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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (6)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (2)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (8)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1965-1969
  • 1990  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal and magnetic properties of Bi2CuO4 (abstract) (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5761-5761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Since the discovery of the high-Tc superconductors, there is a great interest in the magnetic properties of copper oxides due to the possibility of a magnetic origin of the pairing mechanism. With this perspective, we decide to reinvestigate the structure and the magnetic properties of Bi2CuO4, a compound we use successfully as precursor of the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu high-Tc superconductors. A neutron powder diffraction experiment allowed us to resolve the ambiguity in the structure, and revealed the existence of a magnetic phase transition to a 3D antiferromagnetic ordered state below 50 K. The nuclear structure can be described as formed by stacks of CuO4 units in the c-axis direction, linked in the stacks and with units in other stacks by BiO2 chains, so each stack is connected with four stacks. The space group was confirmed to be P4/ncc. The magnetic space group is P4/n'cc. There is a ferromagnetic ordering of the magnetic moments on Cu atoms along the stacks, and an antiferromagnetic ordering between the stacks. We present an interpretation of the magnetic properties of this compound, at the light of our previous results, and a discussion of a calorimetric experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.345956
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lithium niobate stress gauge current diagnostic for noninductive measurement of fast-rise-time multimegampere currents (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 4917-4928 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Accurate modeling of load behavior in Z-pinch plasma radiation sources driven by high-current generators requires the measurement of fast-rise-time multimegampere currents close to the load. Conventional current diagnostics mounted in inductive cavities (such as B-dot loops and Rogowski coils) fail at small radius because of electrical breakdown produced by high dI/dt. In this paper, we describe the use of large-signal, nanosecond-time-resolution lithium niobate piezoelectric stress gauges to directly measure the magnetic pressure B2/2μ0=μ0I2/8π2r2 generated at radius r by a current I flowing in a radial transmission line. Current measurements have been performed at radius r=2.54×10−2 m on Sandia National Laboratories' Proto-II (10 TW) and SATURN (30 TW) gas puff Z-pinch experiments with maximum currents of 10.1 MA and dI/dt to 2.1×1014 A/s. Comparisons with Faraday rotation and B-dot current diagnostic measurements at large radius are presented. Bremsstrahlung noise problems unique to the SATURN gas puff source are discussed. For a Y-cut lithium niobate stress gauge on a pure tungsten electrode, current densities up to I/2πr=78 MA/m can be measured before the electrode yield strength and the piezoelectric operating stress limit are exceeded. Above the Hugoniot elastic limit of the electrode material, the dynamic range and accuracy of the diagnostic are greatly reduced, but it appears that the technique can be extended to higher current densities using an X-cut quartz piezoelectric element and a tungsten-sapphire electrode impedance stack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347077
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling transport in toroidal plasmas: Status and issues (1990)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 2913-2925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The scope and detail of physics contained in computational models for fluid (density, momentum, energy) transport in toroidal plasmas have steadily increased during the past two decades. There has been considerable success in the development and verification of models for sources and sinks of particles, energy, momentum, and magnetic flux. Transport codes have collectively become very useful tools in interpreting experimental data and in providing guidance for new experiments. However, a more thorough understanding of the fundamental transport processes of magnetically confined plasmas and development of improved computational models are needed to enhance the predictive capabilities of transport codes. It is argued that fluid transport modeling by itself cannot lead to a complete understanding of transport—there must be a very strong collaboration among theory, experiment, and modeling on both the fluid and kinetic levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859360
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure and magnetism of Co(HPO3)⋅H2O: A novel layered compound of Co(II) (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5998-6000 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The crystal structure and magnetic properties of Co(HPO3)⋅H2O have been determined. The solid crystallizes in space group Pca21, a=8.984(2) A(ring), b=7.918(2) A(ring), c=10.139(8) A(ring), V=721.2 A(ring)3. Z=4 dcalc =2.89 g/cm3. The structure consists of layers only connected by hydrogen bonds. These layers can be viewed as formed by zigzag chains of edge-sharing Co(II)O6 octahedra interconnected by a three atom bridge (O-P-O) and a single oxygen bridge. ac magnetic susceptibility measurements show a sharp peak at Tc =(10.8±0.1) K, and are consistent with a transition from one- to two-dimensional magnetic order, in agreement with the structure. An analysis of the χT/C vs ε=(1−Tc/T) data in the critical region, for T〉Tc, using a double-logarithmic plot, yields a critical exponent γ=1.75 for 0.01〈ε〈0.1, which correspond to a two-dimensional Ising model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346042
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methods of calculating the Barkas-effect correction to Bethe–Bloch stopping power (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 6613-6620 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The low-velocity Barkas-effect correction term for the Bethe–Bloch stopping-power formula has been calculated with each of the three extant formalisms for targets with atomic numbers from 1 to 18 and for projectile velocities from 0.025c to 0.3c. Comparison of each with measurements on aluminum revealed which formalism provided the best fit over three different projectile velocity intervals. The method yielding the generally superior agreement was used to calculate the stopping power of each element (except Li, F, Na, Mg, P, and Cl) for protons and alpha particles with energies between 0.5 and 5.0 MeV. Results corresponded very closely to those of an existing fit to most known experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.345094
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recommended Bethe–Bloch stopping power parameters for Kapton and Havar (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 1639-1642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Previous measurements of the stopping power of Kapton and Havar for 1.1–4.4-MeV protons have been analyzed with modified Bethe–Bloch theory in order to extract some of the parameters required in the formalism. Results suggest the possibility of systematic errors, in that the Havar data appear to have been slightly high and the Kapton data quite low when compared with other reported measurements. Currently recommended values of the mean excitation energy and Barkas-effect parameter are, respectively, 79 eV and 1.34 (Kapton) and 296 eV and 1.36 (Havar). The need for further accurate measurements for Kapton in particular is emphasized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.345630
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  • 7
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    The strange periodic comet machholz (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-03-02
    Description: The recently discovered periodic comet Machholz 1986 VIII (1986e) travels closer to the sun than any known planet and any known comet with an orbital period of less than 150 years, thus providing astronomers with a unique object for studying cometary evolution. The comet is spiraling steadily closer to the sun, from perihelion distance q [unknown] 0.9 astronomical unit at about A.D. 700 to q [unknown] 0.13 at present (orbital period, 5.25 years), to an expected q [unknown] 0.03 by about 2450; should the comet survive such increasingly close perihelion passages, q will begin steadily to increase shortly thereafter. A review of observations made since discovery is presented, together with a discussion of numerical investigations of the comet's orbit over 4000 years and prospects for observing the upcoming return to perihelion in 1991.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, D W -- Rickman, H -- Porter, A C -- Meech, K J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Mar 2;247(4946):1063-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17800064" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    AIDS--the leading cause of adult death in the West African City of Abidjan, Ivory Coast (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-08-17
    Description: In 1988 to 1989, 698 adult cadavers in Abidjan's two largest morgues were studied, representing 38 to 43% of all adult deaths in the city over the study period, and 6 to 7% of annual deaths. Forty-one percent of male and 32% of female cadavers were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Fifteen percent of adult male and 13% of adult female annual deaths are due to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In Abidjan, AIDS is the leading cause of death and years of potential life lost in adult men, followed by unintentional injuries and tuberculosis. In women, AIDS is the second leading cause of death and premature mortality, after deaths related to pregnancy and abortion. AIDS-specific and AIDS-proportional mortality rates may be higher in other African cities where AIDS has been found for a longer time than in Abidjan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉De Cock, K M -- Barrere, B -- Diaby, L -- Lafontaine, M F -- Gnaore, E -- Porter, A -- Pantobe, D -- Lafontant, G C -- Dago-Akribi, A -- Ette, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Aug 17;249(4970):793-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2167515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/*mortality ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Africa ; Cause of Death ; Cote d'Ivoire ; Female ; HIV Seropositivity ; HIV-1/immunology ; HIV-2/immunology ; Humans ; Male
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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