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  • Transcription, Genetic  (13)
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (15)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (15)
  • 1987  (15)
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (15)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (15)
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1987-10-23
    Description: The complete germline organization of the beta-chain genes of the murine T cell receptor was elucidated in order to obtain the structural basis for understanding the mechanisms of somatic DNA rearrangements. Twenty of the 22 known variable (V beta) genes are clustered within 250 kilobases of DNA 5' to the constant region (C beta) genes. These V beta genes share the same transcriptional orientation as the diversity (D beta), joining (J beta), and C beta genes, which implies that chromosomal deletion is the mechanism for most V beta to D beta-J beta rearrangements. Within this V beta cluster, the distance between the most proximal V beta gene and the D beta-J beta-C beta cluster is 320 kilobases, as determined by field-inversion gel electrophoresis. The large distance between V beta and D beta, relative to that between D beta and J beta, may have significant implications for the ordered rearrangement of the T cell receptor beta-chain genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chou, H S -- Nelson, C A -- Godambe, S A -- Chaplin, D D -- Loh, D Y -- GM07067/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 23;238(4826):545-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2821625" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Electrophoresis ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1987-02-20
    Description: Four clones were isolated from an adult human brain complementary DNA library with an oligonucleotide probe corresponding to the first 20 amino acids of the beta peptide of brain amyloid from Alzheimer's disease. The open reading frame of the sequenced clone coded for 97 amino acids, including the known amino acid sequence of this polypeptide. The 3.5-kilobase messenger RNA was detected in mammalian brains and human thymus. The gene is highly conserved in evolution and has been mapped to human chromosome 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldgaber, D -- Lerman, M I -- McBride, O W -- Saffiotti, U -- Gajdusek, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 20;235(4791):877-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3810169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyloid/*genetics ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Protein Conformation ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Solubility ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1987-10-09
    Description: An abnormal alpha 2-antiplasmin that is associated with a serious bleeding tendency has been found in a Dutch family and is referred to as alpha 2-antiplasmin Enschede. This abnormal alpha 2-antiplasmin is converted from an inhibitor of plasmin to a substrate. The molecular defect of alpha 2-antiplasmin Enschede, as revealed by sequencing of cloned genomic DNA fragments, consists of an alanine insertion near the active site region of the molecule. Substitution of this fragment into complementary DNA for a wild-type alpha 2-antiplasmin yields a translation product with physical and functional properties typical of the abnormal alpha 2-antiplasmin Enschede. The naturally occurring mutant may serve as a model for investigating the structures that determine the properties of an inhibitor versus those of a substrate in serine protease inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holmes, W E -- Lijnen, H R -- Nelles, L -- Kluft, C -- Nieuwenhuis, H K -- Rijken, D C -- Collen, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Oct 9;238(4824):209-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Thrombosis and Vascular Research, University of Leuven, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2958938" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; DNA/metabolism ; Fibrinolysin/*antagonists & inhibitors ; *Genes ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Protein Biosynthesis ; alpha-2-Antiplasmin/*genetics/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1987-05-29
    Description: The ribonucleocapsids of many plant viruses are extremely stable. The protein coat protects the RNA genome against degradation during the accumulation and spread of progeny virions. Chimeric single-stranded RNA molecules were transcribed in vitro from recombinant plasmids and later encapsidated, in vitro, into ribonucleoprotein particles (pseudoviruses) 60 nanometers long that resembled tobacco mosaic virus. Transcripts encoding an assayable enzyme, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), were packaged into pseudovirus particles to assess the utility of this single-stranded RNA delivery system in a wide range of cell types. In all cases, packaged CAT messenger RNA was uncoated and transiently expressed. Significantly higher levels of CAT activity were detected with packaged than with naked CAT messenger RNA after inoculation of plant protoplasts in the presence of polyethylene glycol or abrasive inoculation of intact leaf surfaces. Structural events that lead to the uncoating and expression of CAT messenger RNA showed no cell specificity. This observation may support the view that the comparatively restricted host range of a true plant virus results from events that occur later during the infection cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallie, D R -- Sleat, D E -- Watts, J W -- Turner, P C -- Wilson, T M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 May 29;236(4805):1122-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3472350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/genetics ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase ; Fabaceae/microbiology ; Genetic Engineering/*methods ; Plants, Medicinal ; Plants, Toxic ; Protoplasts/microbiology ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Tobacco/microbiology ; *Tobacco Mosaic Virus ; Transcription, Genetic ; Virus Diseases/microbiology
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1987-02-20
    Description: The amyloid beta protein has been identified as an important component of both cerebrovascular amyloid and amyloid plaques of Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. A complementary DNA for the beta protein suggests that it derives from a larger protein expressed in a variety of tissues. Overexpression of the gene in brain tissue from fetuses with Down syndrome (trisomy 21) can be explained by dosage since the locus encoding the beta protein maps to chromosome 21. Regional localization of this gene by both physical and genetic mapping places it in the vicinity of the genetic defect causing the inherited form of Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tanzi, R E -- Gusella, J F -- Watkins, P C -- Bruns, G A -- St George-Hyslop, P -- Van Keuren, M L -- Patterson, D -- Pagan, S -- Kurnit, D M -- Neve, R L -- AG00029/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HD10658/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD20118/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 20;235(4791):880-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2949367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyloid/*genetics ; Amyloidosis/genetics ; Brain/physiopathology ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; DNA/genetics ; Down Syndrome/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Tissue Distribution ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1987-11-06
    Description: The c-erbA gene belongs to a multigene family that encodes transcriptional regulatory proteins including the v-erbA oncogene product, steroid hormone receptors, and the vitamin D3 receptor. A v-erbA DNA probe encoding the DNA-binding region of the v-erbA protein was used to screen a human complementary DNA testis library. One of the clones isolated, erbA-T-1, was found to encode a 490-amino acid protein (erbA-T). The erbA-T polypeptide shows high homology with the proteins encoded by both the chicken c-erbA and the human c-erbA-beta genes but is most closely related to the chicken gene. The chicken c-erbA and the human c-erbA-beta genes encode high-affinity receptors for thyroid hormone, and here it is shown that the erbA-T protein binds specifically to 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine with a dissociation constant of 3.8 +/- 0.2 x 10(-10) M. These data imply that more than one thyroid hormone receptor exists in humans and that these receptors might have different tissue- and gene-activating specificities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benbrook, D -- Pfahl, M -- DK-35083/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Nov 6;238(4828):788-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Research Center, La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3672126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*metabolism ; *Genes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Male ; Protein Biosynthesis ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/*genetics/metabolism ; Testis/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1987-07-24
    Description: Abnormal accumulation of connective tissue in blood vessels contributes to alterations in vascular physiology associated with disease states such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Elastin synthesis was studied in blood vessels from newborn calves with severe pulmonary hypertension induced by alveolar hypoxia in order to investigate the cellular stimuli that elicit changes in pulmonary arterial connective tissue production. A two- to fourfold increase in elastin production was observed in pulmonary artery tissue and medial smooth muscle cells from hypertensive calves. This stimulation of elastin production was accompanied by a corresponding increase in elastin messenger RNA consistent with regulation at the transcriptional level. Conditioned serum harvested from cultures of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells isolated from hypertensive animals contained one or more low molecular weight elastogenic factors that stimulated the production of elastin in both fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells and altered the chemotactic responsiveness of fibroblasts to elastin peptides. These results suggest that connective tissue changes in the pulmonary vasculature in response to pulmonary hypertension are orchestrated by the medial smooth muscle cell through the generation of specific differentiation factors that alter both the secretory phenotype and responsive properties of surrounding cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mecham, R P -- Whitehouse, L A -- Wrenn, D S -- Parks, W C -- Griffin, G L -- Senior, R M -- Crouch, E C -- Stenmark, K R -- Voelkel, N F -- CA31777/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD20521/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HL14985/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 24;237(4813):423-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3603030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anoxia ; Cattle ; Connective Tissue/pathology/*physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Elastin/genetics/physiology ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology/*physiopathology ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology/*physiopathology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1987-05-15
    Description: Antibody-producing cells display a special form of regulation whereby each cell produces immunoglobulin from only one of its two sets of antibody genes. This phenomenon, called allelic exclusion, is thought to be mediated by the product of one heavy chain allele restricting the expression of the other. Heavy chains are synthesized in two molecular forms, secreted and membrane bound. In order to determine whether it is specifically the membrane-bound form of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) heavy chain (mu) that mediates this regulation, transgenic mice were created that carry a human mu chain gene altered so that it can only direct the synthesis of the membrane-bound protein. The membrane-bound form of the human mu chain was made by most of the B cells in these animals as measured by assays of messenger RNA and surface immunoglobulins. Further, the many B cells that express the human gene do not express endogenous mouse IgM, and the few B cells that express endogenous mouse mu do not express the transgene. Thus, the membrane-bound form of the mu chain is sufficient to mediate allelic exclusion. In addition, the molecular structures recognized for this purpose are conserved between human and mouse systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nussenzweig, M C -- Shaw, A C -- Sinn, E -- Danner, D B -- Holmes, K L -- Morse, H C 3rd -- Leder, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 May 15;236(4803):816-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3107126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alleles ; Animals ; Antibody-Producing Cells/*immunology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M/genetics ; Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1987-08-14
    Description: On the basis of electrophysiological analysis of Shaker mutants, the Shaker locus of Drosophila melanogaster has been proposed to encode a structural component of a voltage-dependent potassium channel, the A channel. Unlike sodium channels, acetylcholine receptors, and calcium channels, K+ channels have not been purified biochemically. To facilitate biochemical studies of a K+ channel, genomic DNA from the Shaker locus has been cloned. Rearrangements in five Shaker mutants have been mapped to a 60-kilobase segment of the genome. Four complementary DNA clones have been analyzed. These clones indicate that the Shaker gene contains multiple exons distributed over at least 65 kilobases of genomic DNA in the region where the mutations mapped. Furthermore, the gene may produce several classes of alternatively spliced transcripts. Two of the complementary DNA clones have been sequenced and their sequences support the hypothesis that Shaker encodes a component of a K+ channel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Papazian, D M -- Schwarz, T L -- Tempel, B L -- Jan, Y N -- Jan, L Y -- NS15963/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Aug 14;237(4816):749-53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2441470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Exons ; *Ion Channels ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Potassium/*metabolism ; RNA Splicing ; Transcription, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1987-06-05
    Description: An oocyte expression system was used to test the relation between a complementary DNA (cDNA) clone encoding the liver gap junction protein and cell-cell channels. Total liver polyadenylated messenger RNA injected into oocytes induced cell-cell channels between paired oocytes. This induction was blocked by simultaneous injection of antisense RNA transcribed from the gap junction cDNA. Messenger RNA selected by hybridization to the cDNA clone and translated in oocyte pairs yielded a higher junctional conductance than unselected liver messenger RNA. Cell-cell channels between oocytes were also formed when the cloned cDNA was expressed under the control of a heat-shock promoter. A concentration-dependent induction of channels was observed in response to injection with in vitro transcribed gap junction messenger RNA. Thus, the liver gap junction cDNA encodes a protein that is essential for the formation of functional cell-cell channels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dahl, G -- Miller, T -- Paul, D -- Voellmy, R -- Werner, R -- GM 31125/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jun 5;236(4806):1290-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3035715" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Connexins ; DNA/metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics ; Intercellular Junctions/*metabolism ; Liver/*metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oocytes/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus
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