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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (5)
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  • 1992  (8)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 2386-2391 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electron drift mobilities μe and electron–ion recombination rate constants kr have been measured by the analysis of transient current induced with the irradiation of an x-ray pulse on gaseous or liquid krypton in a cell as a function of external electric field strength. The effects of an external dc electric field on kr up to 12 mTd (1 Td=10−17 V cm2/molecule) in liquid and 63 mTd in gas have been examined. The observed kr values in both liquid and gas phases have been found to be much smaller than those calculated by the reduced Debye equation. The deviation has been compared with recent theoretical studies, leading to the conclusion that recombination in liquid and gaseous krypton is not the usual diffusion-controlled reaction. The kr values in the gas phase increase with an external dc electric field up to a critical electric field strength below which μe values are nearly constant, and above which both kr and μe values descrease with further increase in the electric field for both gaseous and liquid phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 96 (1992), S. 8889-8896 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Emission spectra in the 190–600 nm region produced by electron impact on BCl3 have been studied up to 110 eV. Emission cross sections of the B(2s2p2 2D–2p 2P0) and B(3s 2S–2p 2P0) lines and the BCl(A 1Π–X 1Σ+) band are evaluated to be 4.9±1.0, 4.5±0.7, and (1.9±0.3)×10−18 cm2, respectively, at 100 eV. Formation cross sections of these species have been determined from the analysis of their fluorescence decaying curves. Two continuous emissions observed in the 230–380 and 400–580 nm regions are attributed to the BCl@B|2 band. The fluorescence lifetime of BCl*2 in the 300–342 nm region is obtained to be 1.65±0.2 μs, which is nearly independent of the wavelength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In plasma physics, laser diagnostics were first developed to probe the core region of magnetically confined high-temperature plasmas, but the advent of various new lasers has turned out to be useful for edge plasma studies. The recent developments of various arc and glow discharges for industrial plasma applications have required measurement of the same quantities as in the edge plasma studies and expertise in the latter has been fully exploited for the former. The experience thus gained has then been used for the advantage in the studies of edge plasma behavior in high-temperature plasmas. The interplay of these two fields of plasma studies, where laser diagnostics of plasmas (which we call "laser-aided plasma diagnostics'') is extensively used, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A pulsed dye laser system fully controlled by a microcomputer has been developed as a tunable light source for analytical spectroscopy. The system has 13 dyes with a rapid replacement mechanism and a frequency doubler inside, and any desired wavelength from 220 to 740 nm can be instantaneously generated by the aid of the microcomputer control. The absolute wavelength can be automatically calibrated with a newly developed optogalvanic wavemeter with an accuracy of ±1 cm−1 over the whole spectral range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 2607-2609 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A magnetic force microscope (MFM) using a direct resonance frequency sensor which can be operated in the air has been developed. This instrument is simple and easy to handle because a vacuum system is not needed. The cantilever is used as a resonator in the oscillator, and its oscillating frequency is detected by a frequency modulation (FM) demodulator. A phase locked loop (PLL) FM demodulator is used which is less affected by noise. The cantilever is fabricated by Si microprocessing and its tip formed by precise focused ion beam (FIB) milling. MFM images demonstrate that this instrument has a performance almost the same as that which can be achieved in vacuum. It also has a scanning speed which is approximately 10 times as fast as that of an instrument using conventional slope detection techniques, and its signal-to-noise ratio is comparable to that of conventional systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 46 (1992), S. 1013-1023 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Initially amorphous and semicrystalline films of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) with different molecular weights were drawn by two-stage drawing, that is, coextrusion at low temperatures (25-160°C) followed by tensile drawing at high temperatures (200-245°C). Both films could be drawn up to a draw ratio of 8-10 by this method under controlled conditions. The tensile modulus and strength of drawn samples were greatly affected by the draw temperature for the first stage, predrawn morphology, and molecular weight. The remarkable effects of these variables on the tensile properties are closely related to the difference in the resultant amorphous chain orientation of the samples, reflecting the disentanglements and chain slippage during drawing, and the dissipation of chain orientation after processing.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45 (1992), S. 363-370 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Cresol-formaldehyde resins are important components of photoresists for semiconductor fabrication. The type of methylene bridge and relative amounts thereof are key structural features that determine resin properties. Several model compounds were prepared that represent the various types of methylene bridges that are possible from condensation of meta- and para-cresol with formaldehyde. The methylene bridges were characterized by 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and the assignments made were used to analyze spectra of cresol-formaldehyde novolak resin and several oligomer types. The effect of complexation with metal ion on the methylene bridge chemical shift was investigated for one oligomer. The effect of bridging position on the intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the phenolic hydroxyl group was investigated by infrared spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 26 (1992), S. 1583-1598 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to compare the tissue reactions induced by modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels with other materials implanted in the rabbit cornea. PVA hydrogels with and without covalently bonded collagen were compared to ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and polysulfone discs. These materials were implanted in the rabbit corneal stroma. The resultant tissue reactions were histologically and clinically studied. The PVA hydrogels had high flux rates of glucose and L-lactic acid in vitro. Covalent immobilization of collagen onto their surface was found to render them more biocompatible. However, excessive ulceration and vascularization of the cornea still ocurred in vivo, possibly because of extremely little blinking of the rabbits, which might cause desiccation of the cornea. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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