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  • Golgi apparatus
  • Springer  (51)
  • American Geophysical Union
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transitional endoplasmic reticulum membranes and vesicles isolated from animals and plants (1989)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 153 (1989), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Transition vesicles ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Cell-free transfer ; Golgi apparatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The process of formation from endoplasmic reticulum and transfer to Golgi apparatus of small 50–70 nm transition vesicles has been reconstituted in a cell-free system. Fractions enriched in transition elements derived from part-rough, part-smooth transitional regions of the endoplasmic reticulum were prepared from elongation zones of hypocotyls of etiolated seedlings of soybean and coleoptiles of maize and were compared with those from rat liver. When activated with nucleoside triphosphate, cytosol and an ATP regenerating system, time- and temperature-dependent transfer of membranes to Golgi apparatus acceptor was demonstrated. The fractions enriched in transition elements were radioiodinated with125I by the Bolton-Hunter procedure. Acceptor Golgi apparatus stacks were immobilized to nitrocellulose strips to facilitate analysis. In heterologous transfer experiments, the plant and animal acceptors and donors could be interchanged. The transfer was limited primarily by the donor (rat liver 〉 soybean hypocotyl 〉 maize coleoptiles) and determined secondarily by the source of the acceptor. The acceptor fractions were most efficacious when prepared from the same source as the donor. Thus, 50–70 nm vesicles bud from transitional endoplasmic reticulum elements of plants function in a manner similar to those of animal cells to transfer membrane materials to the Golgi apparatus. The recognition signals that determine vesicle fusion appear to be conserved both among species and between the plant and animal kingdoms to the extent that donor and acceptor sources may be interchanged with only small reductions in overall efficiency of transfer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01322459
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transition vesicle formationin vitro (1986)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 132 (1986), S. 110-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Transition vesicles ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Golgi apparatus ; Liver (Rat)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Isolated fractions enriched in transition elements derived from part rough—part smooth regions of endoplasmic reticulum of rat liver respondin vitro to ATP plus a concentrated fraction of cytoplasmic proteins by formation of ca. 60 nm vesicles with nap-like coats resembling those of transition vesicles of the intact cell. Similar vesicles are normally considered to function in the transfer of materials from endoplasmic reticulum to cis elements of the Golgi apparatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275798
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ATP-dependent cell-free transfer of membrane lipids from nuclei to Golgi apparatus of germinating axes of garden pea (1992)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 170 (1992), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell-free transfer ; Lipids ; Nuclei ; Golgi apparatus ; Pea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary ATP-dependent cell-free transfer of membrane constituents radiolabeled with [14C]acetate, primarily lipids, was demonstrated between isolated nuclei in suspension and purified Golgi apparatus immobilized on nitrocellulose strips prepared from garden pea (Pisum sativum) in the presence of pea cytosol. The ATP-dependent transfer correlated with the ability of the nuclear envelope to form 50–70 nm vesicles and blebs in an ATP-dependent manner. Specific transfer, transfer at 23°C minus transfer at 4°C, was approximately doubled by addition of ATP and was greater for peas germinated for 2 days than for peas germinated for 3 days. ATP plus cytosol-dependent transfer could not be demonstrated using radiolabeled pea nuclei as donor with purified endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, nuclei, mitochondria or amyloplasts as acceptors. The results provide a second example, in addition to transfer between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, where ATP-and temperature-dependent transfer via 50–70 nm transition vesicles can be demonstrated in a cell-free system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01384452
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Golgi apparatus respond to the antitumor sulfonylurea N-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl)-N′-(4-chlorophenyl)urea (LY 181984) in sulfonylurea-susceptible but not in resistant cell lines (1994)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 182 (1994), S. 81-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Antitumor sulfonylurea ; Golgi apparatus ; Monensin ; Sulfonylurea ; Cultured cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cell lines susceptible or resistant to the active antitumor sulfonylurea [N-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl)-N′-(4-chlorophenyl)-urea] (LY 181984) were treated with 100 μM sulfonylurea for 1 or 3 h followed by monensin for 1 h. With cell lines where growth was inhibited by the active sulfonylurea, swollen Golgi apparatus cisternae following treatment were fewer and smaller than in untreated cells. Overall the volume of monensin-responsive trans cisternae was reduced by about 50% to 75% in cells lines where the antitumor sulfonylurea was growth inhibitory. The swelling response was unaffected by sulfonylurea in sulfonylurea-unresponsive cells. The antitumor-inactive sulfonylurea [N-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl)-N′-(phenyl)urea] (LY 181985) was without effect on cisternal swelling with both susceptible and resistant cell lines. The results suggest a response of the trans Golgi apparatus to the active antitumor sulfonylurea that resulted in reduced acidification of the trans Golgi apparatus cisternae. This response appears to be restricted to susceptible cell lines where growth was inhibited by the active antitumor sulfonylurea but not in resistant cell lines where growth was unaffected by the active antitumor sulfonylurea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403470
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of NADH oxidation and growth in K-562 cells to the antitumor sulfonylurea, N-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl)-N′-(4-chlorophenyl)urea (LY181984) (1995)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 188 (1995), S. 151-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Antitumor sulfonylurea ; NADH oxidase ; Plasma membranes ; Growth ; Golgi apparatus ; Mitochondria ; HeLa cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Growth of K-562 cells in culture is inhibited by the antitumor sulfonylureaLY181984 (N-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl)-N′-(4-chlorophenyl)urea) with an ED50 of about 30 μM. LY181984 was shown previously to inhibit NADH oxidation by plasma membranes from HeLa cells and other sources and to influence mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. With K-562 cells, NADH oxidation by plasma membranes was transiently stimulated and then inhibited by LY181984. NADH oxidation by whole cells was transiently stimulated and then inhibited by 0.1 to 100 μM LY181984 as well. Both the stimulations and inhibitions of activity were time-dependent. NADH oxidation by lower phase membranes depleted of plasma membranes by aqueous two-phase partition also was inhibited by micromolar and submicromolar concentrations of LY181984. Inhibition did not correlate with mitochondrial presence but rather with membranes that appeared to be fragments of the Golgi apparatus. The oxidation of NADH by whole cells and of plasma membranes that was inhibited by LY181984 was distinguished from mitochondrial NADH oxidation by resistance to inhibition by cyanide and by proceeding under oxygen-depleted conditions or an argon atmosphere. In contrast to the active antitumor agent LY181984, the inactive but chemically-related analog, LY181985 (N-(4-methylphenyl-sulfonyl)-N′-(4-phenylurea), inhibited neither growth nor NADH oxidation with K-562 cells or cell fractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01280366
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of secretory vesicles in homogenates of pea stem segments (1983)
    Springer
    Planta 158 (1983), S. 534-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Glucan synthase ; Golgi apparatus ; Inosine diphosphatase ; Pisum, secretory vesicles ; Renografin gradient ; Secretory vesicle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In homogenates of stem sections from etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings, secretory vesicles can be separated from Golgi-apparatus cisternae by rate-zonal centrifugation in renografin gradients. Optically, two bands of turbidity are observed, the uppermost containing the secretory vesicles and the lower one the Golgi-apparatus cisternae. The absence of glutaraldehyde in the homogenizing medium has allowed the effective characterization of marker-enzyme activities. Golgi-apparatus cisternae have been recognized by the presence of inosine-diphosphatase and glucan-synthase I activities as well as by electron microscopy. In contrast, although secretory vesicles also bear inosine diphosphatase they do not appear to possess glucan-synthase activity. Three plasma-membrane markers, NPA-binding, glucan synthase II, and KCl,Mg2+-adenosine triphosphatase (pH 6.5), were not detected in secretory vesicles. Pulse-chase experiments with [3H]glucose support our designation of secretory vesicles and Golgi-cisternal fractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397244
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inter- and intracisternal elements of the Golgi apparatus (1972)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 132 (1972), S. 365-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Golgi apparatus ; Membranes ; Cross-bridges ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron opaque cross-bridge structures span the inter- and intracisternal spaces and provide membrane-to-membrane connections between adjacent cisternae of dictyosomes of pollen tubes ofClivia andLilium. Additionally, the classic intercisternal rods, characteristic of intercisternal regions near the maturing face of dictyosomes, are connected with the adjacent membranes through similar cross-bridge elements. We suggest that these structural links are responsible for maintaining the flattened appearance of the central parts of Golgi apparatus cisternac as well as for the coherence of cisternae within the stack. Observations on other plant (e.g. microsporocytes ofCanna) and animal cells (e.g. rodent liver and hepatoma cells, newt spermatocytes) show that such an array of membrane cross-links is a universal feature of Golgi apparatus architecture. The cross-bridges appear as part of the complex “zone of exclusion” which surrounds dictyosomes, entire Golgi apparatus and Golgi apparatus equivalents in a variety of cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02450714
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the origins of plasma membrane in rat deciduoma (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 35-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Plasma membrane ; Endometrium ; Golgi apparatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An NADH-ferricyanide reductase activity resistant to inactivation by cytochemical procedures was examined during decidualization of rat endometrium. Resistant activity was restricted to plasma membranes, distal elements of the Golgi apparatus, and discoid cisternae and cytoplasmic vesicles of decidual cells of endometrium of the pseudopregnant rat on days 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9, after mating. The procedure reduced or eliminated any evidence of NADH-ferricyanide reductase activity from other cellular components such as endoplasmic reticulum, nuclei, and mitochondria. The observations of the glutaraldehyde-resistant reductase in both plasma membranes and discoid cisternae may indicate a role for the latter in the biosynthesis of plasma membranes during decidualization when massive cell proliferation and membrane biosynthesis occur. The origin of the discoid cisternae is tentatively ascribed to the mature faces of the Golgi apparatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236885
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between synaptic vesicles, Golgi apparatus, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum: a developmental study using the zinc iodide-osmium technique (1971)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 120 (1971), S. 332-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Synaptic vesicles ; Development ; Golgi apparatus ; Smooth endoplasmic reticulum ; Zinc iodide-osmium technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Routine electron microscopy and a zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide technique (ZIO), recently found to be specific for synaptic vesicles, were used to study the origin of synaptic vesicles during postnatal development in the lumbosacral enlargement of the albino rat. In immature nervous tissue, a large number of vesicles, indistinguishable from synaptic vesicles (S vesicles), were found in the Golgi apparatus and in different portions of the axon where they were often intermingled with elements of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). Ten to twenty percent of these S vesicles within the Golgi apparatus as well as the majority of these vesicles in all parts of the axon were positive to ZIO. Much of the SER in axons was also positive. The number of vesicles and elements of the SER showed some decrease in the non-terminal portion of axons on day 21 and even more of a decrease in adult neurons. These data suggest that synaptic vesicles are produced in the Golgi apparatus and SER in immature neurons. The decrease in S vesicles and SER in adult neurons suggests a drop in synaptic vesicle production after synaptogenesis has ended. In addition, the material that has been studied shows that ZIO staining is not limited to synaptic vesicles during development since oligodendroglia and endothelial cells are also stained during this period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324896
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subcellular localization of calcium in the mouse hypophysis (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 157 (1975), S. 307-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypophysis (mouse) ; Ca-pyroantimonate ; Axoplasmic reticulum ; Synaptic vesicles ; Golgi apparatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Application of the K-pyroantimonate technique combined with glutaraldehydeosmium fixation results in a reproducible intracellular distribution of mineral precipitates in the mouse hypophysis. Control experiments—with chelators and electron probe microanalysis— reveal that these precipitates consist mainly of calcium. Regularly present in the mitochondria, Ca also seems to be stored in the Golgi apparatus of the glandular cells and in the axoplasmic reticulum and the “synaptic” vesicles of the neurosecretory fibres. These structures thus appear able to control intracytoplasmic calcium movements. These observations agree with physiological data showing the existence of an intracellular Ca pool that can be mobilized by specific stimulation. The presence of diffuse precipitates in the pituicytes, together with the existence of gap junctions between them, suggest that these cells regulate the ionic environment of the neurosecretory nerve fibres; in this way, they too might participate in neurohypophysial hormonal release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225522
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