterns placed within the tube greatly affected the ability of the male moths to maintain upwind progress or remain oriented to the wind while in contact with the plume. Over 89% of males attempting to fly through a blank tube, lacking visual patterns, became disoriented, the males gaining or losing altitude and repeatedly hitting the sides of the tube. Patterns of 20–40 dots placed on the sides of the tube at or slightly above plume level resulted in high levels of sustained upwind flight (47–74%) relative to patterns placed directly below (30–40%), directly above (35%), or slightly below the level of the flight path (26–44%). Optimal upwind progression in pheromone-responding males occurred when image motion could be resolved both transversely (T), orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the body relative to the horizontal plane of the environment, and longitudinally (L), along the body axis. Even very sparse patterns (single rows of dots) could elicit high levels of sustained upwind flight (53–63%) when positioned within the tube such that the males' movements would create both L and T image motion. However, successful negotiation of the tube was also unexpectedly facilitated by patterns apparently providing no horizontal transverse component for flying males but providing longitudinal flow while centering the moth in the plume through a symmetrical left-right input (4–40%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01997435
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flight service environmental effects on composite materials and structures (1994)
    Springer
    Advanced performance materials 1 (1994), S. 51-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8765
    Keywords: composite materials ; environmental effects ; long-term durability ; flight service
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract NASA Langley and the U.S. Army have jointly sponsored programs to assess the effects of realistic flight environments and ground-based exposure on advanced composite materials and structures. Composite secondary structural components were initially installed on commercial transport aircraft in 1973; secondary and primary structural components were installed on commercial helicopters in 1979; and primary structural components were installed on commercial aircraft in the mid-to-late 1980's. Over 5.3 million total component flight hours have been accumulated on 350 composite components since 1973. Service performance, maintenance characteristics, and residual strength of numerous composite components are reported. In addition to data on flight components; 10-year ground-based exposure test results on material coupons are reported. Comparisons between flight and ground-based environmental effects for several composite material systems are also presented. Test results indicate excellent in-service performance with the composite components during the 15 year evaluation period. Good correlation between ground-based material performance and operational structural performance has been achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705313
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous two hemisphere observations of the presence of polar patches in the nightside ionosphere (1994)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 12 (1994), S. 642-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The presence of polar patches as observed simultaneously in the same magnetic meridian of opposite nightside ionospheres by coherent and incoherent scatter radars are described. The patches appear to be related to variations either in the Bz or By component of the interplanetary magnetic field which cause transient merging on the dayside magnetopause. The passage and characteristics of polar patches as they traverse the polar cap into the nightside auroral oval are not significantly affected by the occurrence of small substroms. This study illustrates how the observations of polar patches in the nightside high-latitude ionosphere could be of great value in determining their formation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0642-y
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SU(2)-equivariantk-theory of a class ofC*-algebras and nonhomogeneous random walks (1994)
    Springer
    K-Theory 8 (1994), S. 499-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0514
    Keywords: C*-algebras ; group actions ; SU(2) equivariantK 0-Theory ; random walks ; products of characters ; strong unimodality ; positivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The SU(2) equivariantK 0-Theory of a class ofC*-algebras is studied. These algebras arise from nonhomogeneous actions of SU(2) or SO(3) on uniformly hyperfinite algebras. The problems are shown to be equivalent to studying nonhomogeneous random walks associated with infinite products of characters — in particular, properties related to unimodality and positivity. Concrete sufficient conditions are developed for reducing the problem to the maximal torus action, for which extensive results are known; these become necessary and sufficient when there is a bound on the degree of the characters, or a strong unimodality assumption is made. When the degrees are unbounded, examples are constructed to indicate the range of behavior possible when reduction to the maximal torus is impossible. Finally, limit ratio theorems are obtained for the distribution of irreducibles in products of characters having a unimodality property.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00961403
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organizational structure and national activities of the United States in support of the ITER engineering design activities (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 13 (1994), S. 91-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02213940
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Industrial roles in the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) project (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 13 (1994), S. 131-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02213950
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron reflectivity study of adsorbed diblock copolymers (1994)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 721-726 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Neutron scattering techniques (including small-angle scattering) ; Macromolecular and polymer solutions (solubility, swelling, etc.) ; polymer melts ; Solid-fluid interfaces ; Structure and morphology ; thickness ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary In this paper, we summarize our cumulative work on neutron reflectivity studies of polystyrene-poly(vinyl-2-pyridine) (PS-PVP) and polystyrene-polyethylene oxide (PS-PEO) adsorbed at a quartz-solvent interface. Deuterated toluene was chosen as the solvent since it is a good solvent for PS and a poor one for either of the other two blocks. In this case, the polystyrene dangles into the solvent while the other block acts as an anchor. The neutron reflectivity studies reveal that the form of the polymer density profile normal to the substrate may be varied from an extended «brush» to a condensed «mushroom» conformation by manipulating the ratio of the molecular weights of the two blocks. In addition, we present new data on the PS-PEO system in a poor solvent, deuterated cyclohexane, under conditions of shear flow in Poiseuille geometry. We find that when the PS-PEO diblock is absorbed from cyclohexane and is allowed to relax, the PS chain takes on a «mushroom» conformation. However, when the shear is applied, the layer shear thickens due to the PS chains extending to nearly twice their original lengths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02456717
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