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  • Chemistry  (1,202)
  • Molecular Sequence Data  (130)
  • Engineering  (84)
  • 2020-2020
  • 1995-1999  (723)
  • 1990-1994  (693)
  • 1996  (723)
  • 1991  (693)
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  • 2020-2020
  • 1995-1999  (723)
  • 1990-1994  (693)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(sodium acrylamidoalkanoate) s: Syntheses and solution properties in relation to flocculation study in water treatment (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 225-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The micelle-forming monomers of sodium 6-acrylamidocaproate (Na 6-AAC), sodium 11-acrylamidoundecanoate (Na 11-AAU), sodium 11-(N-methylacrylamido) undecanoate (Na 11-MAAU), and sodium 11-(N-ethylacrylamido) undecanoate (Na 11-EAAU) have been synthesized and polymerized. Except poly(Na 6-AAC), the molecular weights of the other three poly(sodium acrylamidoalkanoate) s were over 106. They behave as strong anionic polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions. Their solution properties, such as viscosity, charge density, and radius of gyration, were investigated. The performance of these anionic polyelectrolytes as coagulant aids in water treatment were assessed by jar test. Poly(Na 6-AAC) and poly (Na 11-AAU) were superior to poly (Na 11-MAAU) and poly (Na 11-EAAU) in terms of flocs settling. All these four anionic polyelectrolytes tested in water treatment are as effective as a commercially available cationic polyamine organic coagulant (Hyperfloc CP 753).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420127
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toward high-performance computational chemistry: II. A scalable self-consistent field program (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 17 (1996), S. 124-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: We discuss issues in developing scalable parallel algorithms and focus on the distribution, as opposed to the replication, of key data structures. Replication of large data structures limits the maximum calculation size by imposing a low ratio of processors to memory. Only applications which distribute both data and computation across processors are truly scalable. The use of shared data structures that may be independently accessed by each process even in a distributed memory environment greatly simplifies development and provides a significant performance enhancement. We describe tools we have developed to support this programming paradigm. These tools are used to develop a highly efficient and scalable algorithm to perform self-consistent field calculations on molecular systems. A simple and classical strip-mining algorithm suffices to achieve an efficient and scalable Fock matrix construction in which all matrices are fully distributed. By strip mining over atoms, we also exploit all available sparsity and pave the way to adopting more sophisticated methods for summation of the Coulomb and exchange interactions. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recovery of copper and cobalt by biopolymer gels (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 37 (1991), S. 266-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The recovery of copper from synthetic aqueous media circulating in a loop fluidized bed reactor operated batchwise was investigated by using the following biopolymer systems: (1) a viscous solution of sodium alginate (from kelp) dispensed directly into the reactor fluid containing dissolved copper (sulfate salt) at initial concentrations of 60-200 ppm, (2) partially coagulated calcium alginate spheres for absorbing dissolved copper at initial concentrations of 10-40 ppm, and (3) a mixture of green algae Microcystis and sodium alginate dispensed directly into the reactor fluid. The recovery of copper and cobalt, a strategic metal, from cobalt ore leachate was achieved by a two-step approach: direct dispensing of sodium alginate to absorb the bulk of metals followed by the addition of partially coagulated calcium alginate spheres to “polish” the leachate. Metal binding capacity and conditional stability constant of each biopolymer system as well as the effective diffusivity of cupric ion in the matrix of biopolymer gels are reported.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260370309
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanocrystal gold moleculesThe authors thank A. Wilkinson for discussion of early X-ray measurements; W. B. Carter for permission to mention photoelectron spectroscopic results, M. Duncan, J. Amster, T. P. Martin, and S. Frank for assistance in confirming and extending the mass spectrometry results; M. Shafigullin for help in analyzing structural models; L. Saldana for performing spectroscopic and stability measurements; R. Whyman for stimulating discussions; and R. Andres for communication of results prior to publication. Financial support has been provided by the Georgia Tech Research Foundation, the Packard Foundation and the Office of Naval Research (to RLW), and the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (to CC, WDL, and UL). Calculations were performed on CRAY computers at the National Energy Research Supercomputer Center, Livermore, California, and at the GIT Center for Computational Materials Science. (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 8 (1996), S. 428-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19960080513
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the Editor (1996)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 38 (1996), S. 437-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360380402
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of minimum thickness and terraced free-standing films of block copolymers (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 3081-3093 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: block copolymers ; thin films ; cross-sectional TEM ; terraces ; defects ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The morphologies of thin, substrate-free block copolymer films have been examined by cross-sectional TEM. Two poly(styrene-b-butadiene) diblock copolymers were studied: one that forms PS cylinders and the other that forms PB cylinders in the bulk. Films were annealed while supported by metal TEM grids, embedded, and ultramicrotomed in crosssection. We find that at the metal support the film forms a meniscus-like region, or Plateau border, which exhibits the bulk morphology. Away from the border, the film thickness decreases and regions of terraced in-plane cylinder domains occur until a minimum thickness is reached. The minimum thickness region of the PB majority copolymer in cross-section shows a PS interlayer penetrated by a hexagonal array of circular PB channels that connect upper and lower PB surface layers, and a total thickness of 25-27 nm. The minimum thickness region of the PS majority copolymer in plan view shows no image contrast, but in cross-section reveals a continuous PS interlayer covered by layers of PB, and a total thickness of 20 nm. Comparisons with the chain dimensions suggest a bilayer arrangement for both morphologies with strongly perturbed chain conformations in the surface layers. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of hard segments of polyurethane on cell growth (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 41 (1996), S. 419-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: polyurethane ; cell growth ; phase separation ; hydrogen bonding index ; cytotoxicity ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyurethanes (PU) with suitable soft segments have been found to be good blood-compatible polymers and have attracted much attention recently. In this study, various molar amounts of 4,4′-methylene bisphenyl isocyanate reacted with poly(tetramethylene oxide) were synthesized to explore the optimal ratio of hard/soft segments for cell attachment and proliferation in in vitro systems. Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis were used to determine the physical properties, hydrogen bonding index (HBI) and transmission electron microscopy to observe the phase-separation phenomena in the materials, and 3T3 fibroblast to evaluate the dependence of the cell proliferation at 37°C on the material properties. Our results show that cell attachment and proliferation are closely related to the cell growth surface, which in turn is controlled by (1) the ratio of hard to total segment concentration and (2) the recrystallization temperature (Tc) of PU. To obtain a good cell growth surface, the ratio of hard to total segment concentration is found to be between 0.4 and 0.6, and HBI is between 1.5 and 2.1. Furthermore, when the Tc of PU is near the physiology temperature, a stable surface for cell growth can be provided. The shorter molecules in the soft segment region can rearrange the molecular chain at 37°C.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of forms of collagen linked to polyurethane on endothelial cell growth (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 32 (1996), S. 645-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Collagen has been widely coated or grafted onto polymer surfaces to improve the biocompatibility of materials. To better support the growth of endothelial cells on polyurethane (PU), collagen was grafted to the carboxyl group enriched PU through 1,2-bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy)ethane linking. Our results demonstrated that collagen in various conditions may result in different forms being grafted to the PU substrate, which subsequently affected the growth of endothelial cells. Collagen predialyzed against physiological phosphate buffered saline (PBS) could be reconstituted into native type fibrils with a bigger diameter at 37°C than could collagen neutralized by titration with NaOH. At low temperature, titrated collagen formed flosslike fibrils packed in a ball with cobblestonelike morphology. The amount of collagen grafted was related to the condition of the collagen used, which in consequence affected the diameter of the collagen fibril formed and the growth of endothelial cells. In conclusion, reconstituted collagen fibrils formed from collagen in PBS at 37°C grafted in the highest amounts to an epoxy-PU substrate and that optimally supported the growth of endothelial cells. Such prepared materials may be potentially good vascular bioprosthetic materials and may provide a wide range of biological applications. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
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    A bacterial system for investigating transport effects of cystic fibrosis--associated mutations (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-10-04
    Description: LIV-I, a high-affinity system that transports neutral, branched-chain amino acids into Escherichia coli, has two components, LivG and LivF, that are homologous to the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CF-associated mutations of human CFTR were introduced into corresponding regions of LivG, and their effects on leucine transport could be grouped into three classes. Mutations were found that (i) abolished LIV-I--directed transport, (ii) retained about a quarter of wild-type activity at the Michaelis-Menten constant (KM), and (iii) had minimal activity at the KM. A mutation equivalent to a benign polymorphism had no effect on transport. The correlation of these mutational phenotypes in LivG and CFTR suggests that the LIV-I prokaryotic transporter is functionally similar to the CF protein and that this similarity can be exploited to clarify the properties of the nucleotide-binding fold in this superfamily of proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibson, A L -- Wagner, L M -- Collins, F S -- Oxender, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Oct 4;254(5028):109-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1718037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacterial Proteins/*genetics ; Biological Transport, Active ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leucine/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Binding ; Restriction Mapping ; Sequence Alignment ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Inability of malaria vaccine to induce antibodies to a protective epitope within its sequence (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-02-08
    Description: Saimiri monkeys immunized with a recombinant protein containing 20 copies of the nine amino acid repeat of the Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite (CS) protein developed high concentrations of antibodies to the repeat sequence and to sporozoites, but were not protected against challenge. After intravenous injection of an immunoglobulin G3 monoclonal antibody (NVS3) against irradiated P. vivax sporozoites, four of six monkeys were protected against sporozoite-induced malaria, and the remaining two animals took significantly longer to become parasitemic. Epitope mapping demonstrated that NVS3 recognizes only four (AGDR) of the nine amino acids within the repeat region of the P. vivax CS protein. The monkeys immunized with (DRAADGQPAG)20 did not produce antibodies to the protective epitope AGDR. Thus, determination of the fine specificity of protective immune responses may be critical to the construction of successful subunit vaccines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Charoenvit, Y -- Collins, W E -- Jones, T R -- Millet, P -- Yuan, L -- Campbell, G H -- Beaudoin, R L -- Broderson, J R -- Hoffman, S L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Feb 8;251(4994):668-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Infectious Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1704150" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antibodies, Protozoan/*immunology ; Antigens, Protozoan/*immunology ; Epitopes ; Immunization, Passive ; Malaria/immunology/*prevention & control ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments/immunology ; Plasmodium vivax/*immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Saimiri ; Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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