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  • Kinetics  (26)
  • Time Factors  (19)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (43)
  • Springer  (2)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • 1980-1984  (45)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1981  (23)
  • 1980  (22)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (43)
  • Springer  (2)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (45)
  • 1940-1944
Year
  • 1
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    Regulation of leucine metabolism in man: a stable isotope study (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: Leucine catabolism is regulated by either of the first two degradative steps: (reversible) transamination to the keto acid or subsequent decarboxylation. A method is described to measure rates of leucine transamination, reamination, and keto acid oxidation. The method is applied directly to humans by infusing the nonradioactive tracer, L-[15N,1-13C]leucine. Leucine transamination was found to be operating several times faster than the keto acid decarboxylation and to be of equal magnitude in adult human males under two different dietary conditions, postabsorptive and fed. These results indicate that decarboxylation, not transamination, is the rate-limiting step in normal human leucine metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, D E -- Bier, D M -- Rennie, M J -- Edwards, R H -- Halliday, D -- Millward, D J -- Clugston, G A -- AM-25994/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD-10667/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Carbon Isotopes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leucine/*metabolism ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Antibody to spermine: a natural biological constituent (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: A protein that binds spermine specifically was separated from normal rabbit serum by affinity chromatography. Immunoelectrophoresis, the Ouchterlony immunodiffusion test, and gradient gel electrophoresis indicated that this protein has immunoglobulin characteristics and consists of several populations of antibodies to spermine. These were sequentially released from Sepharose-spermine gel by step-wise elution with solutions ranging in pH from 4 to 1. The binding constants varied from 5.0 x 10(8) to 11.1 x 10(8) liters per mole. These globulins did not react with monoacetylputrescine, L-ornithine, L-lysine, and histamine. Negligible cross-reactivity was detected with spermidine, putrescine, N8-monoacetylspermidine, cadaverine, and diaminopropane. Since perturbations in polyamine metabolism have been identified in several diseases, the study of extracellular polyamine homeostasis may reveal an important regulatory function for this protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartos, D -- Bartos, F -- Campbell, R A -- Grettie, D P -- Smejtek, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1178-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies/*isolation & purification ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Chromatography, Affinity ; Homeostasis ; Immunoglobulin G/isolation & purification ; Kinetics ; Rabbits ; Spermine/*immunology/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Noise raises blood pressure without impairing auditory sensitivity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-27
    Description: Two rhesus monkeys, exposed continuously to realistic patterns and levels of noise for 9 months, exhibited sustained elevations in blood pressure that did not return to baseline values after the noise ended. Auditory brainstem responses, measured before and after exposure, indicated no change in auditory sensitivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peterson, E A -- Augenstein, J S -- Tanis, D C -- Augenstein, D G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1450-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466404" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood Pressure ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Female ; *Noise ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    A photobiological evaluation of tanning booths (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-23
    Description: The use of tanning booths as a substitute for natural sunlight is becoming increasingly popular. However, unless careful attention is paid to proper design and maintenance, the radiation field inside a tanning booth can be highly anisotropic. The use of simple, inexpensive ultraviolet radiation meters to measure dosage can lead to serious overexposure. Since the ultraviolet radiation inside a tanning booth has a greater proportion of short wavelengths (less than 300 nanometers) than natural sunlight, the amount of skin cancer-inducing radiation received for a tan may be twice that received for a natural suntan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nachtwey, D S -- Rundel, R D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):405-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221547" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Erythema/etiology ; Humans ; *Light ; Photometry ; Skin/*radiation effects ; Sunburn/*etiology ; Time Factors ; *Ultraviolet Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Neuronal loss in hippocampus induced by prolonged ethanol consumption in rats (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: Quantitative neurohistological techniques were used to examine the hippocampal complex of laboratory rats maintained on ethanol-containing or control diets for 5 months followed by a 2-month alcohol-free period. Chronic ethanol consumption resulted in a significant loss of hippocampal pyramidal and dentate gyrus granule cells. This study provides direct evidence that long-term ethanol consumption, in the absence of malnutrition, produces neuronal loss in the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walker, D W -- Barnes, D E -- Zornetzer, S F -- Hunter, B E -- Kubanis, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):711-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology ; Male ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Pyramidal Tracts/drug effects/physiology ; Rats ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of alkaline chloramine-T oxidation of arginine monohydrochloride with and without catalytic action of Cu(II) ion (1980)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 111 (1980), S. 649-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Arginine ; Catalysis ; Kinetics ; Mechanism ; Oxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Oxidation erfolgt sowohl mit als auch ohne Cu(II)-Katalysator in erster Ordnung bezüglich des Oxidationsmittels und des Substrats; inverse Ordnung wird bezüglich der Alkalikonzentration beobachtet. Bis zu einer Cu(II)-Konzentration von≤2×10−5 M ist die Geschwindigkeitskonstante der Katalysatorkonzentration proportional; darüber wird eine konstantbleibende Geschwindigkeit beobachtet, die nun von der Cu(II)-Konzentration unabhängig ist. Neutralsalze haben keinen Effekt auf die Geschwindigkeitskonstante. Es wird für den katalysierten und unkatalysierten Reaktionsablauf ein Mechanismus vorgeschlagen und ein mathematischer Ansatz präsentiert.
    Notes: Abstract The kinetics of uncatalysed and Cu(II) catalysed oxidation of arginine monohydrochloride was investigated. Both reactions follow a singular order dependence each in oxidant and substrate. An inverse order dependence is reported with the alkali concentration. A plot of observed rate constant versus Cu(II) concentrations Cu(II)≤2.0×10−5 M is linear; from the intercept the rate constant for the uncatalysed pathway was calculated. However, at high copper ion concentrations i.e. Cu(II)〉2.0×10−5 M a fixed value of rate constant was found for all catalyst concentrations. Added neutral salts show an insignificant effect on the reaction rate. Mechanisms were proposed for both cases and rate expressions were derived by applying steady state assumptions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00903319
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative kinetic light-scattering and -absorption photometry (1981)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 8 (1981), S. 23-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Light-scattering ; Flash photometry ; Kinetics ; Visual transduction ; Biomembranes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A recent development of kinetic light-scattering and -absorption photometry is described. Essential points are: 1) In the scattering experiment, amplitude resolution of 2 · 10−5 (single flash) by application of a differential detector, stability of the same magnitude due to optical compensation, high intensity at the detector due to special optics for the scattered light and semiconductor sources. 2) In the absorption measurement, elimination of scattering contributions by the dual wavelength-method and by high aperture optics. 3) Simultaneous measurement of absorption and scattering. The application of the method is described in using signals from isolated bovine rod outer segments. A reliable procedure is described by the use of which the originally measured light-scattering effects can be split up into single signals. The method allows comparative kinetic analysis of absorption and scattering signals. The possible causal connections between pigment and membrane structure processes can be selected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01047103
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  • 8
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    Specific reading disability: differences in contrast sensitivity as a function of spatial frequency (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-01
    Description: Contrast thresholds for sine-wave gratings of spatial frequencies of 2, 4, 12, and 16 cycles per degree were determined for normal and disabled readers at a range of stimulus durations. Normal readers demonstrated monotonically decreasing sensitivity with increasing spatial frequency at exposure durations between 40 and 100 milliseconds. At exposure durations of 150 to 1000 milliseconds, they showed peak sensitivity at 4 cycles per degree. In comparison, disabled readers showed monotonically decreasing sensitivity with increasing spatial frequency at all stimulus durations. The difference in sensitivity pattern across spatial frequencies was greatest at stimulus durations approximately equal to fixation durations during reading.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lovegrove, W J -- Bowling, A -- Badcock, D -- Blackwood, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct;210(4468):439-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7433985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afterimage/physiology ; Dyslexia/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Space Perception/physiology ; Time Factors ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Feeding: satiety signal from intestine triggers brain's noradrenergic mechanism (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-29
    Description: Noradrenergic neurons in the hypothalamus involved in feeding and satiety are activated by gastrointestinal receptors. In the unrestrained rat, sites were first identified at which norepinephrine injected in the medial hypothalamus caused spontaneous feeding, or in the lateral hypothalamus caused no response. The activity of in vivo norepinephrine at these two sites was characterized by localized push-pull perfusion. When a nutrient was infused directly into the rat's duodenum, the synaptic release of hypothalamic norepinephrine was enhanced at lateral sites insensitive to norepinephrine, but suppressed at medial sites reactive to norepinephrine. Thus, signals from duodenal receptors are conceivably sent to the rat's brain to end feeding by way of noradrenergic inhibitory neurons in the hypothalamus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myers, R D -- McCaleb, M L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 29;209(4460):1035-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Duodenum/innervation/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Glucose ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Rats ; Satiation/*physiology ; Satiety Response/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Multiple daily amphetamine administration: behavioral and neurochemical alterations (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: In rats, multiple daily amphetamine injections (2.5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight, injected subcutaneously every 4 hours for 5 days) resulted in a progressive augmentation in response, characterized by a more rapid onset and an increased magnitude of stereotypy. By contrast, offset times of both the stereotypy and the poststereotypy hyperactivity periods were markedly shortened. When the animals were retested with the same dose of amphetamine 8 days after the long-term treatment was discontinued, the time of offset of the stereotypy and hyperactivity phases had recovered to values found with short-term amphetamine treatment, whereas the more rapid onset of stereotypy persisted. Brain monoamine and amphetamine concentrations and tyrosine hydroxylase activity were determined in comparably treated rats at times corresponding to the behavioral observations. The behavioral data indicate that enhanced responsiveness to amphetamine following its repeated administration may contribute to the development of amphetamine psychosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Segal, D S -- Weinberger, S B -- Cahill, J -- McCunney, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4433):905-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/*drug effects ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain Chemistry/drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rats ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Stereotyped Behavior/*drug effects ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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