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  • Protein Conformation  (17)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (17)
  • Springer Nature
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1980-1984  (5)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1995  (12)
  • 1980  (5)
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (17)
  • Springer Nature
Years
  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1980-1984  (5)
  • 1940-1944
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1995-11-17
    Description: The Tat protein of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) binds to its target RNA, TAR, and activates transcription. A 14-amino acid arginine-rich peptide corresponding to the RNA-binding domain of BIV Tat binds specifically to BIV TAR, and biochemical and in vivo experiments have identified the amino acids and nucleotides required for binding. The solution structure of the RNA-peptide complex has now been determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. TAR forms a virtually continuous A-form helix with two unstacked bulged nucleotides. The peptide adopts a beta-turn conformation and sits in the major groove of the RNA. Specific contacts are apparent between critical amino acids in the peptide and bases and phosphates in the RNA. The structure is consistent with all biochemical data and demonstrates ways in which proteins can recognize the major groove of RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Puglisi, J D -- Chen, L -- Blanchard, S -- Frankel, A D -- AI08591/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI29135/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 17;270(5239):1200-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7502045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; Gene Products, tat/*chemistry/metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine/*chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; RNA, Viral/*chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1995-06-02
    Description: Site-directed mutagenesis and Laue diffraction data to 2.5 A resolution were used to solve the structures of two sequential intermediates formed during the catalytic actions of isocitrate dehydrogenase. Both intermediates are distinct from the enzyme-substrate and enzyme-product complexes. Mutation of key catalytic residues changed the rate determining steps so that protein and substrate intermediates within the overall reaction pathway could be visualized.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bolduc, J M -- Dyer, D H -- Scott, W G -- Singer, P -- Sweet, R M -- Koshland, D E Jr -- Stoddard, B L -- GM49857/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 2;268(5215):1312-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Program in Structural Biology, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7761851" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Catalysis ; Computer Graphics ; *Crystallography, X-Ray ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Isocitrates/metabolism ; Kinetics ; *Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; NADP/metabolism ; Protein Conformation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: An analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing a gamma-lactam as a conformational constraint has been prepared with the use of a novel cyclization of a methionine sulfonium salt. The analog is more active as a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist that the parent hormone, and provides evidence for a bioactive conformation containing a beta-turn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freidinger, R M -- Veber, D F -- Perlow, D S -- Brooks, J R -- Saperstein, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):656-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Assay ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; *Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Lactams ; Protein Conformation ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1995-04-28
    Description: DCoH, the dimerization cofactor of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1, stimulates gene expression by associating with specific DNA binding proteins and also catalyzes the dehydration of the biopterin cofactor of phenylalanine hydroxylase. The x-ray crystal structure determined at 3 angstrom resolution reveals that DCoH forms a tetramer containing two saddle-shaped grooves that comprise likely macromolecule binding sites. Two equivalent enzyme active sites flank each saddle, suggesting that there is a spatial connection between the catalytic and binding activities. Structural similarities between the DCoH fold and nucleic acid-binding proteins argue that the saddle motif has evolved to bind diverse ligands or that DCoH unexpectedly may bind nucleic acids.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Endrizzi, J A -- Cronk, J D -- Wang, W -- Crabtree, G R -- Alber, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 28;268(5210):556-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-3206, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7725101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Computer Graphics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hydro-Lyases/*chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Rats ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*chemistry/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1995-03-10
    Description: The crystal structure of the tungsten-containing aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase (AOR) from Pyrococcus furiosus, a hyperthermophilic archaeon (formerly archaebacterium) that grows optimally at 100 degrees C, has been determined at 2.3 angstrom resolution by means of multiple isomorphous replacement and multiple crystal form averaging. AOR consists of two identical subunits, each containing an Fe4S4 cluster and a molybdopterin-based tungsten cofactor that is analogous to the molybdenum cofactor found in a large class of oxotransferases. Whereas the general features of the tungsten coordination in this cofactor were consistent with a previously proposed structure, each AOR subunit unexpectedly contained two molybdopterin molecules that coordinate a tungsten by a total of four sulfur ligands, and the pterin system was modified by an intramolecular cyclization that generated a three-ringed structure. In comparison to other proteins, the hyperthermophilic enzyme AOR has a relatively small solvent-exposed surface area, and a relatively large number of both ion pairs and buried atoms. These properties may contribute to the extreme thermostability of this enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chan, M K -- Mukund, S -- Kletzin, A -- Adams, M W -- Rees, D C -- 1F32 GM15006/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM50775/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 10;267(5203):1463-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pasadena, CA 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7878465" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/*chemistry/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Archaea/*enzymology ; Binding Sites ; *Coenzymes ; Computer Graphics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Enzyme Stability ; Ferrous Compounds ; Metalloproteins/analysis/chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Organometallic Compounds/analysis/*chemistry ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Pteridines/analysis/chemistry ; Pterins/analysis/*chemistry ; Surface Properties ; Temperature ; Tungsten/analysis/*chemistry
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1995-03-31
    Description: The crystal structure of a class I aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetase, glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (GluRS) from Thermus thermophilus, was solved and refined at 2.5 A resolution. The amino-terminal half of GluRS shows a geometrical similarity with that of Escherichia coli glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (GlnRS) of the same subclass in class I, comprising the class I-specific Rossmann fold domain and the intervening subclass-specific alpha/beta domain. These domains were found to have two GluRS-specific, secondary-structure insertions, which then participated in the specific recognition of the D and acceptor stems of tRNA(Glu) as indicated by mutagenesis analyses based on the docking properties of GluRS and tRNA. In striking contrast to the beta-barrel structure of the GlnRS carboxyl-terminal half, the GluRS carboxyl-terminal half displayed an all-alpha-helix architecture, an alpha-helix cage, and mutagenesis analyses indicated that it had a role in the anticodon recognition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nureki, O -- Vassylyev, D G -- Katayanagi, K -- Shimizu, T -- Sekine, S -- Kigawa, T -- Miyazawa, T -- Yokoyama, S -- Morikawa, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 31;267(5206):1958-65.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7701318" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases/chemistry ; Anticodon ; Biological Evolution ; Computer Graphics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Glutamate-tRNA Ligase/*chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA, Transfer, Glu/chemistry/metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Thermus thermophilus/*enzymology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1995-03-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolynes, P G -- Onuchic, J N -- Thirumalai, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 17;267(5204):1619-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7886447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computer Simulation ; Models, Chemical ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; *Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1995-10-13
    Description: The Saccharomyces cerevisiae MATa1 and MAT alpha 2 homeodomain proteins, which play a role in determining yeast cell type, form a heterodimer that binds DNA and represses transcription in a cell type-specific manner. Whereas the alpha 2 and a1 proteins on their own have only modest affinity for DNA, the a1/alpha 2 heterodimer binds DNA with high specificity and affinity. The three-dimensional crystal structure of the a1/alpha 2 homeodomain heterodimer bound to DNA was determined at a resolution of 2.5 A. The a1 and alpha 2 homeodomains bind in a head-to-tail orientation, with heterodimer contacts mediated by a 16-residue tail located carboxyl-terminal to the alpha 2 homeodomain. This tail becomes ordered in the presence of a1, part of it forming a short amphipathic helix that packs against the a1 homeodomain between helices 1 and 2. A pronounced 60 degree bend is induced in the DNA, which makes possible protein-protein and protein-DNA contacts that could not take place in a straight DNA fragment. Complex formation mediated by flexible protein-recognition peptides attached to stably folded DNA binding domains may prove to be a general feature of the architecture of other classes of eukaryotic transcriptional regulators.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, T -- Stark, M R -- Johnson, A D -- Wolberger, C -- GM-37049/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 13;270(5234):262-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-2185, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA, Fungal/*chemistry/metabolism ; Fungal Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Operator Regions, Genetic ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Repressor Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*chemistry/genetics ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1995-12-08
    Description: A stepwise approach for reducing the size of a polypeptide hormone, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), from 28 residues to 15 while retaining high biopotency is described. Systematic structural and functional analysis identified a discontinuous functional epitope for receptor binding and activation, most of which was placed onto a smaller ring (Cys6 to Cys17) that was created by repositioning the ANP native disulfide bond (Cys7 to Cys23). High affinity was subsequently restored by optimizing the remaining noncritical residues by means of phage display. Residues that flanked the mini-ring structure were then deleted in stages, and affinity losses were rectified by additional phage-sorting experiments. Thus, structural and functional data on hormones, coupled with phage display methods, can be used to shrink the hormones to moieties more amendable to small-molecule design.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, B -- Tom, J Y -- Oare, D -- Yen, R -- Fairbrother, W J -- Wells, J A -- Cunningham, B C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Dec 8;270(5242):1657-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Protein Engineering, Genenteeh, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7502074" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*chemistry/genetics/immunology/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cyclic GMP/metabolism ; Epitopes ; Guanylate Cyclase/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Protein Conformation ; *Protein Engineering ; Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1995-10-06
    Description: Fundamental chemical transformations for biogeochemical cycling of sulfur and nitrogen are catalyzed by sulfite and nitrite reductases. The crystallographic structure of Escherichia coli sulfite reductase hemoprotein (SiRHP), which catalyzes the concerted six-electron reductions of sulfite to sulfide and nitrite to ammonia, was solved with multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) of the native siroheme and Fe4S4 cluster cofactors, multiple isomorphous replacement, and selenomethionine sequence markers. Twofold symmetry within the 64-kilodalton polypeptide generates a distinctive three-domain alpha/beta fold that controls cofactor assembly and reactivity. Homology regions conserved between the symmetry-related halves of SiRHP and among other sulfite and nitrite reductases revealed key residues for stability and function, and identified a sulfite or nitrite reductase repeat (SNiRR) common to a redox-enzyme superfamily. The saddle-shaped siroheme shares a cysteine thiolate ligand with the Fe4S4 cluster and ligates an unexpected phosphate anion. In the substrate complex, sulfite displaces phosphate and binds to siroheme iron through sulfur. An extensive hydrogen-bonding network of positive side chains, water molecules, and siroheme carboxylates activates S-O bonds for reductive cleavage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crane, B R -- Siegel, L M -- Getzoff, E D -- GM212226/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM37684/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 6;270(5233):59-67.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569952" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Anions ; Binding Sites ; Catalysis ; Computer Graphics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Escherichia coli/*enzymology ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors/*chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Sulfite Reductase (NADPH) ; Sulfites/*metabolism
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