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  • GEOPHYSICS  (187)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (125)
  • 1985-1989  (312)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1985  (312)
  • 1
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    Emplacement of Long Lava Flows on Mauna Loa (hawaii) and Alba (mars) (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-08
    Description: Spacecraft images revealed that extremely long lava flows (more than 200 km long) exist on the surface of Mars and Io. Compared to terrestial volcanic eruptions, the occurrence of these long flows is very unusual, and may hint at a different style of either magma production or eruption. Attempts to model the emplacement of the long flows on other planets, using a Bingham rheological model, were only partially successful. The objective is to conduct field measurements on long lava flows in Hawaii (where individual flows such as those of 1859 and 1881 exceed 40 km in length) in order to document and interpret their flow characteristics. In this way, a better understanding of the formation of long lava flows is sought as well as a determination of whether the Mauna Loa flows are terrestrial analogs to the long flows seen on Mars and Io.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. and Geophys. Program; p 248-250
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Examination of returned solar-max surfaces for impacting orbital debris and meteoroids (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Previous theoretical studies predicted that in certain regions of earth orbit, the man-made earth orbiting debris environment will soon exceed the interplanetary meteoroid environment for sizes smaller than 1 cm. The surfaces returned from the repaired Solar Max Mission (SMM) by STS 41-C on April 12, 1984, offered an excellent opportunity to examine both the debris and meteoroid environments. To date, approximately 0.7 sq. met. of the thermal insulation and 0.05 sq. met of the aluminum louvers have been mapped by optical microscope for crater diameters larger than 40 microns. Craters larger in diameter than about 100 microns found on the initial 75 micron thick Kapton first sheet on the MEB (Main Electronics Box) blanket are actually holes and constitute perforations through that blanket. The following populations have been found to date in impact sites on these blankets: (1) meteoritic material; (2) thermal paint particles; (3) aluminum droplets; and (4) waste particles.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst. 16th Lunar and Planetary Sci. Conf.; p 42-43
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    The neutral wind 'flywheel' as a source of quiet-time, polar-cap currents (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The neutral wind pattern over the summer polar cap can be driven by plasma convection to resemble the convection pattern. For a north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field Bz directed southward, the wind speeds in the conducting E-region can become approximately 25 percent of the electric field drift speeds. If convection ceases, this neutral wind distribution can drive a significant polar cap current system for approximately 6 hours. The currents are reversed from those driven by the electric fields for southward Bz, and the Hall and field-aligned components of the current system resemble those observed during periods of northward Bz. The current magnitudes are similar to those observed during periods of small, northward Bz; however, observations indicate that electric fields often contribute to the currents as much as, or more than, the neutral winds.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 12; 101-104
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  • 4
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    Transport of ozone in the middle stratosphere - Evidence for planetary wave breaking (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Data from the Nimbus 7 Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) for the period October 25, 1978-May 28, 1979 are used in a descriptive study of ozone variations in the middle stratosphere. It is shown that the ozone distribution is strongly influenced by irreversible deformation associated with large amplitude planetary-scale waves. This process, which has been described by McIntyre and Palmer as planetary wave breaking, takes place throughout the 3-30 mb layer, and poleward transport of ozone within this layer occurs in narrow tongues drawn on the tropics and subtropics in association with major and minor warming events. These events complement the zonal mean diabatic circulation in producing significant changes in the total column amount of ozone.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (ISSN 0022-4928); 42; 230-244
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  • 5
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    Heavy ion beam-ionosphere interactions - Electron acceleration (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Moore et al. (1982) described a number of unexpected effects which were observed during the first Argon Release Controlled Study (ARCS 1, or rocket flight 29:014). The present paper provides a description of detailed analyses of the interaction of the argon beam with the ionosphere. An important feature of the considered test was that all detectors and the Ar(+) gun remained attached to the rocket throughout the flight. It is pointed out that the most dramatic effect of ion gun operation on ARCS 1 involved large changes in the fluxes of electrons with energies below about 600 eV. The observations are discussed, taking into account the distribution functions, azimuth dependence, and electron and ion trajectories. Attention is given to the perpendicular ion beam, the parallel ion beam, the acceleration of downgoing and upgoing electrons, and aspects of wave generation.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 9595-961
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  • 6
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    SM-ND isotopic studies of proterozoic anorthosites Systematics and implications (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Sm-Nd isotopic studies of anorthosites can be used to provide information on their ages of crystallization and metamorphism, contamination history, and mantle sources. Proterozoic anorthosites in the Grenville and Nain Provinces of eastern North America crystallized between about 1100 and 1600 Ma, and some were metamorphosed at about 1000 Ma. Grenville Province anorthosite massifs were derived from depleted mantle. It is not clear whether massifs and related mafic intrusions throughout the Nain Province of Labrador were derived from enriched mantle, or were contaminated by early Archean (greater than 3500 Ma) silicic crustal materials, heretofore thought to be restricted to coastal Labrador.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 7
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    Global lower mesospheric water vapor revealed by LIMS observations (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratospheric water vapor channel data analysis has been extended from the 1. mb level (about 48 km) to the .3 mb level (about 60 km) through a radiance averaging procedure and better understanding of systematic errors. The data show H2O mixing ratio peaks near the .5 mb level varying from 4 to 7 ppmv with latitude and season. Above this level the mixing ratio drops off quickly with altitude, but, due to experimental uncertainties, at an uncertain rate. The stratospheric results are virtually the same as determined from the archived LIMS results with a tropical hygropause and enhanced H2O concentration in the lower levels at high winter latitudes.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 8
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    Free radicals in the stratosphere - A new observational technique (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A new approach to in situ observations of trace reactive species in the stratosphere is described. A balloon-borne system, floating 40 kilometers above the earth's surface, successfully lowered and then retracted a cluster of instruments a distance of 12 kilometers on a filament of Kevlar. This instrument cluster is capable of detecting gas-phase free radicals at the part-per-trillion level. The suspended instrument array has excellent stability and has been used to measured atomic oxygen concentrations in the stratosphere.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 228; 1309-131
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  • 9
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    Measurements of the E region neutral wind field (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The neutral E-region wind field was measured at Calgary, Canada (51 N, 114 N) during 75 nights in 1982. Observations of the Doppler shift of the 5577-A emission line of atomic oxygen using a Fabry-Perot interferometer were converted to horizontal wind vectors. From the analysis of the data, four categories of wind characteristics were identified. In order of increasing magnetic activity these categories are: (1) wind field mostly variable in space and time; (2) predominantly equatorward flow throughout the night, (3) predominantly poleward flow throughout the night and (4) north-westward flow before midnight and southward after midnight. The wind magnitude was also variable and on some disturbed days exceeded 200 m/s.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Planetary and Space Science (ISSN 0032-0633); 33; 373-379
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  • 10
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    Isotope analysis of crystalline impact melt rocks from Apollo 16 stations 11 and 13, North Ray Crater (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The North Ray Crater Target Rock Consortium was formed to study a large number of rake samples collected at Apollo 16 stations 11 and 13 with comparative chemical, mineralogical, and chronological techniques in order to provide a larger data base for the discussion of lunar highland evolution in the vicinity of the Apollo 16 landing region. The present investigation is concerned with Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic analyses of a number of whole-rock samples of feldspathic microporhyritic (FM) impact melt, a sample type especially abundant among the North Ray crater (station 11) sample collection. Aspects of sample mineralogy and analytical procedures are discussed, taking into account FM impact melt rocks 6715 and 63538, intergranular impact melt rock 67775, subophitic impact melt rock 67747, subophitic impact melt rock 67559, and studies based on the utilization of electron microscopy and mass spectroscopy.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research, Supplement (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; C431-C44
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