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  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (24)
  • 1990-1994  (23)
  • 1975-1979  (1)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: A Navier-Stokes equations solver based on a pressure correction method with a pressure-staggered mesh and calculations of separated three-dimensional flows are presented. It is shown that the velocity pressure decoupling, which occurs when various pressure correction algorithms are used for pressure-staggered meshes, is caused by the ill-conditioned discrete pressure correction equation. The use of a partial differential equation for the incremental pressure eliminates the velocity pressure decoupling mechanism by itself and yields accurate numerical results. Example flows considered are a three-dimensional lid driven cavity flow and a laminar flow through a 90 degree bend square duct. For the lid driven cavity flow, the present numerical results compare more favorably with the measured data than those obtained using a formally third order accurate quadratic upwind interpolation scheme. For the curved duct flow, the present numerical method yields a grid independent solution with a very small number of grid points. The calculated velocity profiles are in good agreement with the measured data.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: In: Numerical methods in laminar and turbulent flow; Proceedings of the 7th International Conference, Stanford Univ., CA, July 15-19, 1991. Vol. 7, pt. 2 (A93-34301 13-34); p. 1454-1464.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The fine-scale structure of turbulence in a fully developed turbulent duct flow is examined by considering the 3D velocity derivative field obtained from direct numerical simulations at two relatively small Reynolds numbers. The magnitudes of all mean-square derivatives (normalized by wall variables) increase with the Reynolds number, the increase being largest at the wall. These magnitudes are not consistent with the assumption of local isotropy except perhaps near the duct center-line. When the assumption of local isotropy is relaxed to one of local axisymmetry, or invariance with respect to rotation about a coordinate axis (here chosen in the streamwise direction), satisfactory agreement is indicated by the data outside the wall region. Support for axisymmetry is demonstrated by anisotropy invariant maps of the dissipation and vorticity tensors.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (ISSN 0022-1120); 233; 369-388
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Near-wall flow structures in turbulent shear flows are analyzed, with particular emphasis on the study of their space-time evolution and connection to turbulence production. The results are obtained from investigation of a database generated from direct numerical simulation of turbulent channel flow at a Reynolds number of 180 based on half-channel width and friction velocity. New light is shed on problems associated with conditional sampling techniques, together with methods to improve these techniques, for use both in physical and numerical experiments. The results clearly indicate that earlier conceptual models of the processes associated with near-wall turbulence production, based on flow visualization and probe measurements need to be modified. For instance, the development of asymmetry in the spanwise direction seems to be an important element in the evolution of near-wall structures in general, and for shear layers in particular. The inhibition of spanwise motion of the near-wall streaky pattern may be the primary reason for the ability of small longitudinal riblets to reduce turbulent skin friction below the value for a flat surface.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (ISSN 0022-1120); 224; 579-599
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  • 4
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Turbulence characteristics inside a turbulent spot in plane Poiseuille flow are investigated by analyzing a database obtained from a direct numerical simulation. The spot is found to consist of two distinct regions - a turbulent area and a wave area. The flow inside the turbulent area has a strong resemblance to that found in the fully developed turbulent channel. Suitably defined mean and r.m.s. fluctuations as well as the internal shear-layer structures are found to be similar to the turbulent counterpart. In the wave area the inflexional mean spanwise profiles cause a rapid growth of oblique waves, which break down to turbulence. The breakdown process of the oblique waves is reminiscent of the secondary instability observed during transition to turbulence in channel and boundary-layer flows. Other detailed characteristics associated with the Poiseuille spot are presented and are compared with experimental results.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (ISSN 0022-1120); 228; 183-205
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Calculations are presented of the turbulent Prandtl number Pr(T) in the near-wall region of a turbulent channel flow. It is shown that only the first-order terms in the Taylor series expansions for the eddy diffusivity and the Pr(T) are independent of the molecular Prandtl number Pr, at least to a first approximation. Also presented are calculations of the near-wall behavior of the correlations between temperature fluctuations and velocity fluctuations, as well as for their dependence on Pr.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (ISSN 0017-9310); 34; 1905-190
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The use of a modified form of the Van Driest mixing length for a fully developed turbulent channel flow leads to mean velocity and Reynolds stress distributions that are in close agreement with data obtained either from experiments or direct numerical simulations. The calculations are then extended to a nonisothermal flow by assuming a constant turbulent Prandtl number, the value of which depends on the molecular Prandtl number. Calculated distributions of mean temperature and lateral heat flux are in reasonable agreement with the simulations. The extension of the calculations to higher Reynolds numbers provides some idea of the Reynolds number required for scaling on wall variables to apply in the inner region of the flow.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (ISSN 0017-9310); 34; 2013-201
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The similarity between turbulent kinetic energy and temperature spectra, previously confirmed using experimental data in various turbulent shear flows, is validated in the near-wall region using direct numerical simulation data in a fully developed turbulent channel flow. The dependence of this similarity on the molecular Prandtl number is also examined.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Physics of Fluids A (ISSN 0899-8213); 3; 989-991
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA Journal (ISSN 0001-1452); 29; 547-554
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The mean velocity profile across a fully developed turbulent duct flow is obtained from an eddy viscosity relation combined with an empirical outer region wake function. Results are in good agreement with experiments and with direct numerical simulations in the same flow at two Reynolds numbers. In particular, the near-wall trend of the Reynolds shear stress and its variation with Reynolds number are similar to those of the simulations. The eddy viscosity method is more accurate than previous mixing length or implicit function methods.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: ASME, Transactions, Journal of Fluids Engineering (ISSN 0098-2202); 113; 616-619
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A numerical model for the prediction of local properties of statistically stationary spray-combusting flows is evaluated by comparison with experimental data. To appraise the relative performance of turbulence models, computations were carried out by the k-epsilon model and the algebraic stress model. The present numerical results show the qualitative agreement with experimental data. In terms of overall local flow properties, the algebraic stress model improves a degree of conformity to the experimental data due to its ability to introduce the nonisotropic turbulence effects. Two swirl numbers are considered to investigate the influence of swirl on the droplet evaporation and trajectories, and the effects of droplet/turbulence interactions in flow properties. It is found that the large swirl produces a higher evaporationn rate, and more intensive turbulent mixing and burning. The discrepancies observed in the results are attributed mainly to uncertainties in the initial spray size and velocity distributions, the droplet/wall impingement interaction, the combustion model with the fast chemistry and the turbulence models dealing with the strong streamline curvature and complex interactions between the dispersed droplets and the continuous gas-phase flows.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 91-2196
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