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  • Animals  (107)
  • SOLAR PHYSICS  (83)
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (63)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (59)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (312)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1984  (312)
Collection
Keywords
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Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (312)
  • 1940-1944
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and ultrastructural characterization of mammalian spermatozoa processed for flow cytometric DNA analyses (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 10 (1984), S. 339-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: spermatozoa ; flow cytometry ; DNA staining ; nuclear morphology ; ultrastructure ; mammals ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The morphological and ultrastructural changes that occur during preparation of porcine, bovine, and murine spermatozoa for flow cytometric quantification of the relative DNA content of the X- and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm populations were examined. Ejaculated spermatozoa from the boar and bull were washed using a series of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions prior to fixation, whereas the epididymal mouse spermatozoa were washed only in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Spermatozoa from all three species were then fixed in ethanol and processed for fluorochrome staining by a treatment regimen consisting of sulfhydryl reduction and proteolysis. The processed sperm nuclei were stained for DNA with the fluorochrome, 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) before quantification by flow cytometry. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs of sperm heads taken at various steps of the preparation and staining procedures show 1) that the rigorous washing procedure disrupted the plasma and outer acrosomal membranes, 2) that ethanol fixation resulted in removal of the outer membranes and disintegration of the nuclear envelope, and 3) that thiol and proteolysis treatment removed the remaining cellular organelles including the tail and rapidly induced partial decondensation of the tightly packed chromatin. Sequential micrographs showed that the nuclear matrix of all three species increased in thickness about twofold during the preparation and staining. Consequently, the harsh procedures currently used for quantitative staining of DNA for high-resolution flow cytometric analyses destroy most cellular organelles and thereby prevent simultaneous characterization of DNA content and other sperm cell constituents.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120100402
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  • 2
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    Giant panda paternity (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Brien, S J -- Goldman, D -- Knight, J -- Moore, H D -- Wildt, D E -- Bush, M -- Montali, R J -- Kleiman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 16;223(4641):1127-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6701515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carnivora ; Male ; *Paternity ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Proteins/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Autoimmunity and increased c-myb transcription (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-30
    Description: A single recessive gene, lpr, induces an autoimmune-lymphoproliferative syndrome in several strains of mice. The lymphoid organs of lpr/lpr mice contained cells with increased amounts of myb RNA, which codes for a protein found in the nucleus. A similar human lymphoproliferative disorder also had an increase in c-myb expression. Mouse T cells induced by mitogens to proliferate did not express large amounts of myb RNA, indicating that marked myb expression is not a general feature of lymphocyte activation and proliferation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mountz, J D -- Steinberg, A D -- Klinman, D M -- Smith, H R -- Mushinski, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 30;226(4678):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoantibodies/*genetics ; Autoimmune Diseases/*genetics ; Female ; *Genes, Recessive ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Species Specificity ; Spleen/immunology ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Epidermal growth factor immunoreactive material in the central nervous system: location and development (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-08
    Description: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a potent mitogen with hormonal activity in the gastrointestinal tract. Material cross-reacting with EGF was detected in the central nervous system of the developing and adult albino rat by the indirect immunofluorescence technique. High concentrations of EGF-cross-reacting material were identified in forebrain and midbrain structures of pallidal areas of the brain. These include the globus pallidus, ventral pallidum, entopeduncular nucleus, substantia nigra pars reticulata, and the islands of Calleja . Thus, EGF may represent another gut-brain peptide with potential neurotransmitter-neuromodulator functions in pallidal structures of the extrapyramidal motor systems of the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fallon, J H -- Seroogy, K B -- Loughlin, S E -- Morrison, R S -- Bradshaw, R A -- Knaver, D J -- Cunningham, D D -- GM31609/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS16017/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS19964/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1107-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6144184" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/growth & development/*physiology ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*physiology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Globus Pallidus/physiology ; Mitogens/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Hypoxic coordinate regulation of mitochondrial enzymes in mammalian cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-17
    Description: The effect of hypoxic exposure on various mitochondrial enzymes and on cell mitochondrial genomic content was studied in two types of mammalian cells. Hypoxia depressed the activity of six enzymes to the same degree. The kinetics of depression and of recovery during reexposure to normoxia were statistically similar for three marker enzymes. Despite the global and symmetrical decrease in enzyme activities, mitochondrial DNA remained constant. This suggests either symmetrical loss of mitochondrial enzymes from all mitochondria or complete loss of enzymes from a subpopulation of mitochondria with retention of an intact mitochondrial genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, B J -- Robin, E D -- Tapper, D P -- Wong, R J -- Clayton, D A -- 5 R01 HL23701-14/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 17;223(4637):707-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320368" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aerobiosis ; Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; Anoxia/physiopathology ; Citrate (si)-Synthase/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics/*metabolism ; Macrophages/*enzymology ; Mice ; Mitochondria/*enzymology ; Mitochondria, Muscle/*enzymology ; Oxidoreductases/genetics/*metabolism ; Oxo-Acid-Lyases/*metabolism ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intercellular bridges in ovaries of the newborn gerbil (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 180 (1984), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This study describes intercellular bridges in the ovaries of neonatal gerbils. Electron microscopy has revealed the presence of true intercellular bridges, connecting oogonia or oocytes, in ovaries of newborn gerbils. The cytoplasm of the intercellular channels is similar to that of the connected cells, with mitochondria, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and free ribosomes present. Lysosomes are also occasionally present in the intercellular bridges and they may be involved in early waves of oocyte atresia. An electrondense substance, 350-500 Å thick, is located immediately beneath the unit membrane of the intercellular bridges. Accumulation of electron-dense material increases the thickness of the walls of the intercellular bridges, supporting and maintaining the patency of the channels. It is suggested that the intercellular channels probably allow the interchange of nutrients, organelles, and possibly regulatory materials as well.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051800105
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of spindle concentrations in large and small muscles acting in parallel combinations (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 180 (1984), S. 243-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A small short muscle frequently acts across a joint in parallel with a vastly larger and longer muscle; therefore it should play a minimal role in the mechanical control of that joint. This study provides evidence suggesting that the small member of such a “parallel muscle combination” (PMC) may serve an important sensory feedback role. The spindle densities of large and small members of PMCs in man and the dog were determined and compared. Epaxial PMCs controlling canine intervertebral joints were dissected and tissue samples were embedded in paraffin, sectioned transversely to the muscles' long axis and, stained with hematoxylin-periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Representative tissue sections were projected on to stereological grids and the percentage volume of spindles was determined. Data existing in the literature were used to ascertain spindle densities in human PMCs controlling joints in the cervico-occipital region and the extremities. The spindle density for each muscle in a group of PMCs controlling a particular motion was listed, and the mean spindle densities were determined for both the large and the small members of the group. Student's unpaired t test was used to determine the significance of the differences between mean spindle densities. Linear regression was calculated and the data were plotted graphically.In all PMCs examined, the spindle density of the small muscles was significantly higher than that of their large counterparts. It is therefore proposed that the small muscles of PMCs may function as “kinesiological monitors” generating important proprioceptive feedback to the central nervous system.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051800307
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on prenatal and postnatal development in rats exposed to 60-Hz electric fields (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 5 (1984), S. 101-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: 60-Hz electric fields ; rats ; behavior ; teratology ; growth ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: A series of three experiments was performed to determine the effects of 30-day exposures to uniform 60-Hz electric fields (100 kV/m) on reproduction and on growth and development in the fetuses and offspring of rats. In the first experiment, exposure of females for 6 days prior to and during the mating period did not affect their reproductive performance, and continued exposure through 20 days of gestation (dg) did not affect the viability, size, or morphology of their fetuses. In the second experiment, exposure of the pregnant rat was begun on 0 dg and continued until the resulting offspring reached 8 days of age. In the third experiment, exposure began at 17 dg and continued through 25 days of postnatal life. In the second and third experiments, no statistically significant differences suggesting impairment of the growth or survival of exposed offspring were detected. In the second experiment, a significantly greater percentage of the exposed offspring showed movement, standing, and grooming at 14 days of age than among-sham-exposed offspring. There was a significant decrease at 14 days in the percentage of exposed offspring displaying the righting reflex in the second experiment and negative geotropism in the third experiment. These differences were all transient and were not found when the animals were tested again at 21 days of age. Evaluation of the reproductive integrity of the offspring of the second experiment did not disclose any deficits.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250050111
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of biological tissue sections for correlative ion, electron, and light microscopy (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 1 (1984), S. 299-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Ion microscopy ; Correlative microscopy ; Electron probe microanalysis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: In order to correctly interpret the chemical images obtained using ion microscopy (IM), it is useful to correlate them with the information provided by conventional light microscopy (LM), secondary electron imaging (SEI), backscattered electron imaging (BEI), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Accordingly, we have devised a technique of specimen preparation which allows for the application of several different microanalytical techniques to a single histologic section mounted on the same substrate. Sections are cut onto polyester plastic coverslips (devoid of peaks for any element with atomic number 〉 9 using EPMA) and studied by LM. After a light rotary coating with carbon (to prevent charging), the section can then be examined by SEI, BEI, and EPMA. Specific areas can be marked for IM study either with an objective-mounted pin tissue microlocater, or by placing small pieces of metal foil, cut in specific geometric shapes, over features of interest. After sputter-coating the sample with platinum, metal-free shadows are visible using a low-power reflected light microscope available on a typical IM sample chamber as a guide for ion beam placement. The conductive coatings also minimize specimen charging during IM. Post-IM light microscopy, SEI, and BEI are used to confirm the location of specific areas probed in the IM experiments and to provide information on differential ion-sputtering artifacts and tissue contaminants. This new correlative technique should permit better understanding of the images obtained with these diverse instruments.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060010309
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  • 10
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    Rapid expulsion of Trichinella spiralis in suckling rats (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-05
    Description: Orally administered Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae were rapidly expelled by rat pups suckling an immune dam. The immunity was delivered in the milk; substantial resistance was conferred on normal rat pups suckled for only 24 hours by a Trichinella-immune foster mother. The pups were protected by oral or systemic administration of specific serum antibodies. When infused into a normal lactating dam, these antibodies accumulated in the serum of her suckling pups.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Appleton, J A -- McGregor, D D -- AI 14490/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 5;226(4670):70-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474191" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Suckling ; Antibodies/immunology ; Colostrum/immunology ; Female ; *Immunity, Maternally-Acquired ; Immunization, Passive ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/*immunology/parasitology ; Intestinal Mucosa/parasitology ; Milk/*immunology ; Rats ; Trichinella/*immunology/physiology ; Trichinellosis/*immunology/parasitology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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