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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 34 (1994), S. 532-540 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A model for the phase distribution and evolution of the heterogeneous (suspension) polymerization of vinyl chloride is presented. Experimental information on pressure, temperature, and conversion has been obtained from a 34 liter bench reactor reproducing reaction conditions and product properties typical of industrial operation. A calculation procedure based on simple plant data is proposed for the description of the phase compositions and their evolution over the entire process. Results based on classical Flory-Huggins theory of solutions are presented and compared with existing data.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 66 (1994), S. 1244-1244 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 45 (1994), S. 389-391 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The chain stiffness of a methoxypropyl-substituted poly[1.1.1]propellane in solution is investigated by static and dynamic light scattering. The Kuhn statistical segment length is determined as lk=150Å utilizing the Kratky-Porod wormlike chain model. It is, however, not yet clear whether the derived Kuhn length characterizes the chain stiffness of a perfect polypropellane chain or rather originates from “kinks” in the polymer backbone due to the presence of possible side reactions during polymerization.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1994-06-01
    Description: Previously, we found that murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (MO) induced in vitro by MO-specific colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) have little capacity to release prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and other eicosanoids. This work focused on the functional and transcriptional expression of the key enzymes for the PGE2 synthesis in the MO. Nonadherent bone marrow cells were cultured with RPMI1640 plus 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) further supplemented with either M-CSF or granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF and interleukin-3 (IL-3). Cellular PGG/H synthase (cyclooxygenase) levels were quantified by cytometric analysis with antibodies specific for the two isozymes of PGG/H synthase (PGG/H synthases 1 and 2). The enzyme activity was monitored by adding exogenous arachidonic acid (AA) substrate to the bone marrow MO cultures and to the cell-free particulate fractions. The levels of PGE2 converted were quantitated by radioimmunoassay (RIA). mRNA levels of the enzymes were detected by Northern blot analysis hybridized with mouse PGG/H synthase cDNA probes, 2.7 kb (PGG/H synthase 1) and 4.2 kb (PGG/H synthase 2). In addition, cellular phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities were detected with sn-2–14C-arachidonyl phosphatidylcholine as a substrate. Cells proliferating in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-3 for more than 4 days showed significant release of PGE2 (〉 7 ng/10(6) cells) when stimulated by AA. These cells also expressed significant amounts of PGG/H synthase 1 protein, its mRNA (2.7 kb) and cellular PLA2. M-CSF-induced MO, in sharp contrast, expressed little PGG/H synthase protein, mRNA, cellular enzyme activity, or PGE2 release, despite comparable levels of cellular PLA2 activity. These data suggest that the capacity of differentiating marrow-derived MO to form PGE2 is growth factor-dependent.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1994-06-01
    Description: Previously, we found that murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (MO) induced in vitro by MO-specific colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) have little capacity to release prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and other eicosanoids. This work focused on the functional and transcriptional expression of the key enzymes for the PGE2 synthesis in the MO. Nonadherent bone marrow cells were cultured with RPMI1640 plus 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) further supplemented with either M-CSF or granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF and interleukin-3 (IL-3). Cellular PGG/H synthase (cyclooxygenase) levels were quantified by cytometric analysis with antibodies specific for the two isozymes of PGG/H synthase (PGG/H synthases 1 and 2). The enzyme activity was monitored by adding exogenous arachidonic acid (AA) substrate to the bone marrow MO cultures and to the cell-free particulate fractions. The levels of PGE2 converted were quantitated by radioimmunoassay (RIA). mRNA levels of the enzymes were detected by Northern blot analysis hybridized with mouse PGG/H synthase cDNA probes, 2.7 kb (PGG/H synthase 1) and 4.2 kb (PGG/H synthase 2). In addition, cellular phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities were detected with sn-2–14C-arachidonyl phosphatidylcholine as a substrate. Cells proliferating in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-3 for more than 4 days showed significant release of PGE2 (〉 7 ng/10(6) cells) when stimulated by AA. These cells also expressed significant amounts of PGG/H synthase 1 protein, its mRNA (2.7 kb) and cellular PLA2. M-CSF-induced MO, in sharp contrast, expressed little PGG/H synthase protein, mRNA, cellular enzyme activity, or PGE2 release, despite comparable levels of cellular PLA2 activity. These data suggest that the capacity of differentiating marrow-derived MO to form PGE2 is growth factor-dependent.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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