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  • 1
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    Magnetotail energy storage and release during the CDAW 6 substorm analysis intervals (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The concept of the Coordinated Data Analysis Workshop (CDAW) grew out of the International Magnetospheric Study (IMS) program. According to this concept, data are to be pooled from a wide variety of spacecraft and ground-based sources for limited time intervals. These data are to provide the basis for the performance of very detailed correlative analyses, usually with fairly limited physical problems in mind. However, in the case of the CDAW 6 truly global goals are involved. The primary goal is to trace the flow of energy from the solar wind through the magnetosphere to its ultimate dissipation by substorm processes. The present investigation has the specific goal to examine the evidence for the storage of solar wind energy in the magnetotail prior to substorm expansion phase onsets. Of particular interest is the determination, in individual substorm cases, of the time delays between the loading of energy into the magnetospheric system and the subsequent unloading of this energy.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 1205-121
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  • 2
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    Comparison of Forecast and Observed Energetics (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-09
    Description: An energetics analysis scheme was developed to compare the observed kinetic energy balance over North America with that derived from forecast cyclone case. It is found that: (1) the observed and predicted kinetic energy and eddy conversion are in good qualitative agreement, although the model eddy conversion tends to be 2 to 3 times stronger than the observed values. The eddy conversion which is stronger in the 12 h forecast than in observations and may be due to several factors is studied; (2) vertical profiles of kinetic energy generation and dissipation exhibit lower and upper tropospheric maxima in both the forecast and observations; and (3) a lag in the observational analysis with the maximum in the observed kinetic energy occurring at 0000 GMT 14 January over the same region as the maximum Eddy conversion 12 h earlier is noted.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Res. Rev., 1983; p 73-76
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    An ISEE 3 study of average and substorm conditions in the distant magnetotail (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Both average and substorm conditions in the distant magnetotail were investigated using ISEE 3 magnetic field and plasma observations. The diameter of the tail, the strength of the lobe magnetic fields, and their dependence on downstream distance were all found to agree well with the flaring tail models of magnetopause geometry and pressure balance. The gradual filling of the lobes by mantle plasma reported in previous ISEE 3 studies were further investigated, and the results were found to be in qualitative agreement with leaky magnetopause model of Pilipp and Morfill (1978). The variations of plasma parameters with X + or -Y, and AE in the plasma sheet were examined. At all distances, the greatest tailward flow speeds were found to be directly proportional to the embedded southward B(z). THe magnitudes of tailward V(x) and southward B(z) are directly proportional to the level of substorm activity near the earth as measured by the AE index.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 10
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  • 4
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    Synopsis of the D- and E-regions during the energy budget campaign (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Electron density profiles derived from rocket-borne measurements are presented. These data were obtained at two different sites in northern Scandinavia under various degrees of geophysical disturbance. The observed electron density profiles are related to ionospheric absorption as observed with the dense riometer network in that area.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics (ISSN 0021-9169); 47; 89-100
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  • 5
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    A New Global Geomorphology? (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Geomorphology is entering a new era of discovery and scientific excitement centered on expanding scales of concern in both time and space. The catalysts for this development include technological advances in global remote sensing systems, mathematical modeling, and the dating of geomorphic surfaces and processes. Even more important are new scientific questions centered on comparative planetary geomorphology, the interaction of tectonism with landscapes, the dynamics of late Cenozoic climatic changes, the influence of cataclysmic processes, the recognition of extremely ancient landforms, and the history of the world's hydrologic systems. These questions all involve feedback relationships with allied sciences that have recently yielded profound developments.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Global Mega-Geomorphology; p 9
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Magnetospheric impulse response for many levels of geomagnetic activity (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The temporal relationship between the solar wind and magnetospheric activity has been studied using 34 intervals of high time resolution IMP 8 solar wind data and the corresponding AL auroral activity index. The median values of the AL index for each interval were utilized to rank the intervals according to geomagnetic activity level. The linear prediction filtering technique was then applied to model magnetospheric response as measured by the AL index to the solar wind input function VB(s). The linear prediction filtering routine produces a filter of time-lagged response coefficients which estimates the most general linear relationship between the chosen input and output parameters of the magnetospheric system. It is found that the filters are composed of two response pulses speaking at time lags of 20 and 60 min. The amplitude of the 60-min pulse is the larger for moderate activity levels, while the 20-min pulse is the larger for strong activity levels. A possible interpretation is that the 20-min pulse represents magnetospheric activity driven directly by solar wind coupling and that the 60-min pulse represents magnetospheric activity driven by the release of energy previously stored in the magnetotail. If this interpretation is correct, the linear filtering results suggest that both the driven and the unloading models of magnetospheric response are important facets of a more comprehensive response model.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 6387-639
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  • 7
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    Correlated observations of substorm effects in the near-earth region and the deep magnetotail (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Simultaneous observations of energetic particle measurements from the geosynchronous satellite 1982-019 and magnetic field, electron plasma, and energetic proton and electron measurements obtained with ISEE 3 in the deep tail are presented. The data are supplemented by ground magnetograms. A substorm occurred on March 22, 1983, close to 0300 UT as identified in the ground magnetograms and by a particle injection at geosynchronous orbit. About 10 min later, ISEE 3 observed (at a distance of approximately 130 RE in the deep tail) magnetic field, plasma, and energetic particle signatures consistent with the passage of a plasmoid. After the passage of the plasmoid the satellite enters shortly into a lobelike environment, in which an energetic proton beam is observed. High-resolution magnetic field data are indicative of small-scale structures in the postplasmoid plasma sheet. From the plasma sheet flow speed during the plasmoid's passage it is concluded that the 0300 UT substorm is responsible for its origin. This allows an approximate timing of the plasmoid release at a near-earth neutral line and of the plasma sheet recovery after substorm onset, and it indicates a close relationship between processes in the near-earth plasma sheet and the deep tail during substorms.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 4021-402
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  • 8
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    Solar wind variations and geomagnetic storms - A study of individual storms based on high time resolution ISEE 3 data (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Two independent methods are employed to determine the relationship between the parameter epsilon and total energy dissipation rate of the magnetosphere U sub T by selecting disturbed periods from the same data d set used by Baker et al. (1983). Specifically, four storms are examined in detail, since the accuracy of estimating U sub T is significantly improved during disturbed periods. The first method assumes that U sub T = M sub A exp.2- alpha(epsilon) where M sub A is the Alfven Mach number and alpha varies with time. The second method considers a linear, time-invariant dynamic system with epsilon as input and U sub T as output. This means that U sub T = W(asterisk)epsilon where asterisk is the convolution and W is a transfer function characteristic of the system. It is found that alpha values fluctuate mainly between 0 and -0.25. The transfer function analysis indicates that W often resembles a delta-function or a narrow rectangular impulse. Both results give the same implication (namely that U sub T is approximately equal to epsilon) and thus are consistent with the view that the magnetosphere is primarily a directly driven system during disturbed periods.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 325-340
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  • 9
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    North-south and dawn-dusk plasma asymmetries in the distant tail lobes - ISEE 3 (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: ISEE 3 plasma measurements made in the distant geomagnetic tail during rapid traversals of the current sheet from one lobe to the other show that the lobe densities on opposite sides of the current sheet often differ by a factor of approximately 3-10 or more. On the dawnside of the tail the north lobe plasma has the higher density when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) has a +By component, and the south lobe plasma has the higher density when the IMF has a -By component. The sense of this asymmetry is reversed on the dusk-side of the tail. Such IMF-controlled asymmetries in lobe plasma density are consistent with earlier observations made much closer to earth and can be interpreted most simply as a consequence of an 'open' geomagnetic tail.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 6354-636
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  • 10
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    Slow-mode shocks - A semipermanent feature of the distant geomagnetic tail (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A survey is made of the relative frequency of encounters with slow-mode shocks observed by ISEE 3 in the distant geomagnetic tail. The association of these shocks with the phase of substorm activity as evidenced by enhanced currents in the auroral ionosphere and enhanced energetic-particle populations at geostationary orbit is also documented. During the 25 days between January 18 and February 11, 1983, 26 unambiguous examples of slow shocks were observed. Although a very strong association with the level of geomagnetic activity is found, shocks were observed during all phases of substorm activity including one during quiet conditions. Slow-mode shocks must therefore be a semipermanent feature of the bounding surfaces which separate lobe and plasma sheet particle populations in the distant geomagnetic tail.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 233-240
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