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  • hypertension  (19)
  • nitrogen
  • Springer  (20)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Elsevier
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (20)
  • 1985  (20)
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Schlagwörter
Verlag/Herausgeber
  • Springer  (20)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Elsevier
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (20)
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ro 31-1118, a new cardioselective β-adrenoceptor antagonist (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 395-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): Ro 31-1118 ; cardioselectivity ; hypertension ; pharmacokinetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Five patients with mild hypertension were given single oral doses of Ro 31-1118 (10, 20, 40, and 80 mg) and placebo in a randomized, double-blind, within-patient study. Plasma concentrations of Ro 31-1118 and supine, standing, exercise, and post-exercise heart rates and blood pressures were measured before and at regular intervals after drug administration. The pharmacokinetic data were consistent with a one-compartment model with first-order absorption and a variable time lag. Peak plasma concentrations and area under curve were linearly related to dose, whereas time to peak concentration, half-time, clearance and apparent volume of distribution were dose-independent. There was a reduction in exercise and post-exercise heart rate of approximately 10% after 10 mg and 20 mg Ro 31-1118, and of approximately 15% after 40 mg and 80 mg. At all doses standing systolic blood pressure was reduced by approximately 5%. A similar fall was seen in exercise and post-exercise systolic blood pressures. There was no substantial effect of Ro 31-1118 on supine or standing heart rates nor on diastolic blood pressure. No adverse effects were reported. It is concluded that Ro 31-1118 has linear pharmacokinetics over the dose range 10–80 mg, and has a weak antihypertensive effect when administered in single doses to patients with mild hypertension.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613451
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of once daily endralazine with placebo in the treatment of hypertension uncontrolled by a beta-blocker and diuretic (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 401-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): endralazine ; hypertension ; once daily dosing ; atenolol ; propranolol
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary We report the first placebo controlled parallel group study of once daily endralazine (5–20 mg) in hypertension uncontrolled by a beta-blocker plus a diuretic. Following a 4-week run-in period 22 patients with a sitting mean arterial pressure (MAP) greater than 110 mm Hg were entered into the study and received either endralazine 5 mg or placebo. Blood pressure was measured 2 h and 24 h after dosing and the drug dose doubled at 2 and 4 weeks if the 24-h MAP remained 〉110 mg Hg. The final blood pressure assessment was made after 6 weeks treatment in the 19 patients who completed the study. Three patients withdrew from the study because of side effects. The hypotensive effect (sitting) was in excess of placebo at 2 h by 15.8 mm Hg systolic (NS), 15.4 mm Hg diastolic (p〈0.01), 15.5 mm Hg MAP (p〈0.02) and at 24 hours by 7.7 mm Hg systolic (NS), 8.9 mm Hg diastolic (p〈0.02) and 11.1 mm Hg MAP (p〈0.02). This study suggests that endralazine should be prescribed twice daily.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613452
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Treatment of essential hypertension: Changes in blood pressure echocardiography and electrocardiography on three therapeutic regimes (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 119-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): hypertension ; cardiac hypertrophy ; echocardiography ; therapeutic regimes ; beta-receptor blockade ; hydralazine ; methyl-dopa
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Forty-three patients with essential hypertension were randomly allocated to one of the following treatment regimes; — atenolol, atenolol and hydralazine or methyl dopa. Blood pressure fell into the normal range at 3 months and was similar in all 3 groups. Blood pressure remained controlled over the period of study. M-mode echocardiography was assessed initially, at 3, 6 and 12 months. All groups showed a fall in the measured indices towards the normal range with a significant reduction in left ventricular wall thickness at 3 months in the methyl dopa group and left ventricular mass in the atenolol group alone of 6 months. In conclusion, no one treatment regime appeared to have sustained advantages over another and none of the groups showed any deterioration on echocardiographic criteria during the study.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609677
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stimulation of aldosterone secretion by metoclopramide is not affected by chronic converting enzyme inhibition (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 207-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): metoclopramide ; enalapril ; aldosterone secretion ; dopamine receptors ; hypertension
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary To assess if dopaminergic control of aldosterone secretion is mediated by the renin-angiotensin system, the effect of chronic angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition by enalapril on the aldosterone response to metoclopramide has been studied in 10 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Enalapril reduced supine blood pressure and increased the heart rate significantly. Plasma renin activity and urinary sodium excretion rose significantly. PRA was not changed by metoclopramide, neither during placebo nor during enalapril treatment. Metoclopramide induced a two-fold increase in plasma aldosterone, the peak response being reached within 15 min. Enalapril treatment did not alter the aldosterone response to metoclopramide. Dopaminergic control of aldosterone secretion appears to be independent of the renin-angiotensin system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547423
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Felodipine in hypertension (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 383-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): felodipine ; hypertension ; calcium antagonist ; vasodilator ; side-effects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Felodipine, a selective arteriolar dilator, was given to 13 hypertensive patients to assess its hypotensive effects and duration of action. Nine patients were treated with 5 mg three times a day and 4 with 10 mg three times a day. Mean blood pressures fell with both treatment regimens: 5 mg placebo 170/103 mmHg; 5 mg felodipine 148/91 mmHg; 10 mg placebo 154/93 mmHg; 10 mg felodipine 137/82 mmHg. Heart rates increased as blood pressures fell with both treatments. However, in the patients given 5 mg three times a day this effect was less noticeable after successive doses. Plasma concentrations of noradrenaline, both resting and tilted, increased after felodipine. There was a negative correlation between the fall in blood pressure and the increase in noradrenaline, suggesting that those patients with good baroreceptor reflexes were better able to counteract the effects of vasodilatation. Four of the nine patients treated with 5 mg felodipine three times a day experienced mild and transient adverse effects. Of the four patients treated with 10 mg three times a day, three experienced moderate to severe headache, and for this reason recruitment into this group was stopped. Felodipine at a divided daily dose of 15 mg effectively lowered blood pressure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613449
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparison of labetalol and prazosin combined with atenolol in non-responders to atenolol plus hydrochlorothiazide in uncomplicated hypertension (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 507-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): hypertension ; labetalol ; prazosin ; hydrochlorothiazide ; side-effects ; therapeutic efficacy ; atenolol
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary After screening two local populations in the northern part of The Netherlands for hypertension, patients with a diastolic pressure (DP) between 95 and 120 mmHg were treated daily either with 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide or 100 mg atenolol. Non-responders were given the combination and if necessary the dose of atenolol was increased to 200 mg. Non-responders to the latter combination were randomized and treated either with 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide and labetalol or with 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide, 200 mg atenolol and prazosin. If after 1 month a DP≤90 mmHg had been reached the patient was reassessed after a further 3 months. If a DP〉90 mmHg was found the dose of labetalol or prazosin was increased and the patient was re-examined after 1 month. This protocol was followed until the maximum dose was reached or adverse reactions prevented a further increase in dosage. During 6 months of treatment there was a further drop in systolic and diastolic blood pressures under both regimens of, respectively, 8.6 and 2.4 mmHg for labetalol, and 7.7 and 5.0 mmHg for the prazosin group. At the end of the period the average daily doses of labetalol and prazosin were 1256 mg and 4.3 mg, respectively. There was no significant difference in the average number of complaints between the labetalol and the prazosin group.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544059
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide on the response to pressor agents in hypertensives (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 5-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): captopril ; hydrochlorothiazide ; hypertension ; vascular reactivity ; norepinephrine ; angiotensin II
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The effect on arterial pressure of incremental doses of norepinephrine (2 to 10 µg/min) and angiotensin II (50 to 800 ng/min) administered over 10 min periods was studied in sodium-replete hypertensive patients after crossover oral treatments with placebo, captopril 50 mg in a single dose, captopril 50 mg three times daily for one week and hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg daily for a week. Neither captopril nor hydrochlorothiazide affected the dose response to infusions of angiotensin II. In comparison to placebo responses, however, both single and multiple-dose captopril therapy, and hydrochlorothiazide attenuated the pressor responses to infusions of norepinephrine. Captopril significantly depressed angiotensin converting enzyme activity from predose levels and angiotensin II infusions significantly elevated plasma aldosterone concentrations. These results confirm findings reported for single dose captopril in normotensive volunteers and indicate that attenuation of the vascular responsiveness to sympathetic stimulation may contribute to the antihypertensive effects of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide therapy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00635700
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Polymorphic metabolism of metoprolol: Clinical studies (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 85-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): debrisoquine oxidation ; metoprolol metabolism ; oxidation phenotype ; β-blockade ; hypertension
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary After a single 200 mg oral dose of metoprolol tartrate the mean metoprolol AUC was found to be six-fold higher in poor metabolizers (PMs) of debrisoquine than in extensive metabolizers (EMs). This was associated with impaired metabolic clearance via α-hydroxylation and O-dealkylation. A population study (n=143) has shown a bimodal distribution in the ratio of metoprolol: α-hydroxymetoprolol recovered in urine which was correlated highly with the debrisoquine metabolic ratio. Nine per cent of the population were PMs. Plasma metoprolol concentrations three hours after a 100 mg oral dose of metoprolol were greater than 200 ng/ml in PMs but were lower than this in most EMs. This dose of metoprolol given once daily provided a clinically significant reduction (16%) in exercise heart rate in PMs after 24 hours. EMs require conventional doses (100 mg b.d.) to achieve the same degree of β-blockade. Preliminary data from family studies support the view that the defect in metoprolol oxidation is inherited. In 12 hypertensive patients who were EMs we compared the β-blocking activity and antihypertensive effect of chronic treatment with metoprolol 200 mg once daily (conventional and long-acting formulations), with those of atenolol 100 mg once daily and placebo. The effects of all active preparations were similar at 3.5 hours but atenolol was superior to all metoprolol formulations at 24 hours after dosing. It is concluded that for the majority of patients metoprolol should be prescribed twice daily when using currently available dosage forms. Relationships between oxidation phenotype and side-effects should be examined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00543716
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of atenolol 50 mg and 100 mg as initial treatment in uncomplicated mild to moderate hypertension (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 351-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): atenolol ; hypertension ; side-effects ; dose-response relationship ; initial treatments
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary After screening a local population in the northern part of The Netherlands for hypertension, 59 patients with a diastolic pressure (DP) between 95 and 130 mmHg were randomized and treated either with 50 mg atenolol (n=29) or 100 mg atenolol (n=30) for 1 month. There was no significant difference between the two treatments, neither in the fall in systolic and diastolic pressures nor in the number of complaints reported. It is concluded that in the initial treatment of uncomplicated mild to moderate hypertension, 100 mg atenolol has no advantage over a 50 mg dose.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00543336
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Haemodynamic effects of enalapril, a new converting enzyme inhibitor, in hypertensive patients (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 17-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): enalapril ; ACE inhibitor ; hypertension ; haemodynamic effects ; renin-angiotensin system
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The haemodynamic effects of enalapril (EN), a new, long-acting, nonsulphhydryl converting enzyme inhibitor, were evaluated by non-invasive methods in 10 adult patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (EH). Patients were randomly assigned, double blind to 2 treatment groups (EN 20 mg o.d. or 10 mg b.d.) for 4 weeks, and were crossed over to the other dosage regimen after a 2-week washout period. Measurements included mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), limb blood flow (LBF), plasma aldosterone (ALD), plasma renin activity (PRA) and systolic time intervals (STI). Both regimens (b.d. and o.d.) significantly reduced MAP (15.3% and 16.3%, respectively), total peripheral resistance (20.3% and 21.8%, respectively), limb vascular resistance (24.1% and 24.9%) and ALD (33.5% and 36.9%) and increased CO (7.8% and 8.7%), LBF (10.9% and 11.6%) and PRA (10.4% and 9.5%). No significant change was observed in HR or STI. EN 20 mg o.d. or 10 mg b.d. reduced arterial pressure to a similar extent through a fall in total peripheral resistance. An increase in CO was also observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547362
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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