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  • Articles  (12)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (7)
  • Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics  (3)
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology  (1)
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • 1985-1989  (12)
  • 1988  (12)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 1517-1524 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Kinetic studies were carried out on the reaction between ethylenediamine and dimeric fatty acids in melt phase. The reaction was performed at 124, 130, 145, 160, 174, and 190°C and followed by determining the acid value of the product. The polyamidation reaction was found to be of overall second order with an activation energy of 18.2 kcal/g mol up to 90% conversion and of overall third order with an activation energy of 16.4 kcal/g mol above 90% conversion.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 39 (1988), S. 135-142 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einfluß des Deltaferritgehalts auf die Korrosionsbeständigkeit von mit Stahl 316 plattierten MetallenAustenitische Plattierungen mit Stahl 316 wurden durch Schutzgas-Metall-Lichtbogenschweißen und Unterpulverschweißen mit Elektroden aus 316 L auf niedrig gekohltem Kesselblech (SA 515 Gr 60) hergestellt, wobei Stahl 309 L als Sperrschicht mittels Unterpulverschwei-ßen aufgebracht wurde. Der Wärmeeintrag beim Schweißen wurde variiert, um in der Plattierung unterschiedliche Ferritgehalte einzustellen. Die plattierten Proben wurden nach dem Schweißen wärmebehandelt (650°C, 50 und 200 h). Die oberste Plattierungsschicht wurde abgetragen und die Proben anschließend auf Anfälligkeit für interkristalline Korrosion untersucht (ASTM A-262-75, A, B, C und E, d.h. 10% Oxalsäure, elektrolytisch, Eisensulfat + 50% ige Schwefelsäure; 65%ige Salpetersäure; Kupfer/Kupfersulfat -16%ige Schwefelsäure); außerdem wurde auch ein ätzversuch bei kontrolliertem Potential durchgefüuhrt.Die Untersuchung hat gezeigt, daß der Ferritgehalt der Plattierung mit zunehmender Stromstärke abnimmt. Der Anteil des umgewandelten Ferrits nach der Wärmebehandlung nach dem Schweißen war in den Plattierungen mit niedrigem Wärmeeintrag und hohem Ferritgehalt etwas erhöht. Die Wärmebehandlung im Anschluß an das Schweißen führte zum Sprödbruch von Plattierungen mit hohem Ferritgehalt (〉 als 10%).Der Korrosionsangriff des Ferrits ist abhängig vom jeweiligen Medium: 65% ige Schwefelsäure treibt den Ferrit bevorzugt an, während in Eisensulfat-Schwefelsäure der Ferrit intakt bleibt, der Austenit hingegen angegriffen wird. Keine der untersuchten Proben war im unbehandelten Plattierungszustand oder nach Wärmebehandlung anfällig für interkristalline Korrosion in Kupfer/Kupfersulfat -16% Schwefelsäure. Proben mit niedrigem Ferritgehalt (3,55%), die nach dem Schweißen wärmebehandelt wurde, wiesen an der Grenzfläche zwischen zwei benachbarten Schichten Korngrenzenausscheidungen auf. Im allgemeinen hat sich der Ferrit als günstig für das Korrosions-verhalten von plattierten Metallen nach Wärmebehandlung erwiesen. Der Wärmeeintrag im untersuchten Bereich führte zu keiner wesentlichen Beeinflussung der Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit.
    Notes: Austenitic claddings of type 316 were obtained by SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) and SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) processes, using type 316 L electrodes on low carbon boiler steel (SA 515 Gr 60) with type 309 L as a barrier layer deposited by the SAW process. Welding heat input was changed in order to obtain different ferrite contents in the cladding. The clad samples were post-weld heat treated at 650°C for 50 and 200 h. The top layer of the cladding was removed and the specimens were then subjected to intergranular corrosion tests (ASTM A-262-75, practices A, B, C and E, viz. 10% oxalic acid electrolytic etch; ferric sulfate -50% sulfuric acid; 65% nitric acid and copper-copper sulfate -16% sulfuric acid tests) and controlled potential etching test.The study indicated that the ferrite content of the cladding decreases with increasing current. Ferrite transformed after PWHT (post weld heat treatment) was relatively more in claddings obtained with low heat input and containing high ferrite content in the as-clad condition. PWHT led to brittle fracture of high ferrite claddings (above 10 FN).The corrosion attack of ferrite was found to depend on environment. 65% nitric acid attacked ferrite preferentially, whereas in acid-ferric sulfate, ferrite was intact and austenite was attacked. No sample exhibited susceptibility to intergranular corrosion in the as-clad or PWHT conditions in the copper-copper sulfate -16% acid test. However, PWHT specimens with low ferrite contents (3.55 FN) exhibited grain boundary precipitation at the interface of two adjacent layers. In general, ferrite was found to be beneficial in controlling corrosion rates of clad metals after PWHT. Heat input, within the range studied, did not affect the corrosion rates significantly.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 157 (1988), S. 177-187 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Kinetik der alkalischen Hydrolyse von Glimmer-Acrylnitril-Pfropfcopolymeren wurde untersucht. Die Abhängigkeit des Verseifungsgrades von der Alkalikonzentration und der Hydrolysezeit wurde bestimmt. Chemische und spektroskopische Techniken wurden zur Bestimmung des Hydrolysemechanismus herangezogen.
    Notes: Kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of mica-acrylonitrile graft copolymers was studied. The dependence of alkali concentration and the time of hydrolysis on the degree of saponification was determined. Chemical and spectroscopical techniques were used to determine the mechanism of hydrolysis.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 231-236 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The geometry of Mn5 in rare gas matrices has been proposed to be a planar pentagon with 25 unpaired electrons. Simple unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF) calculations have been carried out using a basis of STO-6G for 1s, 2s, and 2p orbitals with STO-4G for 3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, and 4p in the HONDO5 program. The structure is optimized at the UHF level using the analytic gradient formalism for a planar pentagon. Binding energies and spinmixing are given for the optimized structure.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 95-101 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Residues 23-26 (Gly-, Phe-, Phe-, Tyr) of the B-chain of insulin constitute a critical area of the receptor-binding region of the molecule. Three chemically distinct mutant insulins have recently been identified in patients with NIDDM, each involving substitution of either B24 of B25 phenylalanine. Two of the mutations have been unambiguously characterized: a B25 phenylalanine-to-leucine substitution [B25(Phe → Leu)], and the other, a B24 phenylalanine-to-serine [B24 (Phe → Ser)]. We have calculated the preferred conformations of normal and mutant insulins using a global optimization method developed by us earlier. The mutant insulins exhibit significant alterations in conformation and in the average distances between amino acid side-chains as compared to normal insulin. Therefore, the decreased binding affinity of mutant insulin could be either due to an alteration in the nature of the substituted residue (hydrophilic in place of hydrophobic) or to the alteration in one or more critical side-chain distances in the case of a hydrophobic to hydrophobic substitution.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 34 (1988), S. 287-296 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ground state energetics and equilibrium geometries of neutral and positively and negatively charged clusters of Li3, Li2H, Li2Na, Li2Mg, and Na2Li have been obtained from a self-consistent field-linear combination of atomic orbitals-molecular orbital calculations within the Hartree-Fock approximation. The correlation energies are included perturbatively using the Möller-Plesset scheme up to the fourth order. The geometries of all negatively charged clusters are found to be linear with bond lengths that are, in general, larger than their neutral or cationic counterparts. The adiabatic electron affinities and ionization potentials are calculated and compared with earlier theoretical results. The addition of an electron to the neutral cluster is found to stabilize the cluster further against dissociation. The spatial distribution of the electrons in these clusters is studied to determine the extent to which electrons added or taken out are localized in the clusters. Mulliken population analysis is also used to elaborate the charge state of the anionic and cationic clusters.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 26 (1988), S. 3-10 
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 137 (1988), S. 577-582 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Pentoxifylline is used clinically for the treatment of intermittent claudication. It is believed to exert its effect by altering the rheologic properties of blood. The cytoskeleton plays an important role in the maintenance of cell structure and function. In particular, alterations in the state of actin seem to play an important role in cell motility. Therefore, we examined the effect of pentoxifylline on the actin state in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and mononuclear cells. Pentoxifylline (10 mM final concentration) decreased F-actin content in both PMN and mononuclear cells. Pentoxifylline also inhibited concanavalin A-induced capping in PMN and mononuclear cells. Similarly, surface immunoglobulin capping in B lymphocytes was also inhibited. Pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin did not inhibit pentoxifylline-induced decrease in F-actin, suggesting pentoxifylline does not act through pertussis toxin-sensitive G-proteins. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP failed to show any significant effect on the F-actin content in PMN. Therefore, the effect of pentoxifylline cannot be attributed to changes in cyclic AMP levels. Chemotactic peptide-induced actin polymerization was unaffected in PMN when expressed as percent change in F-actin. The observations reported here suggest that the rheological effects of pentoxifylline might be due to its effects on the actin state in the cellular elements of the blood. Further studies on the mechanism of action of pentoxifylline on actin state in leukocytes will prove useful in delineating the physiological mechanisms regulating actin state in leukocytes.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 13 (1988), S. 52-54 
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Suitability of a number of metal based igniter compositions have been studied for magnesium based fuel rich propellant. Igniter compositions have been tested in closed vessel for evaluation of ignition pressure output and impetus. Heat energy values were determined calorimetrically in a closed bomb. Vented vessel study was carried out in a test motor for assessing relative behaviour and to select a suitable composition. Compositions containing magnesium powder and potassium nitrate were found to give satisfactory ignition to the propellant.
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