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  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (7)
  • Cell Line
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • 2006  (2)
  • 1990  (10)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1990-08-10
    Description: The interaction of the T cell receptor for antigen (TCR) with its antigen-major histocompatibility complex ligand is difficult to study because both are cell surface multimers. The TCR consists of two chains (alpha and beta) that are complexed to the five or more nonpolymorphic CD3 polypeptides. A soluble form of the TCR was engineered by replacing the carboxyl termini of alpha and beta with signal sequences from lipid-linked proteins, making them susceptible to enzymatic cleavage. In this manner, TCR heterodimers can be expressed independently of the CD3 polypeptides and in significant quantities (0.5 milligram per week). This technique seems generalizable to biochemical and structural studies of many other cell surface molecules as well.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, A Y -- Devaux, B -- Green, A -- Sagerstrom, C -- Elliott, J F -- Davis, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Aug 10;249(4969):677-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1696397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkaline Phosphatase/genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, CD3 ; Antigens, CD55 ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/genetics ; Cell Line ; Complement Inactivator Proteins/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy ; Protein Sorting Signals/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2006-08-05
    Description: Immunity-related p47 guanosine triphosphatases (IRG) play a role in defense against intracellular pathogens. We found that the murine Irgm1 (LRG-47) guanosine triphosphatase induced autophagy and generated large autolysosomal organelles as a mechanism for the elimination of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We also identified a function for a human IRG protein in the control of intracellular pathogens and report that the human Irgm1 ortholog, IRGM, plays a role in autophagy and in the reduction of intracellular bacillary load.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Singh, Sudha B -- Davis, Alexander S -- Taylor, Gregory A -- Deretic, Vojo -- AI42999/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI45148/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI57831/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI057831/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007538/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 8;313(5792):1438-41. Epub 2006 Aug 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16888103" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Autophagy ; Cell Line ; Cytosol/metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/immunology ; Lysosomes/metabolism/microbiology/ultrastructure ; Macrophages/*immunology/*microbiology ; Mice ; Microbial Viability ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism ; Mycobacterium bovis/*immunology/physiology ; Phagosomes/metabolism/microbiology/*ultrastructure ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transfection ; Vacuoles/metabolism/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2006-08-19
    Description: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are a group of inherited disorders of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fatigable muscle weakness. One major subgroup of patients shows a characteristic "limb girdle" pattern of muscle weakness, in which the muscles have small, simplified neuromuscular junctions but normal acetylcholine receptor and acetylcholinesterase function. We showed that recessive inheritance of mutations in Dok-7, which result in a defective structure of the neuromuscular junction, is a cause of CMS with proximal muscle weakness.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beeson, David -- Higuchi, Osamu -- Palace, Jackie -- Cossins, Judy -- Spearman, Hayley -- Maxwell, Susan -- Newsom-Davis, John -- Burke, Georgina -- Fawcett, Peter -- Motomura, Masakatsu -- Muller, Juliane S -- Lochmuller, Hanns -- Slater, Clarke -- Vincent, Angela -- Yamanashi, Yuji -- G117/490/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 29;313(5795):1975-8. Epub 2006 Aug 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK. dbeeson@hammer.imm.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16917026" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; *Frameshift Mutation ; Genes, Recessive ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Muscle Weakness/physiopathology ; Mutation ; Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital/*genetics/pathology/physiopathology ; Neuromuscular Junction/*pathology/*physiopathology ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/physiology ; Receptors, Cholinergic/metabolism/physiology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Synaptic Transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Long-wave instabilities in a directionally-solidified binary mixture may occur in several limits. Sivashinsky (1983) identified a small-segregation-coefficient limit and obtained a weakly nonlinear evolution equation governing subcritical two-dimensional bifurcation. Brattkus and Davis (1988) identified a near-absolute-stability limit and obtained a strongly nonlinear evolution equation governing supercritical two-dimensional bifurcation. The present investigation identifies a third strongly nonlinear evolution equation, arising in the small-segregation-coefficient, large-surface-energy limit. This equation links both of the former and describes the change from the sub- to super-critical bifurcations. This study sets the previous long-wave analyses into a logical framework.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics (ISSN 0036-1399); 50; 420-436
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A binary liquid undergoes unidirectional solidification. The one-dimensional steady state is susceptible to morphological instability that causes the solid/liquid interface to change from a planar state to a cellular pattern. This paper examines the effects on this transition of volume-change convection, buoyancy-driven convection or forced flows. It emphasizes how flows alter stability limits, create scale and pattern changes in morphology, and create, through coupling, new instabilities. Emphasis is placed on the physical mechanisms of the interactions.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (ISSN 0022-1120); 212; 241-262
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A binary liquid that undergoes directional solidification is susceptible to morphological and solutal-convective instabilities that cause the solid/liquid interface to change from a planar to a cellular state. This paper gives derivations for those long-wave evolution equations that describe the weak couplings between convection and interface morphology and gives some analytical results obtainable from these.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: IMA Journal of Applied Mathematics (ISSN 0272-4960); 45; 3, 19; 267-285
    Format: text
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Following the Shuttle 51-L accident, an investigation was conducted to determine the cause of the failure. Investigators at the Langley Research Center focused attention on the structural behavior of the field joints with O-ring seals in the steel solid rocket booster (SRB) cases. The shell-of-revolution computer program BOSOR4 was used to model the aft field joint of the solid rocket booster case. The shell model consisted of the SRB wall and joint geometry present during the Shuttle 51-L flight. A parametric study of the joint was performed on the geometry, including joint clearances, contact between the joint components, and on the loads, induced and applied. In addition combinations of geometry and loads were evaluated. The analytical results from the parametric study showed that contact between the joint components was a primary contributor to allowing hot gases to blow by the O-rings. Based upon understanding the original joint behavior, various proposed joint modifications are shown and analyzed in order to provide additional insight and information. Finally, experimental results from a hydro-static pressurization of a test rocket booster case to study joint motion are presented and verified analytically.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-TM-102748 , NAS 1.15:102748
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An incompressible, turbulent, swirl-free flow through a circular-to-rectangular transition duct was studied experimentally. The cross-sectional geometry all along the duct was defined using the equation of a superellipse. The three mean velocity components and the six Reynolds stress components were measured at two axial stations downstream from the transition. It is shown that a secondary flow vortex pair which develops along the duct sidewalls significantly distorts the mean and turbulence fields. At the duct exit, the flow is not in local equilibrium, but recovers to local equilibrium conditions in the rectangular extension duct. Analysis demonstrates that conventional wall functions are not applicable at all streamwise locations in the duct.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 90-1505
    Format: text
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Two- and three-dimensional Navier-Stokes analyses are used to predict unsteady viscous rotor-stator interacting flow in the presence of a combustor hot streak. Predicted results are presented for a two-dimensional three-stator/four-rotor, a two-dimensional one-stator/one-rotor, and a three-dimensional one-stator/one-rotor simulation of hot streak migration through a turbine stage. Comparison of these results with experimental data demonstrates the capability of the three-dimensional procedure to capture most of the flow physics associated with hot streak migration including the effects of combustor hot streaks on turbine rotor surface temperatures. It is noted that blade count ratio has little effect on predicted time-averaged surface pressure and temperature distributions, but a substantial effect on the unsteady flow characteristics. It is shown that high-temperature hot streak fluid accumulates on the pressure surface of the rotor blades, resulting in a high time-averaged surface temperature 'hot spots'.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 90-2354
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The deformation of a viscous drop, driven by buoyancy toward a solid surface or a deformable interface, is analyzed in the asymptotic limit of small Bond number, for which the deformation becomes important only when the drop is close to the solid surface or interface. Lubrication theory is used to describe the flow in the thin gap between the drop and the solid surface or interface, and boundary-integral theory is used in the fluid phases on either side of the gap. The evolution of the drop shape is traced from a relatively undeformed state until a dimple is formed and a long-time quasi-steady-state pattern is established. A wide range of drop to suspending phase viscosity ratios is examined. It is shown that a dimple is always formed, independently of the viscosity ratio, and that the long-time thinning rates take simple forms as inverse fractional powers of time.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (ISSN 0022-1120); 217; 547-573
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