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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low resistance and large current range CW single-mode top surface-emitting laser with small window (1993)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 25 (1993), S. 745-749 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the results of a room-temperature CW top surface-emitting laser whose light-emitting window is much smaller than the current injection area. The lowest series resistance of device is 50 Ω. It maintains single transverse mode at high current levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430563
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel hybrid construction of a visible surface-emitting laser and its two-dimensional arrays (1993)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 25 (1993), S. 467-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A novel hybrid surface-emitting laser and two-dimensional laser array is reported. The device consists of rectangular GaAs reflectors and edge-emitting single laser or one-dimensional laser arrays which are fabricated separately. The devices are mounted upside-down on a copper heat sink, allowing for good heat conduction. The CW operation and the reflectivity characteristics of this surface-emitting laser have been investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421744
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The designed synthesis and crystallographic characterization of three novel heterotrimetallic linear complexes of [Et4N][(Ph3P)2{M′S2 MS2Fe}Cl2] (M=Mo,M′=Ag;M=W,M′=Cu, Ag) (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of cluster science 4 (1993), S. 89-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Keywords: Designed synthesis ; heterotrimetallic ; linear complexes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The complexes [Et4N][(Ph3P)2{M′S2 MS2Fe}Cl2] (M=Mo,M′=Ag;M=W,M′=Cu, Ag) have been obtained by reaction of [Et4N]2[S2 MS2FeCl2] (M=Mo, W) with Cu(PPh3)3Cl or Ag(PPh3)3NO3 in MeCN/CH2Cl2, respectively. Crystal data for [Et4N][(PPh3)2 {AgS2MoS2Fe}Cl2] (I): triclinic, P $$\bar 1$$ (No. 2),Z=2,a=13.41(1)Å,b=15.54(1)Å,c=12.30(1)Å, α=105.24(6)°, β=94.63(7)°, γ=101.38(6)°, andV=2399(4)Å3. The bond lengths of Mo-Fe bond and the Mo-Ag distance are 2.756(2)Å and 3.033(2)Å, respectively. Crystal data for [Et4N][(PPh3)2 {AgS2WS2Fe}Cl2] (II): triclinic, P $$\bar 1$$ (No. 2),Z=2,a=13.457(5))Å,b=15.601(6)Å,c=12.338(4)Å, α=105.20(3)°, β=94.61(4)°, γ=101.43(4)°, andV=2426(2)Å3. The bond length of W-Fe bond and the W-Ag distance are 2.786(2)Å and 3.076(1)Å, respectively. Crystal data for [Et4N][(PPh3)2 {CuS2WS2Fe}Cl2] (III): triclinic, P $$\bar 1$$ (No. 2),Z=2,a=13.498(5)Å,b=15.372(4)Å,c=12.340(4)Å, α=105.54(2)°, β=93.32(3)°, γ=101.40(3)°, andV=2401(1)Å3. The bond lengths of W-Fe bond and the W-Cu bond are 2.800(1)Å and 2.851(1)Å, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00702711
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The critical temperature and gap solution in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory of superconductivity (1993)
    Springer
    Letters in mathematical physics 29 (1993), S. 133-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0530
    Keywords: 82B26 ; 83D55 ; 45G10 ; 45L
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Letter studies the problem of numerical approximations of the critical transition temperature and the energy gap function in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer equation arising in superconductivity theory. The positive kernel function leads to a phonon-dominant state at zero temperature. Much attention is paid to the equation defined on a bounded region. Two discretized versions of the equation are introduced. The first version approximates the desired solution from below, while the second, from above. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the method. Besides, the approximations of a full space solution and the associated critical temperature by solution sequences constructed on bounded domains are also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00749729
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The origin of melt-texture crystal growth process in a simple tube furnace (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 6 (1993), S. 247-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: Melt-texture growth ; YBa2Cu3O7−δ
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The melt-texture growth (MTG) method has been shown to be effective in fabricating high-T csuperconducting bulk samples with highly oriented layers of single crystals. The critical current densityJ cof the typical samples are enhanced significantly. Furthermore, making use of the nonzero spatial temperature gradient at certain locations of a common tube furnace, we fabricated Y-123 bulk samples with various dopants allowingJ cup to ≈3.0×104 A cm−2 in our recent investigations. We followed up our project by analyzing the relations among the crucial parameters involved in the modified version of the MTG process. These parameters include the temperature gradient, the time rate of change of temperature, the “growth front” of the crystal, etc. Our study indicates that some of the empty space regions that appear between layers are only shallow “gap lines.” True layers of single crystals do exist, and we present an explanation for the growth of crystal layers along special directions as observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00626265
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Minimum steiner trees in normed planes (1993)
    Springer
    Discrete & computational geometry 9 (1993), S. 351-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A minimum Steiner tree for a given setX of points is a network interconnecting the points ofX having minimum possible total length. In this note we investigate various properties of minimum Steiner trees in normed planes, i.e., where the “unit disk” is an arbitrary compact convex centrally symmetric domainD having nonempty interior. We show that if the boundary ofD is strictly convex and differentiable, then each edge of a full minimum Steiner tree is in one of three fixed directions. We also investigate the Steiner ratioρ(D) forD, and show that, for anyD, 0.623〈ρ(D)〈0.8686.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02189328
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite element approximation of a periodic Ginzburg-Landau model for type-II superconductors (1993)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 64 (1993), S. 85-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 35J60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We consider efficient finite element algorithms for the computational simulation of type-II superconductors. The algorithms are based on discretizations of a periodic Ginzburg-Landau model. Periodicity is defined with respect to a non-orthogonal lattice that is not necessarily aligned with the coordinate axes; also, the primary dependent variables employed in the model satisfy non-standard “quasi”-periodic boundary conditions. After introducing the model, we define finite element schemes, derive error estimates of optimal order, and present the results of some numerical calculations. For a similar quality of simulation, the resulting algorithms seem to be significantly less costly than are previously used numerical approximation methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01388682
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic shakedown theory of elastoplastic work-hardening structures allowing for second-order geometric effects (1993)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 6 (1993), S. 15-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: work-hardening ; second-order geometric effects ; shakedown ; discretization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper is based on piecewise linear yield surface and discretization of structure. By allowing for inertial force, damping force and second-order geometric effects, the two generalized dynamic shakedown theorems are given for shakedown analysis of structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02207810
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    P-version hybrid analytical finite element method for plate bending problems (1993)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 6 (1993), S. 401-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: plate bending problems ; generalized variational principle ; p-version refinement ; biharmonic polynomial space ; finite element method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two sets of trial functions with different variables are constructed for the admissible space of the finite element analysis. The trial functions satisfy the equilibrium differential equation inside elements, while the deflections and rotations on the edges of the elements are approximated by the Peano hierarchical interpolation functions. Then, a generalized variational principle is applied to set up the p-version hybrid analytical finite element method for plate bending problems. The accuracy of finite element computation can be improved by increasing the order of the interpolation polynomials with fixed mesh. In the finite element formulation, to obtain the stiffness matrices and the load vectors, it is only necessary to perform quadrature over the edges of the elements. These matrices and vectors possess an embedding structure. The conformability between the elements can be controlled automatically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02207731
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supporting consistent updates in replicated multidatabase systems (1993)
    Springer
    The VLDB journal 2 (1993), S. 215-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0949-877X
    Keywords: Multidatabases ; replicated data management ; concurrency control ; replica control ; serializability ; resolvable conflicts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Replication is useful in multidatabase systems (MDBSs) because, as in traditional distributed database systems, it increases data availability in the presence of failures and decreases data retrieval costs by reading local or close copies of data. Concurrency control, however, is more difficult in replicated MDBSs than in ordinary distributed database systems. This is the case not only because local concurrency controllers may schedule global transactions inconsistently, but also because local transactions (at different sites) may access the same replicated data. In this article, we propose a decentralized concurrency control protocol for a replicated MDBS. The proposed strategy supports prompt and consistent updates of replicated data by both local and global applications without a central coordinator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01232187
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