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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (193)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (138)
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (135)
  • 1985-1989  (466)
  • 1986  (466)
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  • 1985-1989  (466)
Year
  • 1
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    Continued observations of the H Ly alpha emission from Uranus (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Observations of Uranus obtained over four years with the IUE Observatory supports the initial identification of a bright H Ly alpha flux which varies independently of the solar H Ly alpha flux, implying a largely self-excited emission. An average brightness of 1400 Rayleighs is derived, and limits for the possible contribution by reflected solar H Ly alpha emission, estimated to be about 200 Rayleighs, suggest that the remaining self-excited emission is produced by an aurora. Based on comparison with solar wind measurements obtained in the vicinity of Uranus by Voyager 2 and Pioneer 11, no evidence for correlation between the solar wind density and the H Ly alpha brightness is found. The upper limit to H2 emission gives a lower limit to the ratio of H Ly alpha/H2 emissions of about 2.4, suggesting that the precipitating particles may be significantly less energetic on Uranus than those responsible for the aurora on Jupiter. The average power in precipitating particles is estimated to be of the order of 10 to the 12th W.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 91; 8771-878
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    AIS spectra of desert shrub canopies (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Airborne Imaging Spectrometer (AIS) data were collected 30 August 1985 from a desert shrub community in central Oregon. Spectra from artificial targets placed on the test site and from bare soil, big sagebrush (Artemesia tridentata wyomingensis), silver sagebrush (Artemesia cana bolander), and exposed volcanic rocks were studied. Spectral data from grating position 3 (tree mode) were selected from 25 ground positions for analysis by Principal Factor Analysis (PFA). In this grating position, as many as six factors were identified as significant in contributing to spectral structure. Channels 74 through 84 (tree mode) best characterized between-class differences. Other channels were identified as nondiscriminating and as associated with such errors as excessive atmospheric absorption and grating positin changes. The test site was relatively simple with the two species (A. tridentata and A. cana) representing nearly 95% of biomass and with only two mineral backgrounds, a montmorillonitic soil and volcanic rocks. If, as in this study, six factors of spectral structure can be extracted from a single grating position from data acquired over a simple vegetation community, then AIS data must be considered rich in information-gathering potential.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: JPL Proceedings of the Second Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data Analysis Workshop; p 187-193
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Demonstration of the fiducial concept using data from the March 1985 GPS field test (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The first field test of NASA's Global Positioning System (GPS) Geodetic Program took place in March of 1985. The principal objective of this test was the demonstration of the feasibility of the fiducial station approach to precise GPS-based geodesy and orbit determination. Other objectives included an assessment of the performance of the several GPS receiver types involved in these field tests and the testing of the GIPSY software for GPS data analysis. In this article, the GIPSY (GPS Inferred Positioning System) software system is described and baseline solutions are examined for consistency with independent measurements made using very long baseline interferometry.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: The Telecommunications and Data Acquisition Report (date]; p 301 - 306
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  • 4
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    Assessment of ecological conditions associated with the 1980/81 desert locust plague upsurge in West Africa using environmental satellite data (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161); 7; 1609-162
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    The First International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) field experiment FIFE (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The purpose of ISLSCP is to verify the use of satellite data for the estimation of land-surface properties. This is to be done through a series of field experiments using a combination of point measurements on the ground and areal measurements from aircraft overflights. In addition to validating satellite estimates of surface properties, approaches for obtaining areal averages of the radiation, moisture, and heat fluxes from remotely sensed data are to be studied. The procedure for doing this is to combine the surface point measurements of the fluxes with the aircraft areal observations using a surface-energy-balance model. This should make it possible to interpolate between the point estimates of these fluxes and calculate area-averaged quantities. The surface parameters to be estimated from aircraft observations include: surface radiation temperature, albedo, land-cover or vegetation index, and surface soil moisture.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 6
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    Wetland physical and biotic studies using multispectral data (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A November 1982 Landsat-4 TM scene and March and September 1984 airborne L-band radar data for a brackish-wetland area of the Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge (near Chesapeake Bay) are analyzed to monitor changes in vegetation and water area. The accuracy of level-I classification of the TM image is found to be 81 percent, but that of the few level-II/III classes for which ground truth was available is only 53 percent. The value of radar images for discriminating water areas obscured by vegetation and estimating plant heights is indicated.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 7
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    Habitat evaluation and landcover analysis using Landsat-4 TM data (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 8
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    Unsteady heat transfer and direct comparison to steady-state measurements in a rotor-wake experiment (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Circumferentially local and time-resolved heat transfer measurements were obtained for a circular cylinder in crossflow located downstream of a rotating spoked wheel wake generator in a steady flow tunnel. The unsteady heat transfer effects were obtained by developing an extension of a thin film gauge technique employed to date exclusively in short-duration facilities. The time-average thin film results and conventional steady-state heat transfer measurements were compared. Time-averaged wake-induced stagnation heat transfer enhancement levels above the nowake case were about 10 percent for the four cylinder Reynolds numbers. This enhancement level was nearly independent of bar passing frequency and was related directly to the time integral of the heat transfer spikes observed at the bar passing frequency. It is observed that the wake-induced heat transfer spikes have peak magnitudes averaging 30 to 40 percent above the interwake heat transfer level.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    High frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within the mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft, and in situ perspectives of the SEEP-I experiment (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Moorings of current meters, thermistors, transmissometers, and fluorometers on the mid-Atlantic shelf, south of Long Island, suggest a cumulative seaward export of perhaps 0.35 g C/sq m/day between the 80 and 120 m isobaths during February-April 1984. Such a horizontal loss of algal carbon over the lower third of the water column would be 23 to 78% of the March-April 1984 primary production. This physical carbon loss is similar to daily grazing losses from zooplankton of 32-40% of the algal fixation of carbon. Metabolic demands of the benthos could be met by just the estimated fecal pellet flux, without direct consumption of algal carbon, while bacterioplankton needs could be served by excretory release of dissolved organic matter during photosynthesis. Sediment traps tethered 10 m off the bottom at the 120 m isobath and 50 m above the 500 m isobath caught as much as 0.16 to 0.26 g C /sq m/day during March-April 1984, in reasonable agreement with the flux estimated from the other moored instruments.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-TM-88765 , NAS 1.15:88765
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Unsteady heat transfer and direct comparison to steady-state measurements in a rotor-wake experiment (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Circumferentially local and time-resolved heat transfer measurements were obtained for a circular cylinder in crossflow located downstream of a rotating spoked wheel wake generator in a steady flow tunnel. The unsteady heat transfer effects were obtained by developing an extension of a thin film gauge technique employed to date exclusively in short-duration facilities. The time-average thin film results and conventional steady-state heat transfer measurements were compared. Time-averaged wake-induced stagnation heat transfer enhancement levels above the nowake case were about 10% for the four cylinder Reynolds numbers. This enhancement level was nearly independent of bar passing frequency and was related directly to the time integral of the heat transfer spikes observed at the bar passing frequency. It is observed that the wake-induced heat transfer spikes have peak magnitudes averaging 30 to 40% above the interwake heat transfer level.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-87220 , E-2757 , NAS 1.15:87220 , International Heat Transfer Conference; Aug 17, 1986 - Aug 22, 1986; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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