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  • Cambridge University Press  (4)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (2)
  • American Geophysical Union  (1)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Amsterdam : Elsevier
  • Geological Society of London
  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994
  • 1985-1989  (7)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
  • 1987  (7)
Collection
Publisher
Years
  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994
  • 1985-1989  (7)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1987-04-17
    Description: Skeletal muscle ventricles (SMVs) were constructed from canine latissimus dorsi and connected to a totally implantable mock circulation device. The SMVs, stimulated by an implantable pulse generator, pumped continuously for up to 8 weeks in free-running beagle dogs. Systolic pressures produced by the SMVs, initially of 139 +/- 7.2 mmHg and after 1 month of continuous pumping of 107 +/- 7 mmHg, were comparable to normal physiologic pressures in the adult beagles (114 +/- 21 mmHg). After 2 weeks of continuous pumping, the mean stroke work of the SMVs was 0.4 X 10(6) ergs, a performance that compares favorably with the animal's cardiac ventricles. This study shows that canine skeletal muscle which has not received prior training or electrical conditioning can perform sustained work at the high levels needed for an auxiliary cardiovascular pump. It might be possible eventually to use such muscle pumps in humans to assist the failing circulation and to provide support in children with certain types of congenital heart defects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Acker, M A -- Hammond, R L -- Mannion, J D -- Salmons, S -- Stephenson, L W -- HLBI 34778/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 17;236(4799):324-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2951849" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Circulation ; Blood Pressure ; *Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Dogs ; Kinetics ; Models, Biological ; Muscles/enzymology/*physiology ; Myosins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1987-08-07
    Description: Measurements of cesium-134 and cesium-137 in Greenland snow together with models of long-range transport have been used to assess radionuclide deposition in the Arctic after the Chernobyl accident. The results suggest that a well-defined layer of radioactive cesium is now present in polar glaciers, providing a new reference for estimating snow accumulation rates and dating ice core samples.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, C I -- Harrington, J R -- Stephenson, M J -- Monaghan, M C -- Pudykiewicz, J -- Schell, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 7;237(4815):633-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3603043" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Accidents ; *Cesium Radioisotopes ; Greenland ; Models, Theoretical ; *Nuclear Reactors ; *Radioactive Fallout ; Snow ; Ukraine
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1987-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1987-01-01
    Description: Resistive force exerted by the Crary Ice Rise on its ice-shelf/ice-stream environment and back-pressure force transmitted across the grounding lines of Ice Streams A and B are calculated from airborne radio echo-sounding data and measurements of surface strain-rates. Resistance generated by the ice rise ranges in magnitude between 45 and 51% of the back-pressure force on the ice streams (depending on the flow law). The mechanical-energy budget of the ice rise is computed by considering work done against frictional forces at the perimeter of the ice rise and gravitational potential energy fluxes associated with changing mass distribution in the ice/ocean system. Energy dissipated by flow surrounding the ice rise is balanced by potential energy released within Ice Streams A and B, and accounts for between 15 and 49% of the work done by the ice streams against ice-shelf back pressure at their grounding lines. Mass balance of the ice rise, and the discharge of Ice Streams A and B, are calculated from surface-velocity and snow-accumulation measurements. The ice rise and its immediate environment gain mass by advection and snowfall at a rate equivalent to an area-averaged thickening rate of 0.44 ± 0.06 m/year. This mass gain may be balanced by regional basal melting (which we do not measure), or could contribute to ice-rise expansion through regional thickening and ice-shelf grounding. Approximately 1/4 to 1/2 of the excess volume discharged by Ice Streams A and B above snow accumulation in their catchment areas is deposited in the vicinity of the ice rise (or melted from the bottom of the ice shelf). This suggests that the ice rise may have formed as a consequence of recent ice-stream acceleration, and that its continued growth may eventually reverse this trend of ice-stream discharge.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1430
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5652
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1987-01-01
    Description: Resistive force exerted by the Crary Ice Rise on its ice-shelf/ice-stream environment and back-pressure force transmitted across the grounding lines of Ice Streams A and B are calculated from airborne radio echo-sounding data and measurements of surface strain-rates. Resistance generated by the ice rise ranges in magnitude between 45 and 51% of the back-pressure force on the ice streams (depending on the flow law). The mechanical-energy budget of the ice rise is computed by considering work done against frictional forces at the perimeter of the ice rise and gravitational potential energy fluxes associated with changing mass distribution in the ice/ocean system. Energy dissipated by flow surrounding the ice rise is balanced by potential energy released within Ice Streams A and B, and accounts for between 15 and 49% of the work done by the ice streams against ice-shelf back pressure at their grounding lines. Mass balance of the ice rise, and the discharge of Ice Streams A and B, are calculated from surface-velocity and snow-accumulation measurements. The ice rise and its immediate environment gain mass by advection and snowfall at a rate equivalent to an area-averaged thickening rate of 0.44 ± 0.06 m/year. This mass gain may be balanced by regional basal melting (which we do not measure), or could contribute to ice-rise expansion through regional thickening and ice-shelf grounding. Approximately 1/4 to 1/2 of the excess volume discharged by Ice Streams A and B above snow accumulation in their catchment areas is deposited in the vicinity of the ice rise (or melted from the bottom of the ice shelf). This suggests that the ice rise may have formed as a consequence of recent ice-stream acceleration, and that its continued growth may eventually reverse this trend of ice-stream discharge.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1430
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5652
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1987-01-01
    Description: As part of a systematic analysis of Seasat radar altimetry data to obtain Antarctic ice fronts and ice-shelf elevations north of lat. 72° S., Fimbulisen (between long. 12°W. and 08°E.) and the Amery Ice Shelf (around long. 72°E.) are mapped. Interactive computer analysis is used to examine and correct the altimetry range measurements and derive the ice-front positions. Surface elevations and ice-front positions from radar altimetry are compared with ice fronts, ice rises, crevasse zones, and grounding lines identified in Landsat imagery. By comparison of the visible features in imagery and the computer-contoured elevations from radar altimetry, the radar-elevation mapping on some ice rises is confirmed, but some spurious contours are also identified. During the interval between the 1974 Landsat imagery and the 1978 radar altimetry, the central part of the Amery Ice Shelf front advanced 1.5 ± 0.6 km/a, which is in agreement with the ice-velocity measurements of 1.1 ± 0.1 km/a (Budd and others 1982), suggesting negligible calving in the central part of the ice shelf. The undulating surface and small mean slope from the grounding line to about lat. 70°S. suggest a zone of partial grounding similar to Rutford Ice Stream, On Fimbulisen, some previously unmapped ice rises are identified. The ridge of the Jutul-straumen ice tongue is shown to be about 20 m above the surrounding ice and laterally expanding as it flows northward to the ice front. Icebergs within the sea ice and a zone of shore-fast ice are also identified with the same technique used to map the ice-shelf front.
    Print ISSN: 0260-3055
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5644
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1987-01-01
    Description: As part of a systematic analysis of Seasat radar altimetry data to obtain Antarctic ice fronts and ice-shelf elevations north of lat. 72° S., Fimbulisen (between long. 12°W. and 08°E.) and the Amery Ice Shelf (around long. 72°E.) are mapped. Interactive computer analysis is used to examine and correct the altimetry range measurements and derive the ice-front positions. Surface elevations and ice-front positions from radar altimetry are compared with ice fronts, ice rises, crevasse zones, and grounding lines identified in Landsat imagery. By comparison of the visible features in imagery and the computer-contoured elevations from radar altimetry, the radar-elevation mapping on some ice rises is confirmed, but some spurious contours are also identified. During the interval between the 1974 Landsat imagery and the 1978 radar altimetry, the central part of the Amery Ice Shelf front advanced 1.5 ± 0.6 km/a, which is in agreement with the ice-velocity measurements of 1.1 ± 0.1 km/a (Budd and others 1982), suggesting negligible calving in the central part of the ice shelf. The undulating surface and small mean slope from the grounding line to about lat. 70°S. suggest a zone of partial grounding similar to Rutford Ice Stream, On Fimbulisen, some previously unmapped ice rises are identified. The ridge of the Jutul-straumen ice tongue is shown to be about 20 m above the surrounding ice and laterally expanding as it flows northward to the ice front. Icebergs within the sea ice and a zone of shore-fast ice are also identified with the same technique used to map the ice-shelf front.
    Print ISSN: 0260-3055
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5644
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
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