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  • Mice  (37)
  • Lepidoptera  (17)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (35)
  • Springer  (19)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (54)
  • 1987  (54)
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (35)
  • Springer  (19)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (54)
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1987-02-27
    Description: The circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum is the focus of intense efforts to develop an antisporozoite malaria vaccine. Localization of sites for T-cell recognition on this molecule is critical for vaccine design. By using an algorithm designed to predict T-cell sites and a large panel of H-2 congenic mice, a major nonrepetitive T-cell site was located. When a synthetic peptide corresponding to this site was covalently linked to the major B-cell site on the molecule, an immunogen capable of eliciting a high-titer antibody response was formed. This peptide sequence could prime helper T cells for a secondary response to the intact CS protein. The new helper T-cell site is located outside the repetitive region of the CS protein and appears to be the immunodominant T site on the molecule. This approach should be useful in the rational design and construction of vaccines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Good, M F -- Maloy, W L -- Lunde, M N -- Margalit, H -- Cornette, J L -- Smith, G L -- Moss, B -- Miller, L H -- Berzofsky, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 27;235(4792):1059-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2434994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Protozoan/immunology ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Epitopes/*immunology ; Mice ; Peptide Fragments/chemical synthesis/*immunology ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology ; Vaccines/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1987-12-11
    Description: Lineage-specific regulatory elements can be used to direct expression of a variety of genes to specific tissues in transgenic mice. If the hybrid constructs contain a gene encoding a cytotoxic gene product, then genetic ablation of a specific cell lineage can be achieved. We have generated six transgenic mice by introducing into fertilized eggs the mouse gamma 2-crystallin promoter fused to the coding region of the diphtheria toxin A-chain gene. Three of these mice and all the transgenic offspring analyzed were microphthalmic. The lenses of these mice displayed considerable heterogeneity: some were almost normal morphologically but reduced in size, whereas others were grossly aberrant and deficient in nuclear fiber cells. These studies indicate that programmed ablation of specific cell types can be stably transmitted through the germ line.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breitman, M L -- Clapoff, S -- Rossant, J -- Tsui, L C -- Glode, L M -- Maxwell, I H -- Bernstein, A -- CA 42354/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Dec 11;238(4833):1563-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Mount Sinai Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3685993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crystallins/*genetics ; Diphtheria Toxin/*genetics ; Eye/pathology ; *Genes ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microphthalmos/*genetics/pathology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1987-04-24
    Description: As part of a study of potential vaccines against malaria, the protective efficacy of sporozoite subunit vaccines was determined by using the Plasmodium berghei murine malaria model. Mice were immunized with recombinant DNA-produced or synthetic peptide-carrier subunit vaccines derived from the repetitive epitopes of the Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite gene, or with radiation-attenuated sporozoites. Immunization with subunit vaccines elicited humoral responses that were equivalent to or greater than those elicited by irradiated sporozoites, yet the protection against sporozoite challenge induced by either of the subunit vaccines was far less than that achieved by immunization with attenuated sporozoites. Passive and adoptive transfer studies demonstrated that subunit vaccines elicited predominantly antibody-mediated protection that was easily overcome whereas irradiated sporozoites induced potent cell-mediated immunity that protected against high challenge doses of sporozoites. These studies indicate that new strategies designed to induce cellular immunity will be required for efficacious sporozoite vaccines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Egan, J E -- Weber, J L -- Ballou, W R -- Hollingdale, M R -- Majarian, W R -- Gordon, D M -- Maloy, W L -- Hoffman, S L -- Wirtz, R A -- Schneider, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 24;236(4800):453-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3551073" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antigens, Protozoan ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunization, Passive ; Malaria/*prevention & control ; Mice ; Oligopeptides/immunology ; Plasmodium berghei/*immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology ; *Vaccines, Synthetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Olethreutinae ; Cydia caryana ; sex pheromone ; electroantennogram ; flight tunnel ; behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les réponses olfactives antennaires de Cydia caryana, mesurées par électroantennogrammes (EAG), aux alcools et acétates à carbones monounsaturés en positions 12 et 14, ont montré que le système conjugué de double liaison, (E)-8-, (E)-10- du dodecadien-1-ol acétate constitue un composé chimique strutural critique de la phéromone sexuelle de C. caryana. De plus, les acétates: (E)-8-dodecen-1-ol,(Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol,(Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol, et le (Z)-12-tetradecen-1-ol, se sont révélés en AEG comme des composés secondaires de la phéromone. L'étude par AEG de la relation dose-réponse a conduit à l'hypothèse de deux catégories de populations de récepteurs de phéromones. L'analyse comportementale des résponses des papillons mâles dans le tunnel de vol aux composés qui ont provoqués les plus forts AEG, on fait estimer que les acétates (E,E)-8,10-dodécadien-1-ol et (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol ressemblent (ou sont) les constituants de la phéromone sexuelle de C. caryana; tandis que les (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol et (E)-10-dodecen-1-ol sont, soit des paraphéromones, soit des constituants mineurs de la phéromone. La signification biologique du (Z)-12-tétradécen-1-ol a été difficile à interprêter avec les expériences en tunnel de vol.
    Notes: Abstract Electroantennogram (EAG) measurement of male Cydia caryana moth antennal olfactory response to monounsaturated 12 and 14 carbon alcohols and acetates indicated that the (E)-8-, (E)-10- conjugated double bond system of a dodecadien-1-ol acetate is a critical chemical structural component of the C. caryana sex pheromone. Additionally, EAG measurements implicated (E)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate, (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate, (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate and (Z)-12-tetradecen-1-ol as potential minor pheromonal components. An EAG dosage-response study suggested that there were at least two heterologous populations of pheromone acceptors. Behavioral analysis of male moth response in a flight tunnel to compounds which evoked the stronger EAG responses suggested that (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate and (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate resemble or are C. caryana sex pheromonal components, while (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate and (E)-10-dodecen-1-ol acetate are either parapheromones or are minor pheromone components. Behavioral significance of (Z)-12-tetradecen-1-ol was difficult to interpret in the flight tunnel.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1987-05-01
    Description: Mammalian X-chromosome inactivation involves a coordinate shutting down of physically linked genes. Several proposed models require the presence of specific sequences near genes to permit the spread of inactivation into these regions. If such models are correct, one might predict that heterologous genes transferred onto the X chromosome might lack the appropriate signal sequences and therefore escape inactivation. To determine whether a foreign gene inserted into the X chromosome is subject to inactivation, transgenic mice harboring 11 copies of the complete, 17-kilobase chicken transferrin gene on the X chromosome were used. Male mice hemizygous for this insert were bred with females bearing Searle's translocation, an X-chromosome rearrangement that is always active in heterozygous females (the unrearranged X chromosome is inactive). Female offspring bearing the Searle's translocation and the chicken transferrin gene had the same amount of chicken transferrin messenger RNA in liver as did transgenic male mice or transgenic female mice lacking the Searle's chromosome. This result shows that the inserted gene is not subject to X-chromosome inactivation and suggests that the inactivation process cannot spread over 187 kilobases of DNA in the absence of specific signal sequences required for inactivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldman, M A -- Stokes, K R -- Idzerda, R L -- McKnight, G S -- Hammer, R E -- Brinster, R L -- Gartler, S M -- HD14412/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD16659/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD17321/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 May 1;236(4801):593-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2437652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chickens ; DNA/metabolism ; *Dosage Compensation, Genetic ; Female ; Male ; Methylation ; Mice ; Transferrin/*genetics ; *Transformation, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic ; X Chromosome ; Y Chromosome ; alpha-Fetoproteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1987-01-23
    Description: Transgenic mice carrying the gamma 2-crystallin promoter fused to the coding region of the bacterial lacZ gene were generated. The offspring of three founder mice expressed high levels of the enzyme solely in the central nuclear fiber cells of the lens as measured by an in situ assay for the detection of beta-galactosidase activity. These results suggest that gamma 2-crystallin sequences between -759 to +45 contain essential information required for appropriate tissue-specific and temporal regulation of the mouse gamma 2-crystallin gene. In a broader context, this study also demonstrates the utility of beta-galactosidase hybrid gene constructs for monitoring the activity of gene regulatory elements in transgenic mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goring, D R -- Rossant, J -- Clapoff, S -- Breitman, M L -- Tsui, L C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jan 23;235(4787):456-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3099390" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cataract/enzymology ; Crystallins/*genetics ; Galactosidases/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Lac Operon ; Lens, Crystalline/*physiology ; Mice ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/*genetics ; Recombinant Proteins/*genetics ; Tissue Distribution ; Transfection ; beta-Galactosidase/*genetics/metabolism
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1987-02-27
    Description: In initial attempts to define the molecular events responsible for the latent state of herpes simplex virus, in situ hybridization was utilized to search for virally encoded RNA transcripts in latently infected sensory neurons. The use of cloned probes representing the entire viral genome indicated that transcripts encoded within terminal repeats were present. When the alpha genes encoding ICP-0, ICP-4, and ICP-27 and the gamma 1 gene encoding VP-5 were employed, only RNA transcripts hybridizing to the ICP-0 probe were detected. In latently infected cells, the ICP-0--related transcripts were localized principally in the nucleus; this was not the case in acutely (productively) infected neurons or in neurons probed for RNA transcripts coding for actin. In Northern blotting experiments, an RNA of 2.6 kilobases was detected with the ICP-0 probe. When single-stranded DNAs from the ICP-0 region were used as probes, RNA from the strand complementary to that encoding ICP-0 messenger RNA (mRNA) was the major species detected. This RNA species may play a significant role in maintaining the latent infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stevens, J G -- Wagner, E K -- Devi-Rao, G B -- Cook, M L -- Feldman, L T -- AI-06246/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA 11861/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 27;235(4792):1056-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2434993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ganglia, Spinal/microbiology ; *Genes, Viral ; Herpes Simplex/microbiology ; Mice ; Neurons/*microbiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/*genetics ; RNA, Complementary ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Viral/*genetics ; Simplexvirus/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 45 (1987), S. 47-54 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; Chilo partellus ; spotted stem borer ; resistance mechanism ; larval establishment ; egg infestation ; larval infestation ; bazooka applicator
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'Institut International de Recherches sur les Cultures en Régions Semi-Arides (ICRISAT) étudie la protection contre C. partellus Swinhoe par l'utilisation de cultivars résistants. Différents cultivars présentent une résistance à différents stades de croissance de la plante, et à différents stades de l'insecte. La résistance du sorgho à C. partellus dépend de plusieurs mécanismes, l'un d'eux conditionnant l'installation des chenilles du premier stade dans le verticille de la plante. Cependant, la lenteur de l'installation d'est un facteur lié à la résistance que chez quelques cultivars. Plusiers facteurs physiques et chimiques sont associés à l'installation préférentielle des jeunes chenilles dans le verticille foliare. Parmi les caractères physiques, le port érigé des feuilles, la présence de poches à leur base et les cires superficielles sont impliqués dans l'installation des chenilles. Une analyse chimique détaillée d'extraits des structures superficielles a montré que la concentration d'une substance, le C32 “marqueur” de la lignée résistante IS 2205, était 2 fois plus faible que dans les lignées sensibles IS 1151 et CSH 1.
    Notes: Abstract Management of spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) by the use of resistant cultivars is being developed at ICRISAT. Different cultivars show resistance based on several mechanisms, one of which affects the establishment of first instar larvae in the plant whorl. However, it has been found that low establishment is a factor associated with resistance only in some cultivars and not in others. A number of physical and chemical plant factors are associated with preferential establishment of the young larvae in the leaf whorl. Among the physical characteristics, erect leaves and curled leaf bases are involved in larval establishment. Detailed chemical analysis of surface extracts showed that the concentration of one compound in the wax is related to resistance at this stage and assessment of physical and chemical plant characters has been used to predict resistance.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 45 (1987), S. 227-235 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: oviposition deterrent ; pheromone ; field experiments ; pre-oviposition behaviour ; dispersal ; Pieris brassicae ; Lepidoptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'étude de l'efficacité de la phéromone dissuasive de la ponte (ODP) de P. brassicae a été effectuée au cours de petites expériences dans la nature. Dans des cages contenant des choux traités à l'ODP et des choux témoins, des femelles isolées ont été lâchées et leur comportement a été suivi jusqu'à ce qu'elles aient choisi un lieu de ponte. Dans les expériences sans plantes traitées à l'ODP, la ponte avait lieu uniformément sur les plantes de la cage. En présence de la phéromone, la ponte était concentrée sur les plantes situées sur deux côtés de la cage. La distribution des tentatives de ponte sur plantes témoins et traitées dans les expériences avec phéromone ne différait cependant pas de la distribution observée dans les expériences témoins. Ceci montre que pour ces conditions expérimentales dans la nature, l'efficacité finale de la phéromone est nulle. Cependant, la durée du comportement de préponte et le nombre moyen d'atterrissages pendant la sélection du lieu de ponte par les pondeuses était tous les deux accrus significativement en présence de phéromone. L'ODP a modifié aussi le nombre d'atterrissages sur les plantes témoins qui étaient plus élevés dans les expériences avec phéromone que dans les expériences témoins. Sans phéromone, les femelles libérées au centre de la cage avaient tendance à voler vers les parois de la cage. La présence d'ODP a stimulé ce comportement et, de plus, a dissuadé le retour des femelles vers le centre de la cage, réduisant ainsi la ponte sur les plantes au centre du lot. Des expériences de laboratoire avec des feuilles de plantes traitées dans la nature ont montré la persistance de la phéromone pendant au moins 5 jours dans les conditions de la nature. Nous en avons conclu que, dans la nature, ODP agit en modifiant le comportement de pré-ponte des femelles et en stimulant l'activité de dispersion, plutôt qu'en fournissant une protection absolue contre la ponte de P. brassicae.
    Notes: Abstract In small-scale field experiments the potency of the oviposition deterring pheromone (ODP) of Pieris brassicae as a pest control agent has been studied. In a field cage containing control and ODP-treated cabbage plants, single females were released and their behaviour observed until they had selected an oviposition site. In experiments without ODP-treated plants, oviposition occurred evenly on plants throughout the cage. In the presence of the pheromone, oviposition was concentrated on plants along two sides of the cage. The distribution of oviposition attempts on control and treated plants in pheromone experiments, however, was not significantly different from that in the control experiments. This means that under these field conditions, i.e. within a cage, the ultimate effectiveness of the pheromone is nil. However, the duration of pre-oviposition behaviour and the mean number of landings during the site-selection process by ovipositing females were both found to be significantly increased in the presence of the pheromone. The ODP also affected the relative number of landings on control plants, which was higher in the pheromone runs than in the control runs. Without pheromone, females released from the center of the cage tended to fly to the sides of the cage. The presence of ODP stimulates this flight behaviour and, moreover, discourages females from returning to the center of the cage, thereby reducing oviposition on central plants in the field plot. Laboratory experiments with leaves from treated field plants indicated persistence of the pheromone under field conditions for at least 5 days. It is concluded that in the field the ODP acts as a modifier of female pre-oviposition behaviour and stimulates dispersal activity, rather than giving absolute protection against P. brassicae oviposition.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 43 (1987), S. 271-274 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Southwestern corn borer ; Diatraea grandiosella ; Lepidoptera ; insects and fertilizer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons étudié les corrélations entre l'utilisation d'engrais azotés et phosphatés d'une part, l'infestation et l'alimentation de D. grandiosella sur maïs en champs d'autre part. Les formules d'engrais comparées étaient: pas d'engrais, 90 et 179 kg N/ha sans P, 45 et 90 kg P/ha sans N, et les combinaisons de ces deux teneurs en N et P. La contamination était plus élevée dans les lots ayant reçu de l'azote que dans ceux traités sans N, mais la présence d'azote n'a pas réduit le décapage des tiges et la verse dus à l'alimentatin larvaire. A l'inverse, les lots n'ayant reçu que du phosphore avaient des pourcentages plus faibles de tiges contaminées par D. grandiosella et ainsi décapées et versées, que ceux qui n'avaient pas reçu P. Il n'a pas eu de différences significatives dans les contaminations ou les dégats entre les lots ayant reçu différentes combinaisons de N et P, et les effets de ces combinaisons sur l'insecte étaient intermédiaires à ceux de N et P seuls.
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers have differing effects on southwestern corn borer (SWCB). Diatraea grandiosella Dyar, densities and damage to field corn, Zea mays L. Nitrogen fertilization of corn is associated with an increase in number of stalks infested and girdled by corn borers, while addition of P has the opposite effect. When combinations of N and P were applied, there were no significant differences in SWCB infestation or damage from plots receiving no fertilizer. The effect of combinations of N and P on SWCB were intermediate to either element alone.
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