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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (439)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (439)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1988  (439)
  • 1
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    Absence of linkage of chromosome 21q21 markers to familial Alzheimer's disease (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-16
    Description: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia among the elderly population. Although the etiology is unknown, inheritance plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Recent work indicates that an autosomal dominant gene for Alzheimer's disease is located on chromosome 21 at band q21. In the present study of a group of autopsy-documented kindreds, no evidence for linkage was found between familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) and chromosome 21q21 markers (D21S1/D21S72 and the amyloid beta gene). Linkage to the D21S1/D21S72 locus was excluded at recombination fractions (theta) up to 0.17. Linkage to the amyloid gene was excluded at theta = 0.10. Apparent recombinants were noted in two families for the amyloid gene and in five families for the D21S1/D21S72 locus. These data indicate that FAD is genetically heterogeneous.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schellenberg, G D -- Bird, T D -- Wijsman, E M -- Moore, D K -- Boehnke, M -- Bryant, E M -- Lampe, T H -- Nochlin, D -- Sumi, S M -- Deeb, S S -- AG 00057/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG 05136/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- GM 15253/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1507-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3420406" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    A larger spectrum of severe HIV-1--related disease in intravenous drug users in New York City (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-11-11
    Description: Increasing mortality in intravenous (IV) drug users not reported to surveillance as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has occurred in New York City coincident with the AIDS epidemic. From 1981 to 1986, narcotics-related deaths increased on average 32% per year from 492 in 1981 to 1996 in 1986. This increase included deaths from AIDS increasing from 0 to 905 and deaths from other causes, many of which were infectious diseases, increasing from 492 to 1091. Investigations of these deaths suggest a causal association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These deaths may represent a spectrum of HIV-related disease that has not been identified through AIDS surveillance and has resulted in a large underestimation of the impact of AIDS on IV drug users and blacks and Hispanics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stoneburner, R L -- Des Jarlais, D C -- Benezra, D -- Gorelkin, L -- Sotheran, J L -- Friedman, S R -- Schultz, S -- Marmor, M -- Mildvan, D -- Maslansky, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Nov 11;242(4880):916-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉AIDS Research Unit, New York City Department of Health, NY 10013.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3187532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications/*epidemiology/microbiology ; Cause of Death ; Endocarditis/complications ; Hiv ; HIV Seropositivity ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Male ; New York City ; Pneumonia/complications ; Substance-Related Disorders/*complications/epidemiology/mortality ; Tuberculosis/complications
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Concerted nonsyntenic allelic loss in human colorectal carcinoma (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-08-19
    Description: Familial polyposis coli (FPC) is caused by an autosomal dominant gene on chromosome 5, and it has been proposed that colorectal cancer in the general population arises from loss or inactivation of the FPC gene, analogous to recessive tumor genes in retinoblastoma and Wilms' tumor. Since allelic loss can be erroneously scored in nonhomogeneous samples, tumor cell populations were first microdissected from 24 colorectal carcinomas, an additional nine cancers were engrafted in nude mice, and nuclei were flow-sorted from an additional two. Of 31 cancers informative for chromosome 5 markers, only 6 (19%) showed loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 5 alleles, compared to 19 of 34 (56%) on chromosome 17, and 17 of 33 (52%) on chromosome 18. Therefore, it appears that (i) FPC is a true dominant for adenomatosis but not a common recessive gene for colon cancer; and (ii) simple Mendelian models involving loss of alleles at a single locus may be inappropriate for understanding common human solid tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Law, D J -- Olschwang, S -- Monpezat, J P -- Lefrancois, D -- Jagelman, D -- Petrelli, N J -- Thomas, G -- Feinberg, A P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Aug 19;241(4868):961-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2841761" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/genetics ; Adenoma/genetics ; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/*genetics ; *Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Colonic Neoplasms/*genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm/analysis ; Genes, Dominant ; *Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Mice ; Precancerous Conditions/genetics ; Rectal Neoplasms/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Type-restricted neutralization of molecular clones of human immunodeficiency virus (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-15
    Description: In a study of the immunologic significance of the genetic diversity present within single isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the neutralization of viruses derived from molecular clones of the HIV-1 strain HTLV-IIIB by an extensive panel of sera was compared. Sera from HIV-1-infected patients and from goats immunized with polyacrylamide gel-purified HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120), native gp120, or gp120-derived recombinant peptides, showed marked heterogeneity in neutralizing activity against these closely related viruses. The change of a single amino acid residue in gp120 may account for such "clonal restriction" of neutralizing activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Looney, D J -- Fisher, A G -- Putney, S D -- Rusche, J R -- Redfield, R R -- Burke, D S -- Gallo, R C -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):357-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Viral Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3388046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Viral/*immunology ; Binding, Competitive ; Cloning, Molecular ; HIV/genetics/*immunology ; HIV Seropositivity/immunology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neutralization Tests ; Oligopeptides/chemical synthesis/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Heavy-electron metals: new highly correlated States of matter (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-01-01
    Description: Heavy-electron metals exhibit highly correlated electronic behavior at liquid helium temperatures, with conduction-electron masses some hundred times the free-electron mass. Whether "normal," antiferromagnetic, or superconducting, their electronic behavior differs drastically from their ordinary metallic counterparts. The physical origin of the large mass and unusual superconducting and magnetic properties is the strong coupling between the conduction electrons and the local f-electron moment fluctuations characteristic of these materials.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fisk, Z -- Hess, D W -- Pethick, C J -- Pines, D -- Smith, J L -- Thompson, J D -- Willis, J O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jan 1;239(4835):33-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17820627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Human IL-3 and GM-CSF act synergistically in stimulating hematopoiesis in primates (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-30
    Description: Interleukin-3 (IL-3) is a member of a family of growth factors, each of which supports the proliferation and development of hematopoietic precursors in culture. Although the biologic effects of the different hematopoietic growth factors have been well documented in different culture systems, it has only recently become possible to study the activities of these molecules in vivo. In comparison with the later acting hematopoietic growth factors granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, IL-3 elicited a delayed and relatively modest leukocytosis when continuously infused intravenously in primates. The IL-3 infusion, however, greatly potentiated the responsiveness of the animal to subsequent administration of a low dose of GM-CSF. These results suggest that IL-3 expands an early cell population in vivo that subsequently requires the action of a later acting factor such as GM-CSF to complete its development. Optimal stimulation of hematopoiesis may be achieved with combinations of hematopoietic growth factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Donahue, R E -- Seehra, J -- Metzger, M -- Lefebvre, D -- Rock, B -- Carbone, S -- Nathan, D G -- Garnick, M -- Sehgal, P K -- Laston, D -- RR00168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 30;241(4874):1820-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genetics Institute, Cambridge, MA 02140.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3051378" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/*pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Growth Substances/*pharmacology ; Hematopoiesis/*drug effects ; Interleukin-3/*pharmacology ; Leukocyte Count ; Macaca fascicularis ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Autologous red cell agglutination assay for HIV-1 antibodies: simplified test with whole blood (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-09
    Description: An antibody detection procedure based on agglutination of autologous red cells has been developed for samples of whole blood. A nonagglutinating monoclonal antibody to human red blood cells conjugated to a synthetic peptide antigen (in this case residues 579 to 601 of the HIV-1 envelope precursor, Arg-Ile-Leu-Ala-Val-Glu-Arg-Tyr-Leu-Lys-Asp-Gln-Gln-Leu-Leu-Gly-Ile-Trp- Gly-Cys - Ser-Gly-Lys) permitted the detection of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in 10 microliters of whole blood within 2 minutes. Agglutination was specifically inhibited by addition of synthetic peptide antigen but not by unrelated peptides. The frequency of false positive results was 0.1% with HIV-1 seronegative blood donors (n = 874). The false negative results were approximately 1% (n = 81). The autologous red cell agglutination test is potentially suitable for simple, rapid, qualitative screening for antibodies to a variety of antigens of medical and veterinary diagnostic significance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kemp, B E -- Rylatt, D B -- Bundesen, P G -- Doherty, R R -- McPhee, D A -- Stapleton, D -- Cottis, L E -- Wilson, K -- John, M A -- Khan, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 9;241(4871):1352-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Repatriation General Hospital, Victoria, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3413497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agglutination Tests ; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Antibody Specificity ; Glycoproteins/immunology ; HIV/*immunology ; HIV Seropositivity/*diagnosis ; Humans ; Oligopeptides/immunology ; Retroviridae Proteins/immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology
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  • 8
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    Sea level history (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gradstein, F M -- Agterberg, F P -- Aubry, M P -- Berggren, W A -- Flynn, J J -- Hewitt, R -- Kent, D V -- Klitgord, K D -- Miller, K G -- Obradovitch, J -- Ogg, J G -- Prothero, D R -- Westerman, G E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):599-601.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17774582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    A "selfish" B chromosome that enhances its transmission by eliminating the paternal genome (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-22
    Description: In the parasitic wasp, Nasonia vitripennis, males are haploid and usually develop from unfertilized eggs, whereas females are diploid and develop from fertilized eggs. Some individuals in this species carry a genetic element, termed psr (paternal sex ratio), which is transmitted through sperm and causes condensation and subsequent loss of paternal chromosomes in fertilized eggs, thus converting diploid females into haploid males. In this report the psr trait was shown to be caused by a supernumerary chromosome. This B chromosome contains at least three repetitive DNA sequences that do not cross-hybridize to each other or to the host genome. The psr chromosome apparently produces a trans-acting product responsible for condensation of the paternal chromosomes, but is itself insensitive to the effect. Because the psr chromosome enhances its transmission by eliminating the rest of the genome, it can be considered the most "selfish" genetic element yet described.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nur, U -- Werren, J H -- Eickbush, D G -- Burke, W D -- Eickbush, T H -- GM31867/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 22;240(4851):512-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Rochester, NY 14627.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3358129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes/*physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Satellite ; Diploidy ; Haploidy ; Hymenoptera/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sex Determination Analysis ; *Sex Ratio ; Wasps/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    DNA amplification for direct detection of HIV-1 in DNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-01-15
    Description: By means of a selective DNA amplification technique called polymerase chain reaction, proviral sequences of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) were identified directly in DNA isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of persons seropositive but not in DNA isolated from PBMCs of persons seronegative for the virus. Primer pairs from multiple regions of the HIV-1 genome were used to achieve maximum sensitivity of provirus detection. HIV-1 sequences were detected in 100% of DNA specimens from seropositive, homosexual men from whom the virus was isolated by coculture, but in none of the DNA specimens from a control group of seronegative, virus culture-negative persons. However, HIV-1 sequences were detected in 64% of DNA specimens from seropositive, virus culture-negative homosexual men. This method of DNA amplification made it possible to obtain results within 3 days, whereas virus isolation takes up to 3 to 4 weeks. The method may therefore be used to complement or replace virus isolation as a routine means of determining HIV-1 infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ou, C Y -- Kwok, S -- Mitchell, S W -- Mack, D H -- Sninsky, J J -- Krebs, J W -- Feorino, P -- Warfield, D -- Schochetman, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jan 15;239(4837):295-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3336784" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Viral/*blood ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; *Gene Amplification ; HIV/*genetics/isolation & purification ; HIV Seropositivity ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/*analysis ; Male ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Virus Cultivation
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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