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Digitale Medien

Encapsulation and reactivity of the enzyme oxalate oxidase in a sol-gel derived glass (1994)

Yamanaka, Stacey A. ; Nguyen, Nhi P. ; Ellerby, Lisa M. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of sol gel science and technology 2 (1994), S. 827-829

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ISSN: 1573-4846

Schlagwort(e): biomaterials ; sensors ; enzyme ; biosensors ; spectroscopy in gels

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract The enzymes oxalate oxidase and peroxidase are encapsulated in stable, optically transparent, porous silica glass matrices synthesized under mild conditions using novel sol-gel synthetic techniques. The large enzymes are immobilized, but smaller molecules such as oxalate ions pass readily through the porous glass. Upon exposure to oxalate solutions, a colored glass is formed whose absorption spectrum and changes of absorbance with time are measured. The sensitivity of the response and the time-dependence of the response are discussed.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486359

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Digitale Medien

Biomolecular materials based on sol-gel encapsulated proteins (1994)

Zink, Jeffrey I. ; Yamanaka, Stacey A. ; Ellerby, Lisa M. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of sol gel science and technology 2 (1994), S. 791-795

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ISSN: 1573-4846

Schlagwort(e): biomaterials ; proteins ; sensor ; spectroscopy in gels

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract The proteins copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), cytochrome c, myoglobin, hemoglobin, and bacterio-rhodopsin are encapsulated in stable, optically transparent, porous, silica glass matrices prepared by the sol-gel method such that the biomolecules retain their characteristic reactivities and spectroscopic properties. The resulting glasses allow transport of small molecules into and out of the glasses at reasonable rates but retain the protein molecules within their pores. The transparency of the glasses enables the chemical reactions of the immobilized proteins to be monitored by means of changes in their visible absorption spectra. Silica glasses containing the immobilized proteins have similar reactivities and spectroscopic properties to those found for the proteins in solution. The enzymes glucose oxidase and peroxidase were also encapsulated in transparent silica glass matrices. Upon exposure to glucose solutions, a colored glass is formed that can be used as the active element in a solid state optically based glucose sensor.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486352

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Digitale Medien

In-situ fluorescence imaging of sol-gel thin film deposition (1994)

Nishida, F. ; Dunn, B. ; Mckiernan, J. M. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of sol gel science and technology 2 (1994), S. 477-481

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ISSN: 1573-4846

Schlagwort(e): fluorescence probe ; luminescence ; thin film processing

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Pyranine was used as a fluorescence probe to monitor the chemical evolution in-situ during thin film deposition by the dip coating process. The sensitivity of the pyranine luminescence to protonation/deprotonation effects was used to quantify changes in the water/alcohol ratio in real time within the depositing film as the substrate was withdrawn from the coating reservoir. The spatially resolved spectral results clearly showed that preferential evaporation of alcohol occurred with increasing distance from the reservoir and that the maximum water content reached rather high values near the drying line. Correlation of the luminescence results with the interference pattern of the drawn films allows the solvent composition in the film to be mapped as a function of film thickness. These experiments demonstrate for the first time that luminescent organic molecules may be applied to the processing science of sol-gel thin film deposition.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486294

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Digitale Medien

Ultrastructural analysis of softwood fracture surfaces (1994)

Zink, A. G. ; Pelikane, P. J. ; Shuler, C. E.

Springer

Wood science and technology 28 (1994), S. 329-338

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ISSN: 1432-5225

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Maschinenbau

Notizen: Summary The ultrastructural characteristics of fracture surfaces from southern pine and Douglas-fir specimens tested in tension at various angles to grain were examined. The fracture surace morphology was inspected using scanning electron microscopy. Three anatomical failure types were recognized: intercell failure, transwall failure, and intrawall failure. Certain failure characteristics were ascribed as a function of the magnitudes of paralleland perpendicular-tograin tension and parallel-to-grain shear present in the specimen. In specimens tested in paralleland perpendicular-to-grain tension, the thick-walled latewood cells were found to fail in a combination of transwall and intrawall failure. The intrawall failures were usually at the S1–S2 interface. The more thin-walled earlywood cells were more likely to exhibit abrupt, transwall failures. At intermediate angles of load to grain, surfaces indicative of the type found in pure shear tests were predominant. Perpendicularto-grain tension failures resulted in mostly intercell failures. Ray cells consistently exhibited transwall failures. The failure surface frequently changed planes in all loading modes. This path transfer was inevidably associated with material discontinuities in the wood. When the path did transfer, all three failure types were observed. No significant species effect was observed.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195280

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Digitale Medien

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the phytohemagglutinin genes inPhaseolus andVigna (Leguminosae) (1994)

Zink, Dorothea ; Schumann, Klaus ; Nagl, Walter

Springer

Plant systematics and evolution 191 (1994), S. 131-146

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ISSN: 1615-6110

Schlagwort(e): Leguminosae ; Phaseolus ; Vigna ; Lectin genes ; phylogeny ; diversity ; RFLP

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract Restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) locus were determined among 21 genotypes ofPhaseolus vulgaris, P. coccineus, P. acutifolius, P. lunatus, and threeVigna species, using five restriction enzymes and one double digestion, in order to provide molecular evidence for their genetic relatedness. The dissimilarity between genotypes was estimated from binary RFLP data. The dissimilarity was high among species (from 0.75 to 0.95), and of variable extent among genotypes of the same species (0.33–0.89). InP. vulgaris, two different DNA hybridization patterns were found, giving further evidence for two major gene pools in that species. The restriction patterns ofP. vulgaris var.aborigineus, the putative ancestral form ofP. vulgaris, exhibit clear homology toP. vulgaris genotypes. An undefined landrace from Taiwan could be identified as aP. vulgaris genotype. RFLP-based trees for the phytohemagglutinin genes of the species studied were computed with several distance matrix and parsimony methods.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984660

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