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  • GEOPHYSICS  (245)
  • Animals  (144)
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS  (91)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (64)
  • 1985-1989  (544)
  • 1989  (224)
  • 1985  (320)
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  • 1985-1989  (544)
Year
  • 1
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    HF Doppler observations of acoustic waves excited by the earthquake (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Ionospheric disturbances caused by the earthquake of a relatively small and large epicentral distance have been detected by a network of HF-Doppler sounders in central Japan and Kyoto station, respectively. The HF-Doppler data of a small epicentral distance, together with the seismic data, have been used to formulate a mechanism whereby ionospheric disturbances are produced by the Urakawa-Oki earthquake in Japan. Comparison of the dynamic spectra of these data has revealed experimentally that the atmosphere acts as a low-pass filter for upward-propagating acoustic waves. By surveying the earthquakes for which the magnitude M is larger than 6.0, researchers found the ionospheric effect in 16 cases of 82 seismic events. As almost all these effects have occurred in the daytime, it is considered that it may result from the filtering effect of the upward-propagating acoustic waves.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18; p 310-318
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Oxygen radicals in influenza-induced pathogenesis and treatment with pyran polymer-conjugated SOD (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-05-26
    Description: The pathogenicity of influenza virus infection in the mice involves, at least in part, overreaction of the immune responses of the host rather than a direct effect of virus multiplication. Xanthine oxidase, which is responsible for the generation of oxygen free radicals, was elevated in serum and lung tissue of mice infected with influenza virus. To test the theory that oxygen-free radicals are involved in pathogenesis, free radicals were removed by injecting superoxide dismutase (SOD), a specific superoxide radical scavenger, which was conjugated with a pyran copolymer. The conjugate protected mice against a potentially lethal influenza virus infection if administered 5 to 8 days after infection. These findings indicate that oxygen radicals are important in the pathogenesis of influenza virus infection, and that a polymer-conjugated SOD has therapeutic potential for this virus infection and other diseases associated with free radicals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oda, T -- Akaike, T -- Hamamoto, T -- Suzuki, F -- Hirano, T -- Maeda, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 May 26;244(4907):974-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2543070" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Free Radicals ; Lung/enzymology/pathology ; Mice ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/drug therapy/*metabolism/pathology ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Phagocytes/metabolism/pathology ; *Polymers/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; *Pyran Copolymer/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Superoxide Dismutase/administration & dosage/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use ; Superoxides/metabolism ; Xanthine Oxidase/blood/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Observations of gravity waves in the mesosphere with the MU radar (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Wind motions were observed at 60 to 90 km altitudes with the MU radar during daylight hours (0800 to 1600 LT) from 13 to 31 October 1986. Quasi-monochromatic gravity waves were evident on 16 of the 19 days of observations. They were characterized by typical vertical wavelength of 5 to 15 km and intrinsic periods centered at about 9 hours. The propagation direction of the gravity waves, determined by the gravity wave dispersion relation, was mostly equatorward. The vertical wave number spectra of the horizontal components of the mesoscale wind fluctuations are explained well by saturated gravity wave theory. The frequency spectrum of vertical wind component has a slope of + 1/3, while the oblique spectra have a slope of -5/3 up to 4 x 10(-3) (c/s); these agree fairly well with model gravity wave spectra. Doppler shift effects on the frequency spectra are recognized at higher frequencies. Upward flux was determined of horizontal momentum flux induced by waves with periods from 10 min to 8 hours, and westward and northward body forces of 5.1 and 4.0 m/s/day, were estimated respectively.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions, Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, volume 27; p 469-476
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    The stratospheric aerosol particle measurement by balloon at Syowa Station (69.00 deg S, 39.35 deg E): Outline of special sonde (rubber) campaign JARE 24 (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: During the period of AMA (Antarctic Middle Atmosphere), various style balloons were used to measure atmospheric parameters at Syowa Station (69.00 deg S, 39.35 deg E), Antarctica. The measurements which were made using balloons specially designed to monitor stratospheric aerosol particles are discussed. This type balloon was first used by JARE (Japan Antarctic Research Expedition) 24th Team in 1983. Until that time, the Japan Antarctic Research Expedition Team had been using only a large plastic balloon to monitor various minor constituents in the stratosphere. The plastic balloon was very useful, but it took a long time to arrange a balloon launching. Additionally, launching time strongly depended on weather conditions. A timely launching of the balloon was carried out with this specially designed sonde.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18; 3 p
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Synthesis of functional human hemoglobin in transgenic mice (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-01
    Description: Human alpha- and beta-globin genes were separately fused downstream of two erythroid-specific deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I super-hypersensitive sites that are normally located 50 kilobases upstream of the human beta-globin gene. These two constructs were coinjected into fertilized mouse eggs, and expression was analyzed in transgenic animals that developed. Mice that had intact copies of the transgenes expressed high levels of correctly initiated human alpha- and beta-globin messenger RNA specifically in erythroid tissue. An authentic human hemoglobin was formed in adult erythrocytes that when purified had an oxygen equilibrium curve identical to the curve of native human hemoglobin A (Hb A). Thus, functional human hemoglobin can be synthesized in transgenic mice. This provides a foundation for production of mouse models of human hemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Behringer, R R -- Ryan, T M -- Reilly, M P -- Asakura, T -- Palmiter, R D -- Brinster, R L -- Townes, T M -- HD-09172/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HL-35559/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-38632/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 1;245(4921):971-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2772649" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Deoxyribonuclease I ; Female ; *Genes ; Globins/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Hemoglobins/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Oxyhemoglobins/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Microwave backscatter and emission observed from Shuttle Imaging Radar B and an airborne 1.4 GHz radiometer (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A soil moisture experiment conducted with the Shuttle Imaging Radar B (SIR-B) is reported. SIR-B operated at 1.28 GHz provided the active microwave measurements, while a 4-beam pushbroom 1.4 GHz radiometer gave the complementary passive microwave measurements. The aircraft measurements were made at an altitude of 330 m, resulting in a ground resolution cell of about 100 m diameter. SIR-B ground resolution from 225 km was about 35 m. More than 150 agricultural fields in the San Joaquin Valley of California were examined in the experiment. The effect of surface roughness height on radar backscatter and radiometric measurements was studied.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 7
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    Spectral analysis of temperature and Brunt-Vaisala frequency fluctuations observed by radiosondes (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Recent studies have revealed that vertical wave number spectra of wind velocity and temperture fluctuations in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere are fairly well explained by a saturated gravity wave spectrum. But N(2) (N:Brunt-Vaisala (BV) frequency) spectra seem to be better for testing the scaling of the vertical wave number spectra in layers with different stratifications, beause its energy density is proportional only to the background value of N(2), while that for temperature depends on both the BV frequency and the potential temperature. From temperature profiles observed in June to August 1987 over the MU Observatory, Japan, by using a radiosonde with 30 m height resolution, N(2) spectra are determined in the 2 to 8.5 km (troposphere) and 18.5 to 25 km (lower stratosphere) ranges. Although individual spectra show fairly large day-by-day variability, the slope of the median of 34 spectra agrees reasonably with the theoretical value of -1 in the wave number range of 6 x 10(-4) similar to 3 x 10(-3) (c/m). The ratio of the spectral energy between these two height regions is about equal to the ratio of N(2), consistent with the prediction of saturated gravity wave theory.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions, Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, volume 27; p 461-468
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  • 8
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    MU radar observation of a mesospheric gravity wave breaking caused by convective instability (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: In recent measurements of mesospheric winds with the MU radar at Shigaraki (34.9 N, 136.1 E), Japan, a couple of wind velocity data was obtained showing that a monochromatic inertia-gravity wave was propagating vertically in the mesosphere. The data show that the velocity amplitude of the wave did not increase exponentially above a height and further show that the wave form had broken down at a level. Evaluating the changes of the atmospheric stability in the wave field from the measured wind data and from the estimated wave parameters, the breakdown of the wave was shown to be connected with the occurrence of convective instability in the wave field.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions, Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, volume 27; p 447-448
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  • 9
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    VHF radar observation of the middle atmosphere at Syowa Station, Antarctica (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The newly developed pulsed Doppler radars with 50 and 112 MHz were installed at Syowa Station (69 deg 00'S, 39 deg 35'E geographic; 70.0 deg S, 80.2 deg E geomagnetic) in 1982 and 1983, respectively. They have the nominal peak power of 15 kW; the narrow antenna beams (4 deg in the horizontal plane) in two different directions (approximately geomagnetic south and geographic south with a crossing angle of about 33 deg), the three operation modes (spectrum, double-pulse and meteor mode). The radars were designed to measure the intensity and Doppler velocity of auroral radar echoes due to the 3- and 1.34-m irregularities appearing often in the disturbed E region and also to detect the meteor echoes in the 80 to 100 km altitudes, thereby to clarify how the middle atmosphere in the polar region behaves in response to the energy input from the magnetosphere, especially during a substorm. Some initial results obtained through the radar operation during 1982 to 1983 are presented to show that this system is useful for continuous monitoring of the lower auroral ionosphere.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18; 6 p
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  • 10
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    Ectopic expression of the serotonin 1c receptor and the triggering of malignant transformation (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-02
    Description: Neurotransmitter receptors are usually restricted to neuronal cells, but the signaling pathways activated by these receptors are widely distributed in both neural and non-neural cells. The functional consequences of activating a brain-specific neurotransmitter receptor, the serotonin 5HT1c receptor, in the unnatural environment of a fibroblast were examined. Introduction of functional 5HT1c receptors into NIH 3T3 cells results, at high frequency, in the generation of transformed foci. Moreover, the generation and maintenance of transformed foci requires continued activation of the serotonin receptor. In addition, the injection of cells derived from transformed foci into nude mice results in the generation of tumors. The serotonin 5HT1c receptor therefore functions as a protooncogene when expressed in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Julius, D -- Livelli, T J -- Jessell, T M -- Axel, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 2;244(4908):1057-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2727693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cloning, Molecular ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Receptors, Serotonin/*genetics/physiology ; Second Messenger Systems ; Serotonin/pharmacology/physiology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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