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  • Animals  (245)
  • Chemical Engineering  (160)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (211)
  • 1980-1984  (194)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1985  (211)
  • 1980  (194)
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Years
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (211)
  • 1980-1984  (194)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 25 (1985), S. 305-310 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Laminar mixing in a single screw extruder between two miscible liquids is considered. Studies are presented which examine the mixing performance in single screw extruders with mixing sections, variable geometry screws, and multi-viscosity mixtures. Model extruders, set up on engine lathes, were used to mix colored silicone rubber which eventually cured in the screw channel. The cured silicone was then removed and sliced to measure the mixing. Results show mixing as a function of both down channel location and total average strain. For the mixing section study, results support the theory of interfacial area reorientation as the key mechanism in mixing section performance. Increasing viscosity ratio for the multi-viscosity study showed a decrease in mixing rate.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: The release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) from tissue from the mediobasal hypothalamic-anterior hypothalamic-preoptic area of prepuberal female rats was measured in a perfusion system. Measurements were also made of the concentrations of LHRH in these tissue fragments and of luteinizing hormone in serum obtained when the rats were killed. Four groups of immature rats were studied: intact, ovariectomized, ovariectomized and implanted with estradiol-containing capsules, and ovariectomized rats primed with estradiol and injected with progesterone. The release of LHRH from the tissue of ovariectomized animals was significantly less than that of intact females and was not modified when the ovariectomized rats received estradiol. However, there was a four- to fivefold increase in LHRH release from tissue of ovariectomized rats primed with estradiol when they were killed 6 hours after they received an injection of progesterone. The concentrations of LHRH in tissue and of luteinizing hormone in serum varied among groups and with the time of day that the animals were killed. The interactions among luteinizing hormone, gonadal steroids, and the photoperiod seem to set the appropriate conditions for neural processes triggering a complete and normal release of luteinizing hormone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ramirez, V D -- Dluzen, D -- Lin, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1037-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6990489" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Circadian Rhythm ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*metabolism ; Hypothalamus/*metabolism ; Hypothalamus, Anterior/metabolism ; Light ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Preoptic Area/metabolism ; Progesterone/*pharmacology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: Fifteen independently isolated complementary DNA clones that contain T-cell receptor (TCR) V beta genes were sequenced and found to represent 11 different V beta genes. When compared with known sequences, 14 different V beta genes could be defined from a total of 25 complementary DNA's; 11 clones therefore involved repeated usage of previously identified V beta's. Based on these data, we calculate a maximum likelihood estimate of the number of expressed germline V beta genes to be 18 with an upper 95 percent confidence bound of 30 genes. Southern blot analysis has shown that most of these genes belong to single element subfamilies which show very limited interstrain polymorphism. The TCR beta-chain diversity appears to be generated from a limited V beta gene pool primarily by extensive variability at the variable-diversity-joining (V-D-J) junctional site, with no evidence for the involvement of somatic hypermutation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Behlke, M A -- Spinella, D G -- Chou, H S -- Sha, W -- Hartl, D L -- Loh, D Y -- GM07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):566-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3875151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dna ; Gene Pool ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Hybridomas ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Spleen ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thymus Gland
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: Cells of metazoan organisms produce and react to complex macromolecular microenvironments known as extracellular matrices. Assembly in vitro of native, compositionally nonuniform collagen-fibronectin matrices caused translocation of certain types of cells or polystyrene-latex beads from regions lacking fibronectin into regions containing it. The translocation process was not due to diffusion, convection, or electrostatic distribution effects, but may depend on nonequilibrium phenomena at the interface of contiguous collagen matrices formed in the presence and absence of fibronectin or particles. Extracellular matrix formation alone was sufficient to drive translocation by a biophysical process that may play a role in cellular migration during embryogenesis, as well as in other types of tissue reorganization such as inflammation, wound healing, and tumor invasion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newman, S A -- Frenz, D A -- Tomasek, J J -- Rabuzzi, D D -- HD18148/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):885-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cartilage/cytology/embryology ; *Cell Movement/drug effects ; Chick Embryo ; Collagen/*pharmacology ; Diffusion ; Extracellular Matrix/*physiology ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Fibronectins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Microspheres ; Movement
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-02-22
    Description: Purification of two antigens (48-kilodalton polypeptide and a group with major subunits of 50 and 55 kilodaltons) from the infective larvae of the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis was recently reported. Immunization of mice with either of these antigens induces strong resistance to a subsequent challenge infection. In the study reported here the mechanism of this resistance was investigated by monitoring the parasite's life cycle in mice immunized with the antigens. Immunized mice were able to expel intestinal adult worms and to inhibit the fecundity of adult female worms at an accelerated rate compared to control mice. Accelerated expulsion and inhibition of fecundity may account entirely for the level of resistance induced by immunization. Although the effects of the immune response apparently are exerted on adult worms, the target antigens are expressed only by developing larvae. This suggests that immune effector mechanisms act on intestinal larvae in such a way that they develop into defective adults.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Silberstein, D S -- Despommier, D D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 22;227(4689):948-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3969571" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Helminth/immunology/*isolation & purification ; Female ; Immunization ; Larva ; Male ; Mice ; Trichinella/growth & development/*immunology ; Trichinellosis/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1985-11-01
    Description: Atrial natriuretic peptides lower arterial pressure, cardiac filling pressure, and cardiac output. In isolated, Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts, atriopeptin II, the 23-amino acid atrial natriuretic peptide, is also a potent coronary vasoconstrictor. The median effective dose for atriopeptin II in guinea pig hearts is 26 nanomoles, the threshold constrictor dose is 5 nanomoles, and flow nearly ceases at a dose of 100 nanomoles in perfused hearts at constant pressure. Similar concentrations of atriopeptin II also cause coronary vasoconstriction in rat and dog heart preparations. The disulfide bridge is necessary for vasoconstrictor activity; reduction of this bridge abolishes the activity, as it does the other biological activities of atrial natriuretic peptides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wangler, R D -- Breuhaus, B A -- Otero, H O -- Hastings, D A -- Holzman, M D -- Saneii, H H -- Sparks, H V Jr -- Chimoskey, J E -- HL07507/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL24232/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL30239/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):558-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2931801" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*pharmacology ; Coronary Circulation/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Guinea Pigs ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Perfusion ; Regional Blood Flow/drug effects ; Vasoconstriction/*drug effects ; Verapamil/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1985-10-04
    Description: The T-cell tropic retrovirus of macaque monkeys STLV-III has morphologic, growth, and antigenic properties indicating that it is related to HTLV-III/LAV, the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans. Four of six rhesus monkeys died within 160 days of STLV-III inoculation with a wasting syndrome, opportunistic infections, a primary retroviral encephalitis, and immunologic abnormalities including a decrease in T4+ peripheral blood lymphocytes. These data show that an immunodeficiency syndrome can be produced experimentally in a nonhuman primate by an agent from the HTLV-III/LAV group of retroviruses. The STLV-III-macaque system will thus provide a useful model for the study of antiviral agents and vaccine development for human AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Letvin, N L -- Daniel, M D -- Sehgal, P K -- Desrosiers, R C -- Hunt, R D -- Waldron, L M -- MacKey, J J -- Schmidt, D K -- Chalifoux, L V -- King, N W -- AI 20729/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA 34979/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 38205/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412295" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology/pathology ; Animals ; Brain/pathology ; Deltaretrovirus ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Epitopes/analysis ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Macaca mulatta ; Microscopy, Electron ; Pancreas/pathology ; *Retroviridae ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1985-03-01
    Description: Antisera to atriopeptin III and to a cyanogen bromide fragment of the precursor molecule atriopeptigen were prepared and used to examine the distribution of atriopeptin-like immunoreactive material in the heart and brain of the rat. Granules of this material were seen in myocytes throughout the right and left atria and were densest in the perinuclear region. The distribution of atriopeptin-like immunoreactive material in the heart is consistent with previous reports of atrial secretory granules. In the brain neurons containing the material were observed in the hypothalamus and the pontine tegmentum. Atriopeptin in the brain may serve as a neurotransmitter in neural systems controlling blood volume and composition, the same physiological functions regulated by blood-borne atriopeptin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saper, C B -- Standaert, D G -- Currie, M G -- Schwartz, D -- Geller, D M -- Needleman, P -- GM07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS00631/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS18669/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 1;227(4690):1047-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2858127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atrial Function ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Brain/*physiology ; *Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Hypothalamus/cytology/physiology ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Muscle Proteins/immunology/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Rats ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: Cerebral cortex samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease and from rats after experimental cholinergic denervation of the cerebral cortex exhibited reductions in the presynaptic marker choline acetyltransferase activity and in the number of M2 muscarine receptors, with no change in the number of M1 receptors. These results are in keeping with evidence that M2 receptors function in cholinergic nerve terminals to regulate the release of acetylcholine, whereas M1 receptors are located on postsynaptic cells and facilitate cellular excitation. New M1-selective agonists and M2-selective antagonists directed at post- or presynaptic sites deserve consideration as potential agents for the treatment of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mash, D C -- Flynn, D D -- Potter, L T -- HLO-7188/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1115-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3992249" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/*metabolism ; Cholinergic Fibers/physiology ; Denervation ; Humans ; Male ; Oxotremorine ; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Muscarinic/*metabolism ; Synaptic Membranes/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-11-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hewlett, E L -- Pearson, R D -- Zilberstein, D -- Dwyer, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1063-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*therapeutic use ; Clomipramine/therapeutic use ; Leishmaniasis/*drug therapy ; Membranes/drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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