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  • GEOPHYSICS  (8)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (4)
  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (3)
  • Molecular Sequence Data  (3)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
  • Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (21)
  • 1994  (21)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (21)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetic, cellular, and developmental consequences of cryopreservation of immature and mature mouse and human oocytes (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 27 (1994), S. 165-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Cryopreservation ; Mammalian oocyte ; Cytogenetics ; Fertilization ; Embryogenesis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: This study examined the effects of cryopreservation on cellular organization, chromosomal complement, and developmental potential of immature and mature mouse and human oocytes. Chromosomal analyses were performed by DNA fluorescence microscopy and karyotyping on the same metaphase II-stage oocytes before and after freezing. Cellular analyses involved electron microscopy, time-lapse video recording, and fluorescent-probe microscopy of cortical granules. The findings demonstrate that while profound cytoplasmic, nuclear, and nucleolar alterations occur in the immature oocyte during cryopreservation, an apparently normal nucleus and cytoplasm is re-established progressively after thawing and culture. The resulting oocytes mature at high frequency and for the mouse, are fertilizable and capable of normal preimplantation of embryogenesis. Cryopreservation of mature mouse and human oocytes is not accompanied by a significant increase in the frequency of aneuploidy. However, cryopreserved human oocytes, while fertilizable, arrest development during the early cleavage stages and display aberrant patterns of cytokinesis. The possible etiologies of developmental failure in the human embryo that may be related to oocyte cryopreservation, as well as the potential benefits of cryopreservation of the immature oocyte, are discussed with respect to clinical and commercial applications. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 118 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070270209
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phorbol ester-stimulated stellation in primary cultures of astrocytes from different brain regions (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 29 (1994), S. 319-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Astrocytes ; Cell culture ; Stellation ; Protein kinase C ; Scanning confocal light microscopy ; Phorbol ester ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Stellation is the process by which astrocytes change from epithelial-like to process-bearing cells. Stellation occurs following activation of either cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase or protein kinase C. This process occurs through tubulin-dependent rearrangement of the cytoskeleton. We have evaluated the ability of phorbol, 12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA) to induce astrocyte stellation. Astrocytes from five brain regions (cerebellum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, diencephalon, and brain-stem) were examined to determine if all astrocytes would exhibit similar responses to this activator of protein kinase C. Stellation was evaluated following cell fixation by either phase optics using conventional light microscop, or scanning laser confocal light microscopy of cultures prepared using immunocytochemistry for tubulin and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Both the number of cells responding to PMA and the sensitivity to PMA varied for astrocytes from each brain region. PMA-induced stellation was most robust in cerebellar and brainstem astrocytes, with greater than 70% responding. Less than 40% of hippocampal and diencephalic astrocytes responded to PMA at the maximum does (10-5 M). PMA also induced different numbers of processes or branching patterns of processes on astrocytes from different brain regions. The protein kinase C induced stellation response in astrocytes supports the hypothesis that astrocytes contribute to neural plasticity. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070290409
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and fabrication of well confined uniform magnetic field exposure systems (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 15 (1994), S. 563-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: magnetic fields ; exposure system ; stray fields ; Merritt coils ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Exposure systems that provide good magnetic field uniformity, minimum stray fields, and minimal heating, vibration, and hum, as well as capability for true sham exposure in which current flows in the coils, are needed to determine rigorously the biological effects of weak magnetic fields. Designs based on acrylic polymer coil support structures and twisted pair bifilary coil windings were employed to fabricate several different systems for the exposure of laboratory animals and cell cultures to magnetic fields. These systems exhibit excellent performance characteristics in terms of exposure field uniformity, stray field containment, and exposure field cancellation in the sham exposure mode. A custom-written computer program was used to determine the best arrangement for coils with regard to field uniformity in the exposure volume and stray field containment. For in vivo exposures, modules were made up of four Merritt four-coil sets, built into a single structure and positioned to form an octapole with fields directed in the horizontal plane. For in vitro applications, two different coil configurations were selected to produce the vertical fields required. A quadrupole system, comprising modules consisting of two Merritt four-coil sets arranged side by side to limit stray fields, was built as a prototype. In the second configuration, one Merritt four-coil set was positioned inside the other to form a concentric coil set. In both in vitro systems, exposure chambers were connected to remote commercial incubators in order to reduce ambient magnetic fields in the exposure volume. An active field cancellation circuit was developed for reducing ambient AC magnetic fields in the in vitro sham exposure chamber, when necessary. These design and fabrication approaches provide systems that offer uniform field exposures and excellent stray field containment when needed and are portable, washable, and relatively inexpensive. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250150610
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic-field flux density and spectral characteristics of motor-driven personal appliances (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 15 (1994), S. 439-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: magnetic field ; electric appliances ; time-weighted average exposure ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Flux density and spectral measurements were carried out on magnetic fields generated by several types of motor-driven personal appliances used near the body. Among the units tested were several for which the average flux densities, as determined at the surfaces of the appliance, exceeded 0.4 mT. Time-rates-of-change (dB/dt) for several units exceeded 1000 T/s, and several units exhibited high-frequency components in the low-MHz range. Use of such appliances, although normally of short duration, can represent exposure to magnetic fields of relatively high flux density, which may also have high-frequency components. Compared to other household and commercial sources of magnetic fields, those generated by certain motor-driven personal appliances may represent a significant contribution to time-weighted average exposure and may represent an important source of local induced currents in the body. Furthermore, high-frequency transients that represent only a minor contribution to time-weighted average exposure may generate significant instantaneous induced currents. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250150507
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  • 5
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    Microtubule dynamics modulated by guanosine triphosphate hydrolysis activity of beta-tubulin (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-05-06
    Description: Microtubule dynamic instability underlies many cellular functions, including spindle morphogenesis and chromosome movement. The role of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) hydrolysis in dynamic instability was investigated by introduction of four mutations into yeast beta-tubulin at amino acids 103 to 109, a site thought to participate in GTP hydrolysis. Three of the mutations increased both the assembly-dependent rate of GTP hydrolysis and the average length of steady-state microtubules over time, a measure of dynamic instability. The fourth mutation did not substantially affect the rate of GTP hydrolysis or the steady-state microtubule lengths. These results demonstrate that the rate of GTP hydrolysis can modulate microtubule length and hence dynamic instability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, A -- Sage, C R -- Dougherty, C A -- Farrell, K W -- GM 41751/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 6;264(5160):839-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8171338" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/*metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Microtubules/metabolism/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/chemistry ; Tubulin/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Ligands for EPH-related receptor tyrosine kinases that require membrane attachment or clustering for activity (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-04
    Description: The EPH-related transmembrane tyrosine kinases constitute the largest known family of receptor-like tyrosine kinases, with many members displaying specific patterns of expression in the developing and adult nervous system. A family of cell surface-bound ligands exhibiting distinct, but overlapping, specificities for these EPH-related kinases was identified. These ligands were unable to act as conventional soluble factors. However, they did function when presented in membrane-bound form, suggesting that they require direct cell-to-cell contact to activate their receptors. Membrane attachment may serve to facilitate ligand dimerization or aggregation, because antibody-mediated clustering activated previously inactive soluble forms of these ligands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, S -- Gale, N W -- Aldrich, T H -- Maisonpierre, P C -- Lhotak, V -- Pawson, T -- Goldfarb, M -- Yancopoulos, G D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 4;266(5186):816-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10591.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973638" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; *DNA-Binding Proteins ; Ephrin-A1 ; Ephrin-B1 ; Humans ; Ligands ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neurons/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; *Receptor, EphA5 ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic/*metabolism ; Solubility ; *Transcription Factors ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; ets-Domain Protein Elk-1
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    An osmosensing signal transduction pathway in mammalian cells (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-08-05
    Description: The osmotic balance between the cytoplasmic and extracellular compartments of cells is critical for the control of cell volume. A mammalian protein kinase, Jnk, which is a distant relative of the mitogen-activated protein kinase group, was activated by phosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine in osmotically shocked cells. The activation of Jnk may be relevant to the biological response to osmotic shock because the expression of human Jnk in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae rescued a defect in growth on hyper-osmolar media. These data indicate that related protein kinases may mediate osmosensing signal transduction in yeast and mammalian cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galcheva-Gargova, Z -- Derijard, B -- Wu, I H -- Davis, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 5;265(5173):806-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01605.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8047888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; CHO Cells ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/genetics ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Enzyme Activation ; Genetic Complementation Test ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Osmotic Pressure ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Signal Transduction/*physiology ; Water-Electrolyte Balance/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Remote sensing for hurricane Andrew impact assessment (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Stennis Space Center personnel flew a Learjet equipped with instrumentation designed to acquire imagery in many spectral bands into areas most damaged by Hurricane Andrew. The calibrated airborne multispectral scanner (CAMS), a NASA-developed sensor, and a Zeiss camera acquired images of these areas. The information derived from the imagery was used to assist Florida officials in assessing the devastation caused by the hurricane. The imagery provided the relief teams with an assessment of the debris covering roads and highways so cleanup plans could be prioritized. The imagery also mapped the level of damage in residential and commercial areas of southern Florida and provided maps of beaches and land cover for determination of beach loss and vegetation damage, particularly the mangrove population. Stennis Space Center personnel demonstrated the ability to respond quickly and the value of such response in an emergency situation. The digital imagery from the CAMS can be processed, analyzed, and developed into products for field crews faster than conventional photography. The resulting information is versatile and allows for rapid updating and editing. Stennis Space Center and state officials worked diligently to compile information to complete analyses of the hurricane's impact.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA, Washington, Technology 2003: The Fourth National Technology Transfer Conference and Exposition, Volume 2; p 388
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Remote sensing for urban planning (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Utility companies are challenged to provide services to a highly dynamic customer base. With factory closures and shifts in employment becoming a routine occurrence, the utility industry must develop new techniques to maintain records and plan for expected growth. BellSouth Telecommunications, the largest of the Bell telephone companies, currently serves over 13 million residences and 2 million commercial customers. Tracking the movement of customers and scheduling the delivery of service are major tasks for BellSouth that require intensive manpower and sophisticated information management techniques. Through NASA's Commercial Remote Sensing Program Office, BellSouth is investigating the utility of remote sensing and geographic information system techniques to forecast residential development. This paper highlights the initial results of this project, which indicate a high correlation between the U.S. Bureau of Census block group statistics and statistics derived from remote sensing data.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA, Washington, Technology 2003: The Fourth National Technology Transfer Conference and Exposition, Volume 2; p 389-393
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Conceptual design and analysis of a dynamic scale model of the Space Station Freedom (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This report documents the conceptual design study performed to evaluate design options for a subscale dynamic test model which could be used to investigate the expected on-orbit structural dynamic characteristics of the Space Station Freedom early build configurations. The baseline option was a 'near-replica' model of the SSF SC-7 pre-integrated truss configuration. The approach used to develop conceptual design options involved three sets of studies: evaluation of the full-scale design and analysis databases, conducting scale factor trade studies, and performing design sensitivity studies. The scale factor trade study was conducted to develop a fundamental understanding of the key scaling parameters that drive design, performance and cost of a SSF dynamic scale model. Four scale model options were estimated: 1/4, 1/5, 1/7, and 1/10 scale. Prototype hardware was fabricated to assess producibility issues. Based on the results of the study, a 1/4-scale size is recommended based on the increased model fidelity associated with a larger scale factor. A design sensitivity study was performed to identify critical hardware component properties that drive dynamic performance. A total of 118 component properties were identified which require high-fidelity replication. Lower fidelity dynamic similarity scaling can be used for non-critical components.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-CR-4598 , NAS 1.26:4598 , LMSC/F440397
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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