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Digitale Medien

Influence of plant resistance at the third trophic level: interactions between parasitoids and entomopathogenic fungi of cereal aphids (1998)

Fuentes-Contreras, Edurado ; Pell, Judith K. ; Niemeyer, Hermann M.

Springer

Oecologia 117 (1998), S. 426-432

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ISSN: 1432-1939

Schlagwort(e): Key words Tritrophic effects ; Host-plant resistance ; Parasitoid ; Entomopathogenic fungi ; Competition

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract Host-plant resistance can affect herbivorous insects and their natural enemies such as parasitoids and entomopathogenic fungi. This tritrophic effect acts on interspecific interactions between the two groups of natural enemies distantly related in phylogenetic terms. The intra- and extra-host aspects of the interaction between the cereal aphid parasitoid Aphidius rhopalosiphi and the entomopathogenic fungus Erynia neoaphidis developing on the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, on resistant and susceptible wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, were studied. The competitive outcome of the intra-host interaction depended on the timing of parasitoid oviposition and fungal infection and was affected by wheat resistance. In particular, survival of the parasitoid was lower on the resistant wheat cultivar than the susceptible wheat cultivar, when the competitive outcome of the interaction was favourable for either parasitoid or fungal development. Before and after this period the influence of plant resistance was not significant. Furthermore, the extra-host interaction was not affected by the wheat cultivar, although an increase in fungal infection of S. avenae was observed when parasitoids foraged in the experimental arena with sporulating aphid cadavers compared with foraging in the absence of sporulating cadavers. Our results showed that the host plant may affect interspecific interactions between parasitoids and fungi and that these interactions depended on the timing of parasitoid oviposition and fungal infection.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050677

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Digitale Medien

DIBOA in wild Poaceae: Sources of resistance to the Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) and the greenbug (Schizaphis graminum) (1998)

Gianoli, Ernesto ; Niemeyer, Hermann M.

Springer

Euphytica 102 (1998), S. 317-321

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ISSN: 1573-5060

Schlagwort(e): aphids ; cereal breeding ; DIBOA ; Diuraphis noxia ; hydroxamic acids ; pest resistance ; Poaceae ; Schizaphis graminum

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Notizen: Abstract Hydroxamic acids are secondary metabolites typical of Poaceae that play a role in cereal resistance against pests and pathogens. The content of the hydroxamic acid aglucones DIBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) and DIMBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) was evaluated in wild Poaceae belonging to the tribes Triticeae (genera Hordeum and Elymus) and Aveneae (genera Deschampsia and Phalaris). The concentration of DIBOA in seedling extracts of the wild barleys Hordeum chilense, H. brevisubulatum subsp. violaceum and H. bulbosum was negatively correlated with parameters related to performance of the cereal aphids Schizaphis graminum and Diuraphis noxia. The relevance of the results obtained for breeding programs aimed at increasing cereal resistance against aphids is discussed.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018323121213

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