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  • 1
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    Spatially Resolved Observation of Static Magnetic Flux States in YBa2Cu3O7-dgr Grain Boundary Josephson Junctions (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-25
    Description: With low-temperature scanning electron microscopy, the magnetic flux states in high critical temperature Josephson junctions have been imaged. The experiments were performed with YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) thin-film grain boundary Josephson junctions fabricated on [001] tilt SrTiO(3) bicrystals. For applied magnetic fields parallel to the grain boundary plane, which correspond to local maxima of the magnetic field dependence of the critical current, the images clearly show the corresponding magnetic flux states in the grain boundary junction. The spatial modulation of the Josephson current density by the external magnetic field is imaged directly with a spatial resolution of about 1 micrometer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fischer, G M -- Mayer, B -- Gross, R -- Nissel, T -- Husemann, K D -- Huebener, R P -- Freltoft, T -- Shen, Y -- Vase, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 25;263(5150):1112-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17831622" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Materials and processing aspects of CoCrTa/Cr longitudinal recording media. I. Processing and magnetic properties (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 8167-8173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this study, we correlate various processing conditions with the magnetic properties of CoCrTa/Cr films by varying the substrate preheating, the substrate bias, and the composition of the magnetic target. High Hc CoCrTa/Cr films with thin Cr underlayers were produced by either preheating the substrate or by rf bias sputtering. We found that the sputtering temperature of the magnetic layer plays a far more important role in reducing intergranular exchange coupling and increasing Hc than does the CoCrTa/Cr crystallographic texture. The optimum condition for preparing high Hc films depends on the magnetic target composition. Even though the crystallographic texture does not control Hc, it does have an effect on the ΔM curve which is related to the noise properties of CoCrTa/Cr media. ΔM measurements indicate that {11¯01}Co /{110}Cr textured films may have slightly better noise properties than the films with {112¯0}Co /{200}Cr texture with similar Hc. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357868
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Materials and processing aspects of CoCrTa/Cr longitudinal recording media. II. Microstructure (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 8174-8179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the CoCrTa/Cr system, it has been postulated that segregation of nonmagnetic constituents to grain boundaries is responsible for the low noise and high coercivity. However, direct experimental evidence is still lacking. In this investigation, we have carried out microstructural studies using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy (ARTEM) of CoCrTa/Cr films produced under varying processing conditions. We found that the stacking fault density and the degree of crystalline perfection between the faults is most important in increasing the coercivity and improving signal-noise properties as indicated by ΔM measurement. High substrate temperatures and high Cr and Ta concentrations promote the occurrence of the stacking faults in the films. In conjunction with ARTEM results, we propose that these faults provide possible sites for elemental segregation which is partially responsible for reducing the magnetic coupling among the unfaulted hcp regions in the CoCrTa films. We also provide microstructural evidence supporting the picture that the high-frequency mechanical texture lines break the intergranular coupling normal to the texture lines resulting in circumferential anisotropy. Grains are crystallographically correlated to form clusters between the texture lines but such correlation is broken up by the texture lines. This gives rise to an effective shape-induced anisotropy. We believe that the cluster size plays a more important role than does the grain size in determining the magnetic properties of CoCrTa/Cr media. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357869
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diblock Copolymer Adsorption onto a Solid Surface as Revealed by Evanescent Wave Ellipsometry (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 27 (1994), S. 7490-7491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00103a037
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyrotaxanes based on polyurethane backbones and crown ether cyclics. 1. Synthesis (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 116 (1994), S. 537-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00081a014
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of cadmium on ketamine-induced anesthesia and brain microsomal Na+, K+-ATPase in mice (1994)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 53 (1994), S. 591-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199031
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear optical studies of surfaces (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 59 (1994), S. 541-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.65.−k
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A brief overview on second-harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation as surface analytical tools is given with a discussion on the intrinsic limitations of the techniques often encountered in the applications. The possibly of using nonlinear optical processes for surface studies has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Optical Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) and Sum-Frequency Generation (SFG), in particular, have been well accepted as viable surface probes [1]. They have many advantages over the conventional techniques. By nature, they are highly surface-specific and has a submonolayer sensitivity. As coherent optical processes, they are capable of in-situ probing of surface in hostile environment as well as applicable to all interfaces accessible by light. With ultrafast pump-laser pulses, they can be employed to study surface-dynamic processes with a subpicosecond time resolution. These advantages have opened the door to many exciting research opportunities in surface science and technology. This paper gives a brief overview of this fast-growing new area of research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348272
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer simulation and analysis of fountain flow in filling process of injection molding (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 1 (1994), S. 163-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Fourtain flow ; Injection mold filling ; Finite element method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The viscous flow in the filling stage of injection molding can be described in terms of an one-dimensional fully developed main flow and a complex two-dimensional flow near the advancing front, which is often termed the ”fountain flow“. The transport characteristics in the front region of the mold flow are of increasing importance in injection process of composite materials such as resin injection molding (RIM). By using of finite element method, the simulation of non-isothermal viscous flow between two isothermal parallel plates with the generalized newtonian fluid is presented in detail. The ”un-folding” of the fluid particles towards the mold wall directly affects transport characteristics such as the distribution of temperature, the orientation and the concentration of molecule near the front in filling stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01374091
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel environment-induced genic male sterile (EGMS) mutant in indica rice (1994)
    Springer
    Euphytica 76 (1994), S. 89-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Indica rice ; Oryza sativa ; radiation mutagenesis ; thermo-sensitive male sterility ; pollen ; vigour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Male-sterile mutants were isolated from M2 and M3 generations of indica rice variety 26 Zhaizao, dry seeds of which had been exposed to 60Co-γ rays at a dose of 290 Gy. The mutants were planted in early season and ratooned in late season for two successive years for identification of fertility conversion in different growing seasons. One of the mutant lines was further observed in a growth chamber and in the field. Results showed that daily average temperature might be the major factor conditioning the male fertility conversion at a moderate daylength. The critical temperature for the male fertility conversion of the mutant grown under 12.5 h and 14.0 h daylength is about 23°C, below which the plant becomes completely male sterile. Its male fertility conversion character differs from other EGMS lines so far developed. The performance of the hybrids between the mutant and some other indica varieties demonstrated its good combining ability and its potential value in hybrid rice production. The obtained mutant line still sheds KI-stainable pollen grains under male sterilizing conditions. Nevertheless, pollen grains shed from the male sterile plants were much more vulnerable than from normal plants. At sucrose concentration below 1.5 M, the pollen grains from the mutant grown under male sterilizing conditions almost completely broke down, while above 1.5 M they became plasmolysed and shrunken. This is indicative of poor development of the membrane and walls of the pollen grains from the male sterile mutant, causing the pollen grains to be unfunctional. NBT test also clarified the abortion of the pollen grains from the mutant, which were formed in the male sterilizing environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024024
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further discussion on the conservation laws and path-independent integrals in linear elasticity (1994)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 66 (1994), S. R11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012641
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