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  • Chemistry  (24)
  • knowledge-base refinement  (2)
  • Gene regulation
  • Geophysics
  • 1985-1989  (27)
  • 1989  (8)
  • 1988  (14)
  • 1986  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supporting Start-to-Finish Development of Knowledge Bases (1989)
    Springer
    Machine learning 4 (1989), S. 259-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0885-6125
    Keywords: knowledge-acquisition tools ; knowledge-base refinement ; knowledge-base development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Developing knowledge bases using knowledge-acquisition tools is difficult because each stage of development requires performing a distinct knowledge-acquisition task. This paper describes these different tasks and surveys current tools that perform them. It also addresses two issues confronting tools for start-to-finish development of knowledge bases. The first issue is how to support multiple stages of development. This paper describes Protos, a knowledge-acquisition tool that adjusts the training it expects and assistance it provides as its knowledge grows. The second issue is how to integrate new information into a large knowledge base. This issue is addressed in the description of a second tool, KI, that evaluates new information to determine its consequences for existing knowledge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022650621889
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supporting start-to-finish development of knowledge bases (1989)
    Springer
    Machine learning 4 (1989), S. 259-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0885-6125
    Keywords: knowledge-acquisition tools ; knowledge-base refinement ; knowledge-base development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Developing knowledge bases using knowledge-acquisition tools is difficult because each stage of development requires performing a distinct knowledge-acquisition task. This paper describes these different tasks and surveys current tools that perform them. It also addresses two issues confronting tools for start-to-finish development of knowledge bases. The first issue is how to support multiple stages of development. This paper describes Protos, a knowledge-acquisition tool that adjusts the training it expects and assistance it provides as its knowledge grows. The second issue is how to integrate new information into a large knowledge base. This issue is addressed in the description of a second tool, KI, that evaluates new information to determine its consequences for existing knowledge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00130714
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal location of genes controlling heat shock proteins in hexaploid wheat (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 873-878 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Heat shock proteins ; 2D electrophoresis ; Triticum aestivum ; Gene location ; Gene regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The low molecular weight heat shock protein (HSP) profiles of the hexaploid wheat cultivar “Chinese Spring” and its ditelosomic series were characterized by isoelectric focusing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of denatured in vivo radiolabeled proteins. Comparisons of the ditelosomics (DTs) to the euploid “Chinese Spring” enabled the assignment of genes controlling 9 of the 13 targeted HSPs to seven chromosome arms. There did not appear to be a genome-specific action in the regulation of expression of these HSPs. There did appear to be a higher frequency of controlling genes within homoeologous DT lines 3, 4 and 7. Significant variation in protein quantity was evident among the DT lines for some HSPs, while other HSPs were remarkably stable in their expression across all DTs examined. The results are useful in identifying specific DT lines for the investigation of HSP functions in hexaploid wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266674
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 1-1 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760290102
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyesters II: A review of phase behavior in binary blends: Amorphous, crystalline, liquid crystalline, and on transreaction (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 55-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermal and mechanical studies on many linear polyesters have revealed their behavior in crystalline, liquid crystalline, and amorphous phases. Their phase behavior in binary compositions has also been studied by a range of additional techniques and in combinations including the polycarbonate of bisphenol-A. Regions of amorphous compatibility and incompatibility have been identified and measures made of transition temperature changes with composition. The conditions for transreaction have also been determined and the properties measured for the resultant new copolymers.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760290110
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melt transcrystallization of polyethylene on high modulus polyethylene fibers (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 1945-1953 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A polytheylene composite was prepared and tested. It was consisted of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix and uniaxial gel-spun high-modulus PE fiber. Aided by the similarity between matrix and fiber, transcrystallization of HDPE melt on the PE fiber surface was generated. Nucleating agents were not employed. The transcrystalline growth of HDPE on the PE fiber surface was found to consist of an inner and an outer zone. The inner zone, 2-3 μm thick, is composed of HDPE crystals nucleated on the PE fiber surface. Photomicrographs showed a well-defined region of row-nucleated HDPE on the surface of PE fiber. This means the fibrils of HDPE were found to grow out from the PE fiber axis and HDPE crystallites are oriented in planes perpendicular to the PE fiber axis. The fiber in the composite induced the transcrystalline growth of HDPE on the PE fiber surface at higher temperature than on cooling the melt. For 36 wt% fiber, the increase was 2.5°C, also resulting in ∼ 10% more crystals. Crystallization of a composite with 50 wt% fiber at 124°C involved two steps: The first a fast transcrystallization of HDPE on the PE fiber surface followed by the bulk crystallization of the HDPE.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350720
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of glutathione conjugates by fast atom bombardment/tandem mass spectrometry (1988)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 15 (1988), S. 615-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The collisionally activated decomposition of [M + H]+ ions, generated by fast atom bombardment (FAB) of glutathione conjugates, has been studied by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using hybrid sector/quadrupole instruments. Abundant fragments of diagnostic utility were present in the daughter ion spectra. Common fragmentation modes were observed but their relative importance was strongly dependent on the nature of the conjugated species. As an example of a general approach to the characterization of glutathione conjugates in biological samples, the acetaminophen-glutathione conjugate was identified in rat bile, following coadministration of (2H0)- and (2H3)acetaminophen, using the experimental sequence: (i) conventional FAB mass spectrometric analysis, (ii) MS/MS using constant neutral loss (129 u) scanning to identify parent ions corresponding to glutathione conjugates, (iii) MS/MS to yield daughter ion spectra of parents so identified and corresponding to (2H0)- and (2H3)-labeled conjugates.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200151107
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproducibility in capillary supercritical fluid chromatography: Comparison of injection techniques (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 11 (1988), S. 29-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary supercritical fluid chromatography ; Injection techniques ; Reproducibility ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An analysis of the precision obtained using commercially available microvalve injectors is reported for three modes of injection: conventional split; timed-split; and direct. Results from this study show that good precision (〈 3% RSD for external standard and 〈 1% RSD for internal standard methods) can be obtained with capillary supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). However, particular attention must be paid to the type of valve used, the orientation of the column relative to the valve, the mode of interfacing or connecting the column to the valve, and the type of pressure or density programming used for the analysis as all of these factors will affect the reproducibility.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110109
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A deformation induced order-disorder transition in isotactic polypropylene (1988)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 28 (1988), S. 842-851 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In this study, isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) has been deformed by uniaxial compression to draw ratios up to 16×, and at draw temperatures from 30°C to 140°C. An order-disorder transition in the crystals is observed at draw temperatures well above the stability limit, 70°C, reported for the disordered phase; Furthermore, this disordered phase (called smectic) is found to induce ductility and improve the efficiency of draw. The deformation induced smectic phase has been characterized using WAXS, DSC, and on-line compression load versus draw ratio measurements. In consequence, a set of process conditions are offered to optimize draw. A mechanism for plastic deformation of i-PP is also suggested, using the smectic phase as a probe.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760281304
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deformation of semicrystalline polymers via crystal-crystal phase transition (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 26 (1988), S. 1049-1057 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A classification is given of flexible, semicrystalline polymers based on the early stage deformation behavior in the solid state. The criteria of each category are discussed with experimental evidence from the literature on 17 polymers. The central aim of this classification is to point out the possibility of ductility induced during deformation. The understanding of the induced ductility in a given semicrystalline polymer suggests a systematic route to optimize solid-state deformation processes for achieving high draw ratios.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1988.090260509
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