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  • Springer  (141)
  • American Physical Society  (39)
  • American Geophysical Union  (3)
  • 1995-1999  (140)
  • 1980-1984  (43)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1920-1924
  • 1996  (72)
  • 1995  (68)
  • 1981  (43)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of polymers bearing azo-dye chromophore with photocrosslinkable moiety for nonlinear optics (1996)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 36 (1996), S. 407-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Novel photocrosslinkable second-order nonlinear optical(NLO) polymers were synthesized from radical homopolymerization of 4-[N-ethyl-N-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)]amino-4′-(2-cinnamoyloxyethyloxycarbonyl)-2′-nitroazobenzene(MACN) or copolymerization of MACN with 2-(cinnamoxyloxy)ethyl methacrylate(CM), and from polycondensation of 4-[N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)]amino-4′-(2-cinnamoyloxyethyloxycarbonyl)-2′-nitroazobenzene(HACN) with p-phenylenediacyloyl chloride(PD). For the purpose of obtaining an optimized condition of UV irradiation for poling treatment involving photocrosslinking, photoreactivity of these NLO polymer films was investigated. There was observed considerably different photoreaction behavior, especially in photofading of the NLO chromophore, between MACN polymer and HACNPD polycondensate; the latter faded more rapidly than the former. A reason for this phenomenon was considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315056
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High output power operation of 1.3-μm strained MQW lasers with low threshold currents at high temperature (1996)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 28 (1996), S. 503-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated the temperature dependencies of the slope efficiency and the threshold current for strained multiquantum well (MQW) lasers as a parameter of the well number. Smaller well numbers mean larger temperature dependencies of the slope efficiency and the threshold current, while larger well numbers mean larger internal loss and broadening of the photoluminescence linewidth of the MQW structure. Furthermore, the change in the slope efficiency with temperature change is related to the change in internal loss. In this work, the 1.3-μm strained MQW laser with a compressive strain of 1.0% and 7 wells shows the highest output power of 6.8 mW for an injection current of 50 mA and the lowest threshold current of 5.5 mA at 85°C, and the lowest variation in output power of 2.0 dB from 25–85°C at injection current of 50 mA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00943618
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cu/Ni colloidal dispersions stabilised by calcium and barium stearates for the amination of oxo-alcohols (1996)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 40 (1996), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: Cu/Ni colloidal dispersion ; barium stearate ; calcium stearate ; protective colloid ; amination of oxo-alcohols ; tertiary amine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Bimetallic Cu/Ni colloidal dispersions (the core catalyst) stabilised by a combination of calcium and barium stearates as protective colloids (catalyst C) showed a remarkable catalytic activity-several times higher than that of the core catalyst stabilised by barium stearate only (catalyst A) for the amination reaction of low reactive oxo-alcohols, having steric hindrance by branched alkyls, with dimethylamine to prepare N,N-dimethyl tertiary amines. Application of the catalyst C for the same amination reaction of dodecyl alcohol could be performed at a lower catalyst concentration of even 100 ppm based on copper at 220° C with a tertiary amine yield of 92% in a three hours' reaction. The reaction mixture containing catalyst C formed a gel at room temperature and formed a stable homogeneous solution with acetone as a polar solvent. It is postulated that water-repellency of calcium stearate and further incorporation of barium stearate as a second promoter yields a doubly stabilised structure for the core catalyst resulting in a remarkable increase in catalytic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807469
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lattice path counting andM/M/c queueing systems (1995)
    Springer
    Queueing systems 19 (1995), S. 193-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9443
    Keywords: M/M/c queue ; transient solution ; lattice path counting ; depth of path
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract We apply the lattice path counting method to the analysis of the transientM/M/c queueing system. A closed-form solution is obtained for the probability of exactlyi arrivals andj departures within a time interval of lengtht in anM/M/c queueing system that is empty at the initial time. The derivation of the probability is based on the counting of paths from the origin to(i,j) on thexy-plane, that have exactly rd x-steps whose depth from the liney=x isd (d=0,1,...,c−1). The closed-form solution has an expression useful for numerical calculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01148946
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AnM/M/s-consistent diffusion model for theGI/G/s queue (1995)
    Springer
    Queueing systems 19 (1995), S. 377-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9443
    Keywords: GI/G/s queues ; diffusion model ; conditional departure process ; renewal-process approximations ; consistent discretization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper develops a diffusion-approximation model for a stableGI/G/s queue: The queue-length process in theGI/G/s queue is approximated by a diffusion process on the nonnegative real line. Some heuristics on the state space and the infinitesimal parameters of the approximating diffusion process are introduced to obtain an approximation formula for the steady-state queue-length distribution. It is shown that the formula is consistent with the exact results for theM/M/s andM/G/∞ queues. The accuracy of the approximations for principal congestion measures are numerically examined for some particular cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01151930
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new, rapid and precise method for measuring the intra-cellular water content by gas chromatography and3H-sucrose (1981)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 37 (1981), S. 748-750 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new rapid method for measuring intra-cellular water content by gas chromatography and an isotopic (3H-sucrose) technique is described. Water content of circulating red cells was revealed to be 71.26±0.31%. Intra-cellular water content increased to 102.9% of its original value following addition of 3 volumes of acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) to 20 volumes of blood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01967959
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asymptotic estimation for the condition numbers in BEM (1996)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 73 (1996), S. 209-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: Mathematics Subject Classification (1991): 65R20, 65N38, 65N35, 65R30, 65N12
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary. We apply the boundary element methods (BEM) to the interior Dirichlet problem of the two dimensional Laplace equation, and its discretization is carried out with the collocation method using piecewise linear elements. In this paper, some precise asymptotic estimations for the discretization matrix $L_n$ (where $n$ denotes the division number) are investigated. We show that the maximum norm of $L^{-1}_n$ and the condition number of $L_n$ have the forms: $C_0 n + O (1)$ and $C_1 n +o (n)$ , respectively, as $n \to \infty$ , where the constants $C_0$ and $C_1$ are explicitly given in the proof. Although these estimates indicate illconditionedness of this numerical computation, the $O(n^{-2})$ -convergence of this scheme with maximum norm is proved as an application of the main results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002110050191
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kraft pulp mill effluent and sediment can retard development and lyse sea urchin eggs (1981)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 27 (1981), S. 616-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01611072
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On operad structures of moduli spaces and string theory (1995)
    Springer
    Communications in mathematical physics 171 (1995), S. 1-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We construct a real compactification of the moduli space of punctured rational algebraic curves and show how its geometry yields operads governing homotopy Lie algebras, gravity algebras and Batalin-Vilkovisky algebras. These algebras appeared recently in the context of string theory, and we give a simple deduction of these algebraic structures from the formal axioms of conformal field theory and string theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02103769
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Was globin evolution very rapid in its early stages?: A dubious case against the rate-constancy hypothesis (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 17 (1981), S. 110-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Molecular evolutionary clock ; Maximum parsimony method ; Neutral mutation random drift hypothesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Goodman et al's (1975) claim of accelerated evolution in the early stages of globin evolution is based on an erroneous assignment of the time of divergence of vertebrate myoglobin and hemoglobin. When this is corrected, there is no basis for their claim. The data are much more consistent with the nearly constant rate expected on the neutral mutation-random drift hypothesis than with the uneven rates expected if most amino acid changes were caused by substitution of favorable mutants through Darwinian selection. In addition, the majority of the codons determined by their maximum parsimony method have turned out to be wrong when compared to the actual nucleotide sequences of rabbitα and humanβ hemoglobins determined by direct sequencing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732682
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