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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (14)
  • 1985-1989  (9)
  • 1980-1984  (5)
  • 1987  (9)
  • 1984  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 152 (1987), S. 79-91 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Diese Untersuchung befaßt sich mit einigen kinetischen Merkmalen der Reaktion von n-Butylisocyanat mit Polyvinylalkohol ohne jeden Katalysator und unter Verwendung von Triethylendiamin als Katalysator. Die Struktur der resultierenden Polymeren wurde mit Hilfe der IR-, 1H-, und 13C-NMR-Spektroskopie und chemischer Analyse ermittelt. Es wurden Vinylalkohol-Vinylbutylurethancopolymere (VAL-VBU) erhalten. Es ergab sich eine lineare Abhängigkeit der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit von Polymer-, n-Butylisocyanat- und Triethylendiaminkonzentration. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeitskonstante nimmt mit zunehmender Reaktionszeit ab. Das kann mit der sterischen Hinderung durch die Urethangruppen, die entlang der Polymerkette eingebaut sind, erklärt werden. Die Aktivierungsenergie ergab sich zu 49,9 kJ/mol. Eine kinetische Untersuchung der homogenen Hydrolyse von VAL-VBU-Copolymeren wurde durchgefilhrt als Funktion der Basenkonzentration, der Temperatur und des VBU Gehalts. Es zeigte sich, daß die homogene Hydrolyse als Reaktion 1 . Ordnung verliluft, sowohl im Hinblick auf die Hydroxylionen als auch auf den VBU-Gehalt. Die Aktivierungsenergie filr die basenkatalysierte Hydrolyse betragt 79,3 kJ/mol. Die heterogene Hydrolyse von VAL-VBU-Copolymeren im basischen Medium zeigte, daß keine Hydrolyse unter diesen Bedingungen stattfand.
    Notes: This study is concerned with some kinetic features of the reaction of n-butyl isocyanate with poly(vinyl alcohol) without any catalyst and using triethylene diamine as catalyst. The structure of the resulting polymers was determined by means of IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy as well as by chemical analysis. Vinyl alcohol-vinyl butyl urethane (VAL-VBU) copolymers were obtained. It has been found a linear dependence of reaction rate on polymer, n-butyl isocyanate, and triethylene diamine concentrations. Reaction rate constant decreases as reaction time increases. It can be explained by steric hindrance phenomena due to urethane groups incorporated along the polymeric chain. The activation energy was found to be 49.9 kJ/mol. A kinetic study of the homogeneous hydrolysis of VAL-VBU copolymers has been made as a function of the base concentration, the temperature, and the VBU content. The homogeneous hydrolysis was found to be first order with respect to both hydroxyl ion and VBU contents. The activation energy for the base catalyzed homogeneous hydrolysis was found to be 79.3 kJ/mol. The heterogeneous hydrolysis of VAL-VBU copolymers in basic medium showed that no hydrolysis takes place under the conditions employed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 31 (1987), S. 903-925 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Even when each atom of a 2n-center cluster or molecule only brings one active electron in one atomic orbital, the size of the Heisenberg Hamiltonian matrix increases as C2nn. Simple truncations of this matrix would result in size consistence defects, as evident from the isomorphism between Heisenberg and configuration interaction (CI) matrices. Geometry-dependent Heisenberg Hamiltonians derived from accurate ab initio calculations on the two-center systems have proved to be very efficient for conjugated hydrocarbons and for alkali metals; in order to apply this approach to intermediate size systems (10-20 centers), a rational procedure is proposed consisting of the selection of a truncated set of determinants (of low energy) and a dressing of the truncated Hamiltonian matrix under the perturbation of the other determinants. The second order dressing is analogous to a so-called “shift Bk procedure” or Generalized Degenerate Perturbation theory and is weakly dependent on an E0 parameter. Tests performed on various 8- and 10-atom systems show the accuracy of the procedure. An iterative selection of the truncated basis set and proper choices of the E0 values allow one to obtain the whole lower part of the spectrum. The calculated geometries are satisfactory. Some preliminary applications are reported concerning the C12H14 dodecahexene linear chain, perfectly fitting with previous extrapolations.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 2831-2838 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The modification reaction of dextran with butyl isocyanate using 1,4-diaza[2.2.2]bicyclooctane as catalyst was studied. The structure of the resulting polymers was determined by means of IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as by chemical analysis. A linear dependence of the reaction rate on the concentrations of polymer, butyl isocyanate and catalyst was found. The activation energy was found to be 38,5 kJ/mol (9,2 kcal/mol). The homogeneous hydrolysis in alkaline medium was found to be first order with respect to both the base and the butyl urethane concentrations. The activation energy, obtained for the base catalyzed homogeneous hydrolysis, was 83,7 kJ/mol (20,0 kcal/mol). The heterogeneous hydrolysis of a water insoluble modified dextran (degree of substitution = 0,72) showed that no hydrolysis takes place under the applied conditions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 185 (1984), S. 2153-2159 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: 13C NMR spectroscopy was used for the determination of the sequence distribution in vinyl alcohol-ethyl vinyl carbonate copolymers prepared by reaction of poly(vinyl alcohol) with ethyl chloroformate. The 13C NMR spectra of the methylene carbons in the main chain show three split peaks whose intensities change with copolymer composition. These peaks can be assigned to the three dyad sequences. The obtained results show that ethyl vinyl carbonate units have an alternating tendency in the copolymer chain. The Tg values of the vinyl alcohol-ethyl vinyl carbonate and vinyl alcohol-butyl vinyl carbonate copolymers are influenced by both the overall copolymer composition and the monomer sequence distribution.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 1205-1215 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(hexamethylene sulfide) fractions, ranging in molecular weight from 4600 to 20000, were isothermally crystallized from the melt state in the temperature range 50-70°C. The dependence of the melting temperature on the crystallization temperature was analyzed in experiments involving low and high levels of crystallinity. The equilibrium melting temperature corresponds to 366 K and the enthalpy of fusion was found to be 40,5 cal/g (= 170 J/g). The isothermal overall crystallization rates were analyzed using dilatometric and calorimetric techniques. The Avrami exponent is an integral value, n = 3, and the crystallinity varies with increasing molecular weight from 65% to 55%. The morphology is spherulitic and it was found that the growth rate is linear in the whole range of crystallization temperatures. The temperature coefficient of the crystallization was analyzed using nucleation theory, and comparison between dilatometric and growth data revealed that the overall rate and growth rate-temperature coefficients are approximately equal.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 149 (1987), S. 197-200 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The advantageous use of a polymer protected reagent -AlPO4 as a mild catalyst for esterification was studied.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 24 (1984), S. 79-86 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An abbreviated review of the current state of knowledge of polymer interfacial phenomena is given. Classical thermodynamics treats the interfacial zone (the interphase) as a “black box” and yields rigorous relationships among interfacial quantities. A recent reformulation of interphase thermodynamics, which eliminates the use of a Gibbs dividing surface, is shown to be an invaluable tool for investigating interfacial properties. Microscopic theories, such as the gradient theory, yield more details about what is in the black box, but the information is only approximate. The gradient theory has been used to: (1) relate the surface tension of a polymer liquid to its isothermal compressibility, (2) develop a quantitative theory of polymer liquid surface tension, and (3) determine the interfacial tension between two immiscible polymer liquids. The gradient theory will be shown to be in harmony with the microscopic theory of Helfand and co-workers although the latter treats polymer interfaces from a completely different point of view.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 24 (1984), S. 598-600 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This paper presents an overview of the subject of phase separation in polymer blends with an emphasis on the thermodynamic stability criteria for phase stability and the classical thermodynamic and microscopic description of polymer interfaces.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 2405-2412 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This work describes a panel made from waste polyethylene, henequen fibers, and mineral fillers. The physical and mechanical properties of the product were determined and compared with the properties of commercial panels. The new material has good mechanical properties and high environmental resistance. Its thermal insulating capacity is about 10 times better than that of asbestos-cement panels. The adhesion grade between fibers and polymer was investigated.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 59 (1987), S. 647-650 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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