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  • Springer  (77)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (16)
  • Blackwell Science Ltd
  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (93)
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  • 1993  (93)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antiproton-proton annihilation at rest into two-body final states (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 58 (1993), S. 175-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report measurements of branching ratios for production of a series of two meson final states in $$\bar p$$ p annihilations at rest in liquid hydrogen. We find: $$\begin{gathered} BR(\bar pp \to \pi ^ + \pi ^ - ) = (3.07 \pm 0.13) \cdot 10^{ - 3} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to K^ + K^ - ) = (0.99 \pm 0.05) \cdot 10^{ - 3} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to \pi ^0 \pi ^0 ) = (6.93 \pm 0.43) \cdot 10^{ - 4} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to \pi ^0 \eta ) = (2.12 \pm 0.12) \cdot 10^{ - 4} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to \pi ^0 \omega ) = (5.73 \pm 0.47) \cdot 10^{ - 3} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to \pi ^0 \eta ') = (1.23 \pm 0.13) \cdot 10^{ - 4} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to \eta \eta ) = (1.64 \pm 0.10) \cdot 10^{ - 4} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to \eta \omega ) = (1.51 \pm 0.12) \cdot 10^{ - 2} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to \eta \eta ') = (2.16 \pm 0.25) \cdot 10^{ - 4} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to \omega \omega ) = (3.32 \pm 0.34) \cdot 10^{ - 2} \hfill \\ BR(\bar pp \to \omega \eta ') = (0.78 \pm 0.08) \cdot 10^{ - 2} \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ These are the first measurements of the channels ηη′ and ωη′ and in almost all the other channels are more precise than previous results. We also obtain, in a more precise fashion, the following ratios of branching ratios:K + K −/π+π−=0.323±0.013, π0η′/π0η=0.548±0.056, ηη′/ηη=0.31±0.15, ωη′/ωη=0.515±0.040, π0η/π0π0=0.303±0.010, ηη/π0π0=0.232±0.011 and π0ω/ηω=0.377±0.12. The measurements are made for different η and η′ decays, and we thus obtain Γη→3π 0/Γη→γγ=0.841±0.034, and $$\Gamma _{\eta ' \to \gamma \gamma } /\Gamma _{\eta ' \to \pi ^0 \pi ^0 \eta } = 0.091 \pm 0.009$$ .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01560336
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parallel continuous Runge-Kutta methods and vanishing lag delay differential equations (1993)
    Springer
    Advances in computational mathematics 1 (1993), S. 367-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Delay differential equation ; parallel continuous explicit Runge-Kutta methods ; vanishing lag ; iterated continuous extensions ; primary 65Q05
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We present an explicit Runge-Kutta scheme devised for the numerical solution ofdelay differential equations (DDEs) where a delayed argument lies in the current Runge-Kutta interval. This can occur when the lag is small relative to the stepsize, and the more obvious extensions of the explicit Runge-Kutta method produce implicit equations. It transpires that the scheme is suitable forparallel implementation for solving both ODEs and more general DDEs. We associate our method with a Runge-Kutta tableau, from which the order of the method can be determined. Stability will affect the usefulness of the scheme and we derive the stability equations of the scheme when applied to the constant-coefficient test DDEu′(t)=λu(t) +μu(t −τ), where the lagτ and the Runge-Kutta stepsizeH n ≡H are both constant. (The caseμ=0 is treated separately.) In the case thatμ ≠ 0, we consider the two distinct possibilities: (i)τ ≥H and (ii)τ〈H.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02072017
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On a functional equation of Aczél and Chung (1993)
    Springer
    Aequationes mathematicae 46 (1993), S. 99-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-8903
    Keywords: Primary 39B30, 39B70 ; Secondary 46F99
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This paper is concerned mainly with the functional equation (1) $$\sum\limits_{\imath = 0}^m {F_\imath (\alpha _\imath ,x + \beta _i y)} = \sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {G_k (x)H_k (y)} $$ which is a generalization of the Levi-Civita equation (2) $$f(x + y) = \sum\limits_{k = 1}^N {g_k (x)h_k (y).} $$ For complex valued functions of a real variable, Aczél and Chung [1] have shown that (under certain additional natural assumptions) the locally Lebesgue integrable solutions of (1) are exponential polynomials. Jarai [6] has shown that the local integrability assumption can be weakened to measurability. Our aim is to solve distributional analogues of (1) and (2) and thereby obtain another generalization of the result of Aczél and Chung. Essentially, we will show that (1) can be reduced to (2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01834001
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of single antennal neurons of female cabbage loopers to behaviorally active attractants (1993)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 80 (1993), S. 183-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01226381
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hirota polynomials for the KP and BKP hierarchies (1993)
    Springer
    Letters in mathematical physics 29 (1993), S. 55-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0530
    Keywords: 58F07 ; 05E05 ; 17B67
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using symmetric function techniques, we derive closed-form expressions for the Hirota polynomials for thepth modified KP and BKP hierarchies in terms of Schur and SchurQ-polynomials, respectively. The Hirota polynomials for the BKP hierarchy can also be expressed as Pfaffians while those for thepth modified KP hierarchies can, under certain conditions, be expressed as determinants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00760859
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of fleshy fungi from agricultural fields (1993)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 122 (1993), S. 29-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Biocontrol ; Residue ; Saprophytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thirteen species of fleshy fungi were identified from two agricultural fields during the 1989 and 1990 growing seasons at the Rural Development Center (RDC) and Horticulture Farm, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, Georgia. The three most common fungi wereCoprinus plicatilis, Cyathus olla, andPanaeolina foenisecii. At the former site, residue management practices were established for evaluating crop production and at the Horticulture Farm different crops were grown with conservation tillage employing a Low Input Sustainable Vegetable Production system. Tillage treatments at the RDC were no-till, row-till, ridge-plant, and moldboard-plowing. Residue management of triticale included burning or cutting the stubble at a height of 20 or 60 cm at harvest. At the Horticulture Farm, seven winter cover crops were compared to a fallow control. No significant differences were shown between observations of fungal species and individual treatments at the Horticulture Farm during 1989 and 1990. However, there were treatment differences for observed fungi at the RDC farm on specific dates for both years. Furthermore, no individual treatment(s) during the investigation increased observation rates of specific fungal species. Non-burned debris treatments showed consistently higher populations and diversity of fungi than burn debris plots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103706
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects ofFusarium solani naphthazarin toxins on the cytology and ultrastructure of rough lemon seedlings (1993)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 123 (1993), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Citrus ; Dihydrofusarubin ; Isomarticin ; Phytotoxins Transmission electron microsopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two naphthazarin phytotoxins (dihydrofusarubin and isomarticin) produced byFusarium solani were used to determine their effects on the cytology of leaves of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush) seedlings maintained in a dilute solution of the toxins. Dihydrofusarubin alone or in combination with isomarticin (80:20, v/v) caused cell necrosis above the midveins and lateral veins, plasmolysis or collapse of spongy mesophyll cells, collapse of phloem, depletion of starch, swelling of chloroplasts and disruption of cellular organization. At the ultrastructural level, the toxins affected chloroplast membranes by causing swelling, breaks in outer membranes, granal stack disorganization and swelling of intergranal membranes. The interstromal lamellae appeared as vesicles and sometimes as peripheral reticulum, with an increase in plastoglobuli. The tonoplast was broken or vesiculated. The only membranes not affected by the toxins were those of the nucleus and the mitochondria. This study establishes that the initial toxin effects of these fungal phytotoxins are on organellar membranes, primarily those of the chloroplasts, plasmalemma and tonoplast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01365090
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute toxicity tests and pulsed-dose delayed mortality at 12 and 22°C in the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 24 (1993), S. 389-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Three potential chemical controls (sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and poly[oxyethylene (dimethylimino) ethylene (dimethylimino) ethylene dichloride] (commercial trade name BULAB 6002)) were evaluated for acute toxicity to small adult zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in chronic and pulsed-dose laboratory trials at two temperatures. All three control agents tested effected greater mortality ofD. polymorpha at 22°C than at 12°C. In most cases the mortality level at 12°C was one half or less that incurred at the higher temperature. Analysis of variance showed significant effects of temperature in the case of BULAB 6002 and for hydrogen peroxide; plots of cumulative mortality through time show this trend as well. The relationship between mussel valve length and time-of-death is consistently positive but is significant in few individual treatments, however, when treatments (all concentrations and temperatures) for a single biocide are pooled, the relationship is significant and explains 16–26% of the variance. This suggests that control programs might be more effective if they are initiated whenD. polymorpha are small. Pulsed-dose control programs also are affected by temperature but generally are likely to be more cost-effective than continuous application control programs and would result in lower overall discharge of biocides to surface waters. Hydrogen peroxide at concentrations of 12.0, 20.0, or 30.0 mg/L is a quick acting control agent that probably will have fewer long-term consequences for nontarget organisms in discharge areas or for municipal water users than either BULAB 6002 or, especially, sodium hypochlorite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01128739
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The behavior and identification of toxic metals in complex mixtures: Examples from effluent and sediment pore water toxicity identification evaluations (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 24 (1993), S. 298-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Toxicity caused by heavy metals in environmental samples can be assessed by performing a suite of toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) methods. The behavior of metals during TIEs can vary greatly according to sample matrix. Some approaches and precautions in using TIE to identify metal toxicants in a sample are discussed, using case studies from three effluent and one sediment TIEs. These approaches include responses of metals that erroneously suggest the presence of other toxicants, the bioavailability of metals retained by glass-fiber filtration, and cautionary steps in Phase III to avoid dilution water effects on sample toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01128728
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of the Biofouling Mollusc,Dreissena polymorpha (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae), with sodium hypochlorite and with polyquaternary ammonia and benzothiazole compounds (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 24 (1993), S. 381-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Small adult zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha), 2–8 mm valve length, collected from Lake St. Clair were exposed to a range of concentrations of three biocides in static, acute toxicity tests in the laboratory. Laboratory conditions (22°C; pH 7.8; water hardness ≈ 100 mg/L) were representative of midsummer conditions in the nearshore of Lakes Erie and St. Clair. Mussels actively colonized styrene test substrates which were transferred to three replicate, 1-L test vessels. Sodium hypochlorite was an effective biocide at concentrations exceeding 1.00 mg/L and resulted in complete mortality of mussels by 157 and 264 h at concentrations of 5.00 and 2.50 mg/L, respectively. Poly [oxyethylene (dimethylimino) ethylene (dimethylimino) ethylene dichloride] at 1,2,4 and 8 mg/l and (2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole) at 0.5,1,2 and 4 mg/L resulted in 100% mortality at all concentrations in times ranging from 144 to 250 h and 110 to 192 h, respectively. Biocide concentration significantly affected the mean time of death for all three of the compounds tested. Mussel valve length had a significant positive effect on time of death in (2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole) but only explained a maximum 18% of the variance. Resistance of these actively colonizing mussels to biocides was greater than that found by other laboratory studies, perhaps because of lowered handling stress in our experimental manipulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01128738
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