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  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION  (51)
  • 1975-1979  (51)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1977  (51)
  • 1
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    Analysis of voltage data (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-15
    Description: The use of statistical analysis (regression analysis) to determine the data correlation between eight voltage parameters is discussed. The eight parameters correlated include: temperature, depth of discharge; charge rate; discharge rate; percent recharge; concentration of KOH; amount of KOH; and precharge. Graphs are presented which show: (1) starpoint/centerpoint cycles to failure vs. parameters; (2) cycles to failure vs. temperature; and (3) positive and negative plate thickness and weight vs. cycles. An empirical equation derived from cycles to failure vs. temperature graph for cells cycled at 1C charge, 2C discharge, and 14 percent recharge is also presented.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1977 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 155-172
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Charge and discharge profile (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-15
    Description: Some possible parameters which could be used to predict failures within packs of electrochemical cells based on measurements that are taken while the cells are cycling are discussed. Discharge and charge curves are presented and fitted to measure the efficiency of the cells in terms of voltage vs. time.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1977 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 181-195
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Effects of defect recombination centers on radiation damage in solar cells (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Defect production in silicon is modeled on a computer by solving a large system of rate equations. The model includes the main, known defects that are stable at operating temperatures of solar cells in outer space; most of these defects are secondary and tertiary defects. The preliminary result shows that the presence of defect recombination centers for primary defects (i.e., vacancy and interstitial) can effectively reduce the production rates of those stable defects and, consequentially, improve the lifetime of solar cells operating in radiation environment. The characteristics of the defect recombination center required for better solar cell performance along with prospective candidates are discussed.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage; p 165-178
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Low cost silicon solar array project large area silicon sheet task: Silicon web process development (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Growth configurations were developed which produced crystals having low residual stress levels. The properties of a 106 mm diameter round crucible were evaluated and it was found that this design had greatly enhanced temperature fluctuations arising from convection in the melt. Thermal modeling efforts were directed to developing finite element models of the 106 mm round crucible and an elongated susceptor/crucible configuration. Also, the thermal model for the heat loss modes from the dendritic web was examined for guidance in reducing the thermal stress in the web. An economic analysis was prepared to evaluate the silicon web process in relation to price goals.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-156984 , ERDA/JPL-954654-77/3 , QR-3
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Silicon web process development (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Thirty-five (35) furnace runs were carried out during this quarter, of which 25 produced a total of 120 web crystals. The two main thermal models for the dendritic growth process were completed and are being used to assist the design of the thermal geometry of the web growth apparatus. The first model, a finite element representation of the susceptor and crucible, was refined to give greater precision and resolution in the critical central region of the melt. The second thermal model, which describes the dissipation of the latent heat to generate thickness-velocity data, was completed. Dendritic web samples were fabricated into solar cells using a standard configuration and a standard process for a N(+) -P-P(+) configuration. The detailed engineering design was completed for a new dendritic web growth facility of greater width capability than previous facilities.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-157098 , ERDA/JPL-954654-77/2 , QR-2
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  • 6
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    Silicon materials task of the low cost solar array project, phase 2 (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The object of phase 2 of this program is to investigate and define the effects of various processes, contaminants and process-contaminant interactions in the performance of terrestrial solar cells. The major effort this quarter was in the areas of crystal growth and thermal processing, comparison of impurity effects in low and high resistivity silicon, modeling the behavior of p-type ingots containing Mo, and C and, quantitative analysis of bulk lifetime and junction degradation effects in contaminated solar cells. The performance of solar cells fabricated on silicon web crystals grown from melts containing about 10 to the 18th power/cu cm of Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Ti, and V, respectively were measured. Deep level spectroscopy of metal-contaminated ingots was employed to determine the level and density of recombination centers due to Ti, V, Ni, and Cr.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-157082 , DOE/JPL-954431-78/1 , QR-9
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Future trends in electrical energy generation economics in the United States (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Developments related to the economics of coal-fired systems in the U.S. are mainly considered. The historical background of the U.S. electric generation industry is examined and the U.S. electrical generation characteristics in the year 1975 are considered. It is pointed out that coal-fired power plants are presently the largest source of electrical energy generation in the U.S. Questions concerning the availability and quality of coal are investigated. Currently there are plans for converting some 50 large oil and gas-fired generating plants to coal, and it is expected that coal will be the fuel used in almost all fossil-fired base load additions to generating capacity. Aspects of advanced energy conversion from coal are discussed, taking into account the performance and economic potential of the energy conversion systems.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: World Electrotechnical Congress; Jun 21, 1977 - Jun 25, 1977; Moscow; USSR
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Atmospheric explorer (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-14
    Description: Atmospheric Explorer (AE) is a 1971 power system design, using the heritage of the ITOS system. The system design and its operation are discussed. Problems of charging and discharging the batteries and the effects of temperature on these operations are discussed. A block diagram of the power supply electronics and some graphs related to voltage and temperature for the AE battery design are presented.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: The 1977 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 15-23
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    A Review of Air Force space photovoltaic development efforts (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-05-22
    Description: Silicon and gallium arsenide solar cell developments are reviewed. The rationale for these efforts are cited showing the reasons for placing emphasis on survivability as well as high conversion efficiency.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage; p 25-31
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  • 10
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    The characteristics of sealed nickel-cadmium cells during voltage reversal (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-18
    Description: A mechanism which allows a cell voltage reversal in a nickel cadmium battery are discussed. The effects of reconditioning and the characteristics of Ni-Cd cells during voltage reversal at low overdischarge rates are outlined. Graphs are presented for: (1) hydrogen pressure decay-effect of state of charge (open circuit stand); (2) hydrogen pressure increase during overdischarge; (3) hydrogen pressure decay-effect of temperature (cells terminals connected through resistors); (4) cell, positive and negative electrode voltage during reversal when reconditioning a 13 cell-24-Ah battery pack through a 40 Omega resistor; (5) pressure discharge current and recombination current during voltage reversal when reconditioning a 13 cell-24-Ah battery pack through a 40 Omega resistor; (6) theoretical hydrogen gas pressure if there were no recombination; and (7) effect of hydrogen pressure on recombination rate during overcharge.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1977 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 271-283
    Format: text
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