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  • 1
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    Technology integration box beam failure study (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The objective of this paper is to describe current results from an on-going study of the mechanisms that led to the failure of the TIBB. Experimental and analytical results are presented. Experimental results include load, strain, and deflection data for the TIBB (Technology Integration Box Beam). An analytical investigation was conducted to compliment the experimental investigation and to gain additional insight into the TIBB structural response. Analytical results include strain and deflection results from a global analysis of the TIBB. A local analysis of the failure region is being completed. These analytical results are validated through comparisons with the experimental results from the TIBB tests. The experimental and analytical results from the TIBB tests are used to determine a sequence of events that may have resulted in failure of the TIBB. A potential cause of failure is high stresses in a stiffener runout region. Typical analytical results are presented for a stiffener runout specimen that is being defined to simulate the TIBB failure mechanisms. The results of this study are anticipated to provide better understanding of potential failure mechanisms in composite aircraft structures, to lead to future design improvements, and to identify needed analytical tools for design and analysis.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: FAA, Ninth DOD(NASA)FAA Conference on Fibrous Composites in Structural Design, Volume 2; p 673-68
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Technology integration box beam failure study (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Composite structures have the potential to be cost-effective, structurally efficient primary aircraft structures. The Advanced Composites Technology (ACT) Program has the goal to develop the technology to exploit this potential for heavily loaded aircraft structures. As part of the ACT Program, Lockheed Aeronautical Systems Company completed the design and fabrication of the Technology Integration Box Beam (TIBB). The TIBB is an advanced composite prototype structure for the center wing section of the C-130 aircraft. Lockheed subjected the TIBB to downbending, upbending, torsion and combined upbending and torsion load conditions to verify the design. The TIBB failed at 83 percent of design ultimate load for the combined upbending and torsion load condition. The objective of this paper is to describe the mechanisms that led to the failure of the TIBB. The results of a comprehensive analytical and experimental study are presented. Analytical results include strain and deflection results from both a global analysis of the TIBB and a local analysis of the failure region. These analytical results are validated by experimental results from the TIBB tests. The analytical and experimental results from the TIBB tests are used to determine a sequence of events that resulted in failure of the TIBB. A potential cause of failure is high stresses in a stiffener runout region. Analytical and experimental results are also presented for a stiffener runout specimen that was used to simulate the TIBB failure mechanisms.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Third NASA Advanced Composites Technology Conference, Volume 1, Part 2; p 951-965
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  • 3
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    Presence of an SH2 domain in the actin-binding protein tensin (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-05-03
    Description: The molecular cloning of the complementary DNA coding for a 90-kilodalton fragment of tensin, an actin-binding component of focal contacts and other submembraneous cytoskeletal structures, is reported. The derived amino acid sequence revealed the presence of a Src homology 2 (SH2) domain. This domain is shared by a number of signal transduction proteins including nonreceptor tyrosine kinases such as Abl, Fps, Src, and Src family members, the transforming protein Crk, phospholipase C-gamma 1, PI-3 (phosphatidylinositol) kinase, and guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein (GAP). Like the SH2 domain found in Src, Crk, and Abl, the SH2 domain of tensin bound specifically to a number of phosphotyrosine-containing proteins from v-src-transformed cells. Tensin was also found to be phosphorylated on tyrosine residues. These findings suggest that by possessing both actin-binding and phosphotyrosine-binding activities and being itself a target for tyrosine kinases, tensin may link signal transduction pathways with the cytoskeleton.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, S -- Lu, M L -- Lo, S H -- Lin, S -- Butler, J A -- Druker, B J -- Roberts, T M -- An, Q -- Chen, L B -- GM 22289/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 38318/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 May 3;252(5006):712-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1708917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Chick Embryo ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; DNA/genetics ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Immunoblotting ; *Microfilament Proteins ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments/genetics ; Phosphotyrosine ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Signal Transduction ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    A receptor for tumor necrosis factor defines an unusual family of cellular and viral proteins (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-05-25
    Description: Tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta (TNF-alpha and TNF-beta) bind surface receptors on a variety of cell types to mediate a wide range of immunological responses, inflammatory reactions, and anti-tumor effects. A cDNA clone encoding an integral membrane protein of 461 amino acids was isolated from a human lung fibroblast library by direct expression screening with radiolabeled TNF-alpha. The encoded receptor was also able to bind TNF-beta. The predicted cysteine-rich extracellular domain has extensive sequence similarity with five proteins, including nerve growth factor receptor and a transcriptionally active open reading frame from Shope fibroma virus, and thus defines a family of receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, C A -- Davis, T -- Anderson, D -- Solam, L -- Beckmann, M P -- Jerzy, R -- Dower, S K -- Cosman, D -- Goodwin, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 May 25;248(4958):1019-23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunex Corporation, Seattle, WA 98101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2160731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Frontiers of the biological sciences (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-04
    Description: The history of the molecular revolution in biology is described, emphasizing its dependence on the emergence of bacterial genetics, the fusion of genetics and biochemistry, and the development of greatly improved techniques for studying macromolecules. Central concepts have included molecular information transfer, both by nucleic acids and by allosteric proteins; the spontaneous conversion of one-dimensional information into three-dimensional structures; and the extraordinary unity in the molecular mechanisms underlying the rich diversity of biology. The merging of molecular and morphological studies, to yield the very broad field of cell biology, is described more briefly, as are also some present frontiers in several areas of biology that present challenges at other levels of organization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, B D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 4;209(4452):78-89.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7025206" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allergy and Immunology/trends ; Allosteric Regulation ; Biological Evolution ; Biology/*history ; DNA/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; Embryology/trends ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Engineering ; Genetics/*trends ; History, 20th Century ; Membranes/physiology ; Molecular Biology/trends ; Neoplasms/etiology ; Neurology/trends ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Ribosomes/physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    DNA sequences mediating class switching in alpha-immunoglobulins (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Immunoglobulin class switching involves specific DNA rearrangements of the gene segments coding for heavy chain constant regions (CH) during B lymphocyte differentiation. In two different cases of C mu to C alpha switching examined here (T15 and M603) and one taken from the literature (MC101), three different sites on the 5' side of C mu and three different sites on the 5' side of C alpha are joined together in the process of CH switching. The sequences surrounding the three germ-line C alpha sites of recombination are highly conserved blocks of 30 nucleotides that may serve as recognition sequences for CH switching to the C alpha gene. This putative recognition sequence is repeated 17 times in approximately 1400 nucleotides of the germ-line Calpha 5' flanking sequence. The lack of homology between this C alpha sequence and sequences reported for the C gamma 1 and C gamma 2b switch sites suggests that heavy chain switching is mediated by class-specific recognition sequences and, presumably, class-specific regulatory mechanisms. In addition, it appears that in one example (MC101) CH switching progressed from C mu to C alpha to C gamma 1. This switching pathway may present difficulties for the simple deletional model of CH switching.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, M M -- Kim, S K -- Hood, L E -- AI 09072/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM 07616/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- PCM76-81546/PC/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1360-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6774415" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; *Genes ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Immunoglobulin alpha-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Mice ; Myeloma Proteins/genetics ; Recombination, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    An accurate nonlinear finite element analysis and test correlation of a stiffened composite wing panel (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: State-of-the-art nonlinear finite element analysis techniques are evaluated by applying them to a realistic aircraft structural component. A wing panel from the V-22 tiltrotor aircraft is chosen because it is a typical modern aircraft structural component for which there is experimental data for comparison of results. From blueprints and drawings, a very detailed finite element model containing 2284 9-node Assumed Natural-Coordinate Strain elements was generated. A novel solution strategy which accounts for geometric nonlinearity through the use of corotating element reference frames and nonlinear strain-displacement relations is used to analyze this detailed model. Results from linear analyses using the same finite element model are presented in order to illustrate the advantages and costs of the nonlinear analysis as compared with the more traditional linear analysis.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: In: AHS National Technical Specialists' Meeting on Rotorcraft Structures, Williamsburg, VA, Oct. 29-31, 1991, Proceedings (A93-27951 10-05); 15 p.
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  • 8
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    High-performance equation solvers and their impact on finite element analysis (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The role of equation solvers in modern structural analysis software is described. Direct and iterative equation solvers which exploit vectorization on modern high-performance computer systems are described and compared. The direct solvers are two Cholesky factorization methods. The first method utilizes a novel variable-band data storage format to achieve very high computation rates and the second method uses a sparse data storage format designed to reduce the number od operations. The iterative solvers are preconditioned conjugate gradient methods. Two different preconditioners are included; the first uses a diagonal matrix storage scheme to achieve high computation rates and the second requires a sparse data storage scheme and converges to the solution in fewer iterations that the first. The impact of using all of the equation solvers in a common structural analysis software system is demonstrated by solving several representative structural analysis problems.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering (ISSN 0029-5981); 33; 855-868
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  • 9
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    Experiences in porting NASTRAN (R) to non-traditional platforms (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The 1990 UNIX version of NASTRAN was ported to two new platforms that are not supported by COSMIC: the Sun SPARC workstation and the Apple Macintosh using the A/UX version of UNIX. The experiences of the authers in porting NASTRAN is summarized here. Suggestions for users who might attempt similar ports are given.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Computer Software Management and Information Center, Nineteenth NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloquium; p 14-21
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  • 10
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    Structural control sensors for the CASES GTF (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: CASES (Controls, Astrophysics and Structures Experiment in Space) is a proposed space experiment to collect x-ray images of the galactic center and solar disk with unprecedented resolution. This requires precision pointing and suppression of vibrations in the long flexible structure that comprises the 32-m x-ray telescope optical bench. Two separate electro-optical sensor systems are provided for the ground test facility (GTF). The Boom Motion Tracker (BMT) measures eigenvector data for post-mission use in system identification. The Tip Displacement Sensor (TDS) measures boom tip position and is used as feedback for the closed-loop control system that stabilizes the boom. Both the BMT and the TDS have met acceptance specifications and were delivered to MSFC in February 1992. This paper describes the sensor concept, the sensor configuration as implemented in the GTF, and the results of characterization and performance testing.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center, The Fifth NASA(DOD Controls-Structures Interaction Technology Conference, Part 1; p 263-275
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