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  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract To produce PreS2 antigen of human hepatitis B virus extra-cellularly in Bacillus subtilis, it was fused with the COOH-termini of B. subtilis α-amylases of 522 (Amy+), 467 (Amy+) and 443 (Amy−) amino acids, Among them, α-amylase-A467, which has 467 amino acids, was a relatively stable carrier when the cells were cultured in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. The α-amylase-A443-PreS2 hybrid protein (Amy−) was quickly degraded. The α-amylase-A522-PreS2 hybrid was most efficiently produced when a B. subtilis transformant of a protease-super-deficient mutant was cultured in the presence of 0.5 m sodium sulphate. The production of A522-PreS2 hybrid protein under such conditions reached 5–10 mg/l and was eight, and 200–500 times higher than those obtained by the transformants of an alkaline/neutral protease-deficient mutant of B. subtilis, and a wild-type strain, in LB medium, respectively.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 301-302 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Adriamycin ; Haemodialysis ; adriamycinol ; pharmacokinetics ; moment analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 79-84 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Methylphenidate enantiomers ; Narcoleptic patient ; oral administration ; healthy volunteers ; plasma concentration ; nonlinear kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the pharmacokinetics of methylphenidate enantiomers after the oral administration of different doses of racemic methylphenidate to one patient with narcolepsy and to four healthy volunteers. The plasma concentrations of (+)-methylphenidate were much higher than those of (−)-methylphenidate after each dose in all subjects. In the patient the oral clearance (CL/f) of (+)-methylphenidate fell 3-fold and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) rose 7-fold when the dose was increased from 20 to 40 mg (from 0.27 to 0.53 mg·kg−1), in spite of the relatively constant terminal half-life of 2.6–2.7 h. Similar dose-dependency was also observed in the healthy volunteers in the dose range of 10–60 mg (0.12–0.77 mg·kg−1). The mean value of CL/f for the 40 mg dose was significantly lower than that for the 20 mg dose. The mean AUC of the (+)-isomer corrected to a dose of 10 mg increased significantly between the 20 mg and 40 mg doses. In the urine (+)- and (−)-ritalinic acid were excreted for 48 h after each dose as 32–37% and 34–40% of the dose respectively. The mean total recoveries (sum of enantiomers of methylphenidate and its metabolite, ritalinic acid) in the urine were relatively constant (63–78% of the doses), suggesting that the changes in AUC with dose may not be due to a change in the intestinal absorption of racemic methylphenidate. We conclude that the nonlinear kinetics of (+)-methylphenidate may be due to saturation of its presystemic elimination.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 13 (1993), S. 463-478 
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Thermal plasma ; chlorofluorocarbon ; decomposition ; quenching ; hydrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Dichlorodifluoromethane was decomposed by a thermal argon plasma generated by a DC are discharge. The experiments and the kinetic calculations showed that the complete decomposition of the chlorofluorocarbon proceeded with the simultaneous additions of hydrogen and oxygen. Both the expertimental and calculated results confirmed that it is favorable, for the decomposition, not to quench the products but to add an excess of hydrogen over the stoichiometric amount, which leads to a reduction in chlorine formation.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ascites hepatoma ; Adhesive factor ; Monoclonal antibody ; Cell membrane polarity ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A cell surface-associated adhesive factor (AF) separated from differentiated rat ascites hepatoma AH136B cells (forming cell islands in vivo) has been highly purified by chromatography. AF is assumed to mediate the cell-cell adhesion essential to island formation of the hepatoma cells. A substance, immunologically crossreactive with AF, is present in the ascites fluid or culture medium of the AH136B cells. Because the substance is almost identical to AF in molecular weight and aggregation-promoting activity, it has been concluded that AF is released into the ascites fluid where it is concentrated. Monoclonal antibodies have been raised against AF purified from ascites fluid of AH136B cells. We have obtained a monoclonal antibody, coded MoAF-6D6, that strongly abolishes the aggregation-promoting activity of AF. When AH136B cell islands are incubated in the presence of Fab fragments of MoAF-6D6, cell detachment from the islands is evident within 24 h. Cell islands following 36-h culture show a distinct dissociation and islands completely lose their organization 48 h after culture. The dissociating effect of MoAF-6D6 is neutralized by the addition of AF. These results suggest that AF plays a significant role in the maintenance of cell islands.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: porous carrier ; suspension-cell culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A new type porous carrier was fabricated from a mixture of sodium alginate, bovine serum albumin and sodium bicarbonate. The porous space of the carrier is an assembly of void spaces. The carrier was successfully applied to the cultivation of suspension animal cells. In the culture, while both cells and carriers were held in suspension, the cells were entrapped hydrodynamically into the void spaces in the carriers. A culture of hybridoma cells using this carrier resulted in a cell density up to 5.7×107 cells per ml-carrier.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 23 (1993), S. 177-183 
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Thermal heterocomplex molecules made by heating amino acids, aspartic acid and proline, exhibit an autocatalytic accretion in their aqueous suspension under appropriate conditions of their temperature and concentration.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 949-955 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: radical polymerization ; 3-methylene-5,5′-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidinone ; exomethylene cyclic monomers ; kinetics ; monomer reactivity ratios ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-Methylene-5,5′-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidinone (α-MDMP), a cyclic analog of N-substituted methacrylamide, was synthesized and polymerized with α,α′-azobis (isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) in solution. Poly(α-MDMP) is only soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at room temperature. Thermogravimetry of poly(α-MDMP) showed 10% weight loss at 355°C in air and 400°C under nitrogen, respectively. The kinetics of α-MDMP homopolymerization with AIBN was investigated in DMSO. The rate of polymerization (Rp) can be expressed by Rp = k[AIBN]0.49[α-MDMP]1.0 and the overall activation energy has been calculated to be 73.2 kJ/mol. Monomer reactivity ratios in copolymerization of α-MDMP (M2) with methyl methacrylate (M1) are r1 = 0.71 and r2 = 0.71, from which Q and e values of α-MDMP are calculated as 0.75 and -0.43, respectively. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 123-128 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: amphiphilic macromonomer ; poly(2-oxazoline) ; emulsion copolymerization ; vinyl ester group ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The present article describes the synthesis and emulsion copolymerization of a block-type amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline) macromonomer possessing a polymerizable vinyl ester group. The macromonomer was synthesized by one-pot two-stage block copolymerization of 2-oxazolines using vinyl iodoacetate as initiator. 2-Methyl- and 2-n-butyl-2-oxazolines were employed for the construction of hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments, respectively. The surface activities evaluated by the surface tension of the macromonomer in water were fairly good. Emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate with the macromonomer was carried out. The macromonomer acted as a polymeric surfactant, as well as a comonomer. The resulting copolymer latex particles were spherical and their diameter was in the sub-micron range. The effects of the composition of the macromonomer on the emulsion copolymerization and the resulting latex particles were examined. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Curve fit ; Finite-element method ; Left ventricle ; Thick-walled spherical shell ; Transfer function ; Viscoelastic properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors measured the transfer function (TF) of the left ventricle (LV) in an isolated canine preparation. Here TF indicates the ratio of induced vibration in LV to input vibration when an external mechanical oscillation is applied. TF had a single peak the frequency of which changed from 40 Hz to 80 Hz when LV pressure (LVP) increased from 6 mm Hg to 96 mm Hg. A mathematical model was formulated to estimate the viscoelasticity of the spherical shell. This model was constructed of the material points, elastic components which connected all the material points, and viscous components placed in series with elastic components. Theoretical TF can be computed if the viscoelastic values are given. The value of viscoelasticity at which the theoretical TF best fitted the experimental TF was considered to be the viscoelasticity of the model. The validity of this approach was verified using a silicone spherical shell. The estimated myocardial elasticity was 40 kPa when LVP was 6 mm Hg, 160–170 kPa when LVP was 96 mm Hg and was approximately proportional to LVP, whereas viscosity showed small change. The inclination of elasticity was consistent with previous reports. These results proved that myocardial elasticity can be estimated by analysing the transfer function of the left ventricle.
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