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  • 1
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    Identification of the 1H-NMR spectra of complex oligosaccharides with artificial neural networks (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-02-01
    Description: Artificial networks can be used to identify hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectra of complex oligosaccharides. Feed-forward neural networks with back-propagation of errors can distinguish between spectra of oligosaccharides that differ by only one glycosyl residue in twenty. The artificial neural networks use features of the strongly overlapping region of the spectra (hump region) as well as features of the resolved regions of the spectra (structural reporter groups) to recognize spectra and efficiently recognized 1H-NMR spectra even when the spectra were perturbed by minor variations in their chemical shifts. Identification of spectra by neural network-based pattern recognition techniques required less than 0.1 second. It is anticipated that artificial neural networks can be used to identify the structures of any complex carbohydrate that has been previously characterized and for which a 1H-NMR spectrum is available.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meyer, B -- Hansen, T -- Nute, D -- Albersheim, P -- Darvill, A -- York, W -- Sellers, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Feb 1;251(4993):542-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Athens, GA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1990429" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Artificial Intelligence ; Carbohydrate Conformation ; Carbohydrate Sequence ; *Glucans ; Hydrogen ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligosaccharides/*chemistry ; Polysaccharides/*chemistry ; *Xylans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Multiple representations of pain in human cerebral cortex (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-03-15
    Description: The representation of pain in the cerebral cortex is less well understood than that of any other sensory system. However, with the use of magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in humans, it has now been demonstrated that painful heat causes significant activation of the contralateral anterior cingulate, secondary somatosensory, and primary somatosensory cortices. This contrasts with the predominant activation of primary somatosensory cortex caused by vibrotactile stimuli in similar experiments. Furthermore, the unilateral cingulate activation indicates that this forebrain area, thought to regulate emotions, contains an unexpectedly specific representation of pain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Talbot, J D -- Marrett, S -- Evans, A C -- Meyer, E -- Bushnell, M C -- Duncan, G H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 15;251(4999):1355-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de neurophysiologie comportementale, Faculte de medecine dentaire, Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2003220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Anxiety/physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Functional Laterality ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Crystal structure of osmylated c60: confirmation of the soccer ball framework (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-04-12
    Description: An x-ray crystal structure that confirms the soccer ball-shaped carbon framework of C(60) (buckminsterfullerene) is reported. An osmyl unit was added to C(60) in order to break its pseudospherical symmetry and give an ordered crystal. The crystal structure of this derivative, C(60)(OsO(4))(4-tert-butylpyridine)(2), reveals atomic positions within the carbon cluster.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hawkins, J M -- Meyer, A -- Lewis, T A -- Loren, S -- Hollander, F J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Apr 12;252(5003):312-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17769278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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