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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (229)
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration  (155)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (118)
  • Humans  (82)
  • SOLAR PHYSICS
  • 2015-2019  (154)
  • 1985-1989  (489)
  • 1930-1934
  • 2019  (43)
  • 2017  (111)
  • 1986  (489)
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  • 2015-2019  (154)
  • 1985-1989  (489)
  • 1930-1934
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  • 1
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    Properties of Rubble-Pile Asteroid (101955) Bennu from OSIRIS-REx Imaging and Thermal Analysis (2019)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-14
    Description: Establishing the abundance and physical properties of regolith and boulders on asteroids is crucial for understanding the formation and degradation mechanisms at work on their surfaces. Using images and thermal data from NASA's Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) spacecraft, we show that asteroid (101955) Bennu's surface is globally rough, dense with boulders, and low in albedo. The number of boulders is surprising given Bennu's moderate thermal inertia, suggesting that simple models linking thermal inertia to particle size do not adequately capture the complexity relating these properties. At the same time, we find evidence for a wide range of particle sizes with distinct albedo characteristics. Our findings imply that ages of Bennu's surface particles span from the disruption of the asteroid's parent body (boulders) to recent in situ production (micrometre-scale particles).
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN67770 , Nature Astronomy (e-ISSN 2397-3366); 3; 341–351
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    OSIRIS-REx Contamination Control Strategy and Implementation (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: OSIRIS-REx will return pristine samples of carbonaceous asteroid Bennu. This manuscript describes how pristine was defined based on expectations of Bennu and on a realistic understanding of what is achievable with a constrained schedule and budget, and how that definition flowed to requirements and implementation. To return a pristine sample, the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft sampling hardware was maintained at Level 100 A/2 and less than 180 nanograms per square centimeter of amino acids and hydrazine on the sampler head through precision cleaning, control of materials, and vigilance. Contamination is further characterized via witness material exposed to the spacecraft assembly and testing environment as well as in space. This characterization provided knowledge of the expected background and will be used in conjunction with archived spacecraft components for comparison with the samples when they are delivered to Earth for analysis. Most of all, the cleanliness of the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft was achieved through communication between scientists, engineers, managers, and technicians.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN41800 , International Conference on the Origin of Life; Jul 16, 2018 - Jul 21, 2018; San Diego, CA; United States
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  • 3
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    OSIRIS-REx Contamination Control Strategy and Implementation (2017)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-26
    Description: OSIRIS-REx will return pristine samples of carbonaceous asteroid Bennu. This article describes how pristine was defined based on expectations of Bennu and on a realistic understanding of what is achievable with a constrained schedule and budget, and how that definition flowed to requirements and implementation. To return a pristine sample, the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft sampling hardware was maintained at level 100 A/2 and less than 180 ng/cm(exp 2) of amino acids and hydrazine on the sampler head through precision cleaning, control of materials, and vigilance. Contamination is further characterized via witness material exposed to the spacecraft assembly and testing environment as well as in space. This characterization provided knowledge of the expected background and will be used in conjunction with archived spacecraft components for comparison with the samples when they are delivered to Earth for analysis. Most of all, the cleanliness of the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft was achieved through communication among scientists, engineers, managers, and technicians.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN50790 , Space Science Review (ISSN 0038-6308) (e-ISSN 1572-9672); 214; 1; 19
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Episodes of Particle Ejection from the Surface of the Active Asteroid (101955) Bennu (2019)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-04
    Description: Active asteroids are those that show evidence of ongoing mass loss. We report repeated instances of particle ejection from the surface of (101955) Bennu, demonstrating that it is an active asteroid. The ejection events were imaged by the OSIRIS-REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and SecurityRegolith Explorer) spacecraft. For the three largest observed events, we estimated the ejected particle velocities and sizes, event times, source regions, and energies. We also determined the trajectories and photometric properties of several gravitationally bound particles that orbited temporarily in the Bennu environment. We consider multiple hypotheses for the mechanisms that lead to particle ejection for the largest events, including rotational disruption, electrostatic lofting, ice sublimation, phyllosilicate dehydration, meteoroid impacts, thermal stress fracturing, and secondary impacts.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN76455 , Science (ISSN 0036-8075) (e-ISSN 1095-9203); 366; 6470; eaay3544
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  • 5
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    Spectral Characterization of Analog Samples in Anticipation of OSIRIS-REx's Arrival at Bennu (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: NASA's Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission successfully launched on September 8th, 2016. During its rendezvous with near-Earth asteroid (101955) Bennu beginning in 2018, OSIRIS-REx will characterize the asteroid's physical, mineralogical, and chemical properties in an effort to globally map the properties of Bennu, a primitive carbonaceous asteroid, and choose a sampling location [e.g. 1]. In preparation for these observations, we spectrally characterized a suite of analog samples across visible, near- and thermal-infrared wavelengths and used these in initial tests of phase detection and abundance determination software algorithms. Here we present the thermal infrared laboratory measurements of the analog sample suite measured under asteroidlike conditions, which are relevant to the interpretation of spectroscopic observations by the OSIRIS-REx Thermal Emission Spectrometer (OTES) [2, 3]. This suite of laboratory measurements of asteroid analogs under asteroid-like conditions is the first of their kind.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JSC-CN-38849 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 20, 2017 - Mar 24, 2017; The Woodlands, TX; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of metastasis-associated cell surface glycoproteins and mRNA in a murine large cell lymphoma (1986)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 31 (1986), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor metastasis ; gene expression ; oncogenes ; virus antigens ; glycoproteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A metastatic variant cell subline of the Abelson virus-transformed murine large lymphoma/lymphosarcoma RAW 117 has been selected in vivo ten times for liver colonization. Highly metastatic subline RAW117-H10 forms greater than 200 times as many gross surface liver tumor nodules as the parental line RAW117-P. Analysis of cellular proteins and glycoproteins indicates reduced expression of murine Moloney leukemia virus-associated p15, p30, and gp70, and increased expression of a sialoglycoprotein, gp150, in the highly metastatic H10 cells. Northern analyses of oncogene expression suggested that mRNA of various oncogenes was expressed equally or not expressed in the RAW117 cells of differing metastatic potential. Differential gene expression was examined using a cDNA library of 17,600 clones established from poly A+ mRNA isolated from H10 cells. The cDNA library was screened by the colony hybridization technique using probes made from both RAW117-P and -H10 cells. Approximately 99.5% of these cDNA clones were expressed identically in P and H10 cells. Of the few differentially expressed cDNA clones (approx. 150/17,600), one-half of these were identified as Moloney leukemia virus sequences in a separate probing with a radiolabeled Moloney leukemia virus probe. The remainder of the differentially expressed mRNA detected by colony hybridization of the cDNA library were expressed at higher levels (approx. 1/6) or lower levels (approx. 1/3) in the highly metastatic H10 cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240310408
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
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    Multiple, distinct forms of bovine and human protein kinase C suggest diversity in cellular signaling pathways (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-08-22
    Description: A new family of protein kinase C-related genes has been identified in bovine, human, and rat genomes. The alpha-, beta-, and gamma-type protein kinase sequences are highly homologous, include a kinase domain, and potential calcium-binding sites, and they contain interspersed variable regions. The corresponding genes are located on distinct human chromosomes; the possibility of even greater genetic complexity of this gene family is suggested by Northern and Southern hybridization analyses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coussens, L -- Parker, P J -- Rhee, L -- Yang-Feng, T L -- Chen, E -- Waterfield, M D -- Francke, U -- Ullrich, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 22;233(4766):859-66.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3755548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Dna ; Genes ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Protein Kinase C/*genetics ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 8
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    Occultation studies of the solar system (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Determination of the size, shape, mean density, and albedo of Ceres was made. Predictions for 133 occultations of bright stars occurring in 1986 and 1987 were completed and published, as have predictions of occultations of stars by Comet Halley. Twenty-nine mutual events involving Galilean satellites were observed at Flagstaff in 1985.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA, Washington Reports of Planetary Astronomy, 1985; p 108-109
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    The molecular gas in the supernova remnant IC443 (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Although a few highly perturbed regions characterized by gas motions with velocities larger than 20 km/s have been discovered during the last several years in the supernova remnant (SNR) IC 443, the nature of these perturbed clumps and their relationship to the quiescent molecular gas near the SNR remains unknown. In part, this is due to a lack of large-scale, high angular resolution observations. Therefore, a systematic survey of this SNR in the CO (J=1 yields 0) line has been conducted, covering a roughly 50' x 50' region spaced by 2'. The observations were made with the 14 m telescope of the Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO), which has a resolution of 45" and a single sideband receiver temperature of 200 K at 2.6 mm wavelength. Five new clumps were discovered, bringing the total number of known perturbed regions to eight. To study the physical structure of these clumps in more detail, more complete maps of the clumps have been made in both the CO(J=1 yields 0) and (J=2 yields 1) transitions with the FCRAO telescope. These maps show that the extent of perturbed gas in a typical clump is several arcmin, or a few pc at a distance of 1.5 kpc.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Research Center Summer School on Interstellar Processes: Abstracts of Contributed Papers; p 69-70
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  • 10
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    Spectral Properties of Hydrated Poorly Crystalline Materials for Spectral Analysis of the Moon and Mars (2019)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: Visible/near-infrared (VNIR) reflectance spectra of both Mars [1] and the Moon [2] include hydration bands that vary across the planet and are not well explained in some cases. Poorly crystalline phases have been found at ~30-70 wt.% by CheMin in Gale crater, Mars in all samples measured to date [3]. Here we report on VNIR reflectance spectra of a large collection of amorphous and poorly crystalline materials. These include opal, allophane, imogolite, iron hydroxides/ oxyhydroxides (FeOx), and several synthetic materials containing Si, Al and/or Fe. All of these contain hydration bands due to water and OH that can be used to identify these materials remotely on planetary bodies.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JSC-E-DAA-TN66032 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 18, 2019 - Mar 22, 2019; Woodlands, TX; United States
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