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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (121)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (121)
  • 1979  (121)
  • 1
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    Cool stars - Effective temperatures, angular diameters, and reddening determined from 1-5 micron flux curves and model atmospheres (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 228
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    GX339-4 - A new black hole candidate (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: HEAO-1 observations of aperiodic variability in the galactic X-ray source GX339-4 (4U 1658-48) on time scales of tens of milliseconds to a few seconds are reported. It is shown that the overall characteristics of GX339-4 place it in the same class of X-ray sources as Cyg X-1 and Cir X-1, which are candidates for black holes in binary systems. The detection of X-ray flares from GX339-4 is discussed, particularly a series of five sequential flares with separations of about 250 ms.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature; 278; Mar. 29
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Viking relativity experiment - Verification of signal retardation by solar gravity (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Analysis of 14 months of data obtained from radio ranging to the Viking spacecraft verified, to an estimated accuracy of 0.1%, the prediction of the general theory of relativity that the round-trip times of light signals traveling between the earth and Mars are increased by the direct effect of solar gravity. The corresponding value for the metric parameter gamma is 1.000 plus or minus 0.002, where the quoted uncertainty, twice the formal standard deviation, allows for possible systematic errors.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 234
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Stellar model chromospheres. XI - A survey of Ca II lambda 8542 line profiles in late-type stars of differing chromospheric activity (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: PB80-144215 , Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series; 41; Nov. 197
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Supernovae and the origin of the solar system (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: This review concentrates on recent ideas involving a relationship between the early solar system and supernova explosions. It summarizes briefly the data that has helped inspire those ideas. Because the true relationship is still unknown and generates controversy, the distinct ideas are introduced singly in the historical context of their origins, and the active sense of surprise and controversy is visible. Quotations from pivotal papers are used as part of the exposition. The subject involves equally the isotopic anomalies detected in meteorites and the dynamic events of galactic evolution, nucleosynthesis, and protosolar collapse. Whatever the correct situation is, new connections have been found between the origin of the elements and the formation of the solar system. The objective of this review is to enable interested space scientists to quickly identify the competing points of view and the experiments and theories that have led to them.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Space Science Reviews; 24; Oct. 197
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Sudden grain nucleation and growth in supernova and nova ejecta (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The thermal conditions leading to the rapid nucleation and growth of dust in astronomical explosions are examined. The contribution to nucleation physics lies only in the clarification of the ambient conditions where it apparently occurs. In both nova and interior shells of supernovae, dust precipitates in gas densities of the order of 10 to the -14th g/cu cm a few months after the explosion. The ambient conditions differ widely, however. Supernova condensation occurs in a thermal equilibrium, with photons, ions, electrons, and grains having equal temperatures. In novae huge disequilibria exist, with photon and electron temperatures near 50,000 K, photon energy density near 750 K, and forming refractory grains near 1800 K. In neither type of explosion can the condensed matter easily maintain chemical equilibrium with the total system. Interesting isotopic anomalies are trapped in both types of refractory condensate in the interstellar medium. The nova provides the best astronomical laboratory for observing the condensation.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 7
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    Spectrophotometry of Michigan-Tololo quasars (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The Michigan-Tololo sample of quasars is discussed using observational data for 48% of this sample. Emission-line quasar characteristics are confirmed for 80% of the objects observed, including at least four new quasars with spectral features indicative of 'supernova-like' outflow. Approximately 73% of the redshifts predicted from the discovery plates are found to be accurate, with a mean error in z of 0.03; a large range of z (from about 0.1 to 3.16) is represented in the sample. The interpretation of the observed redshift distribution for quasars is strongly dependent upon the significance ascribed to wavelength-dependent selection effects. It appears that the behavior of the comoving quasar density above z = 2.0 may be represented by a constant or an exponential increase.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 8
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    Dust release and mantle development in comets (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A model of dust release and dust mantle development by cometary nuclei is developed to explain the brightness asymmetry observed in comets before and after perihelion. Assuming that the cometary nucleus consists of a uniform mixture of dust and volatile ices and taking into account the differential mass spectrum of the dust and the effect of nuclear gravity, it is shown that the factor which determines whether a comet will be brighter before or after perihelion is the mass ratio of dust to volatiles in the nucleus. If this ratio is greater than about two, the comet will be brighter on the inward path and not lose its mantle near perihelion. Applying the model to comet Halley (dust to volatiles ratio presumed to be less than two), it is predicted that the comet remains without a mantle until it reaches a heliocentric distance of 2.035 AU after perihelion and loses its mantle suddenly at a distance of about 1.45 AU on the inward path, causing it to be brighter after perihelion. Predictions of monochromatic brightness are found to be in fair agreement with total observed brightnesses.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 229
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  • 9
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    A search for interstellar glycine (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A search has been made for the simplest amino acid - glycine - in Sgr B2, Ori A, and seven other molecular clouds. Six different lines were sought ranging from 83.4 GHz down to 22.7 GHz, and radio telescopes at Parkes, New South Wales, Kitt Peak, Arizona, and Onsala, Sweden, were used. On the assumption of reasonable values for excitation temperature and Boltzmann distributions over rotational energy states, upper limits of column densities for glycine of a few times 10 to the 12th per sq cm to a few times 10 to the 14th per sq cm were typically established in the sources surveyed. Glycine appears to be less abundant than ethanol or ethyl cyanide in molecular clouds such as Sgr B2 and Ori A.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Royal Astronomical Society; vol. 186
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Star and planetary system formation in collapsing, viscous, rotating clouds (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The results of a preliminary investigation of several processes that are of interest both for the formation of stars and for the evolution of planetary systems are presented. It is shown that turbulent viscosity is capable of playing an important role in conveying angular momentum over time scales that are short enough to be significant. Meridional circulation can also act in this fashion during some phases of the evolution. This transport may reduce the probability of formation of the rings that have been found by most earlier investigators. Transport and mixing on a faster than cooling time scale should also inhibit usual modes of fragmentation and the present work casts some doubt on the multiple successive fragmentation scenarios that lead from a massive molecular cloud to a collection of roughly solar mass protostars. The conditions that are probable in the disks that would exist at varying phases of collapse are examined and it is concluded that turbulent viscosity would be very important in a pre-solar nebula.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 19, 1979 - Mar 23, 1979; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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