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  • Articles  (73)
  • Organic Chemistry  (26)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (25)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (22)
  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
  • GEOPHYSICS
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (73)
  • 1977  (73)
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  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (73)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen transfer coefficients by dynamic model moment analysis (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 19 (1977), S. 853-865 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new method to estimate the oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa) from the experimental dynamic response data is presented. Employing a linear model which allows for gas phase, diffusion film, and oxygen electrode dynamics, the first moment of the response curve is simply related to the sum of the model parameters. Two separate experiments are used to characterize the measurement dynamics and to measure the unknown KLa parameter. The simple calculation procedure involves only measuring the area above the response curves.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260190606
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The characterization of SV40-transformed cell lines derived from mouse teratocarcinoma: Growth properties and differentiated characteristicsA portion of this work was presented at the Conference on “Regulation of Gene Expression in Development and Neoplasia” which was published in Cancer Research, 36, 4217-4223, 1976. (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 93 (1977), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mouse teratocarcinoma cells derived from embryoid bodies of 129SVsl mice were cultured in vitro to permit their differentiation. These cells were then infected with simiam virus 40 (SV40) and 31 cloned cell lines (SVTER) were derived from these cultures. All 31 SVTER cell lines contained the SV40 tumor (T) antigen and grew as permanent lines in culture. Mock-infected embryoid body cultures did not give rise to permanent cell lines. The morphology of each SVTER cell line was distinct and did not change during successive subclonings.The growth properties and tumorigenic potential of all 31 SVTER cell lines were investigated. None of these lines produced tumors in 129SVsl mice. Each cell line was tested for its ability to (1) grow in medium containing 1% serum, (2) plate on a cell monolayer, and (3) form clones in methocel suspension. Only three of the SVTER cell lines were transformed with respect to all three of these criteria. Most of these cell lines were minimal transformation.The SVTER cell lines were tested for creatine phosphokinase (CPK), an enzyme activity characteristic of mouse brain and muscle tissue, and the protease, plasminogen activator (PA) which is found in embryoid bodies and several differentiated cell types. Some of the SVTER cell lines contained high levels of CPK, while others had high levels of PA and a third group of cells contained neither enzyme activity. No SVTER cell line was found with high levels of both these enzyme activities. This result suggests that mutually exclusive sets of genes are expressed in these cells as might be expected from the distinct tissue distribution of the two enzyme activities studied. These SVTER cell lines may be useful in reconstructing developmental pathways of differentiating teratomas in vitro.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040930212
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steroide. LIII. 1H-NMR-Untersuchungen. Konfigurationszuordnung von 16-substituierten 17-Hydroxy-Steroiden (1977)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 319 (1977), S. 419-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Steroids. LIII. 1H N.M.R.-Investigations. Configurational Assignment of 16-Substituted 17-Hydroxy SteroidsThe 1H n.m.r. spectra of epimeric 16-substituted 17β-hydroxy-3-methoxy-estra-1,3,5(10)-trienes can be used for configurational assignment. The values of the coupling constants J16,17 allow the elucidation of the configuration, when all of the four epimeric compounds with the same 16-substituent are available. When only one compound is available, a reliable configurational assignment by J16,17 is only possible, when J ≤ 2 cps (16β,17α-configuration of the substituents) or when J 〉 8 cps (16β,17β-configuration). Further parameters for configurational assignment are the chemical shifts of the 13β-methyl protons and the 17-proton, the downfield shifts of the 17-proton signals, caused by acetylation or by “in situ” reaction with trichloroacetyl isocyanate, and the chemical shift as well as the sum of the coupling constants of the 16-protons. The contributions of the 16-substituents to the chemical shift of the 17-proton are compared with similar values, obtained from 1-substituted acenaphthenes. Equations for the calculation of these contributions are presented for the trans compounds.
    Notes: Die 1H-NMR-Spektren epimerer 16-substituierter 17-Hydroxy-3-methoxyöstra-1,3,5(10)-triene werden zur Konfigurationsbestimmung herangezogen. Aus der Kopplungskonstante J16,17 kann die Konfiguration eindeutig ermittelt werden, wenn die vier möglichen Epimeren mit gleichem 16-Substituenten vorliegen. Liegt nur eine Verbindung vor, ist eine sichere Zuordnung allein durch J16,17 nur möglich, wenn J ≤ 2 Hz ist (16β,17α-Konfiguration der Substituenten) oder wenn J 〉 8 Hz ist (16β,17β-Konfiguration). Weitere zur Konfigurationsbestimmung geeignete Parameter sind die chemische Verschiebung der 13β-Methylprotonen und die des 17-Protons, die Tieffeldverschiebung dieses Signals nach Acetylierung oder nach „in situ“-Reaktion mit Trichloracetylisocyanat sowie chemische Verschiebung und Gesamtaufspaltung des 16-Protonensignals. Die Beiträge der 16-Substituenten zur chemischen Verschiebung des 17-Protons werden mit den aus 1-substituierten Acenaphthenen erhaltenen Werten verglichen. Gleichungen zur Berechnung dieser Beiträge für die trans-Verbindungen werden angegeben.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19773190310
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Halogenierte Pyridine und 1,8-Naphthyridine. VI (1977)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 60 (1977), S. 907-921 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Halogenated pyridines and 1,8-naphthyridines. VI.The principle of the synthesis of 3-halomethyl-2,6-dichloro-pyridines has been extended to compounds with side chains of more than one carbon atom in the 3-position. Feasible synthetic routes are outlined starting from cheap, commercially available α-methylideneglutaronitrile and trichloroalkyl functional compounds which yield the intermediate 1,3,5-trisubstituted alkanes. These are cyclized by aqueous mineral acid or by hydrogen bromide in an organic solvent to 2-substituted glutarimids or hexahydronaphthyridinones, depending on the mode of cyclization. The final aromatization provides a simple route to pyridines or 1, 8-naphthyridines.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19770600321
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the Equivalent Bond Orbital Model to the C2s-Ionization Energies of Saturated Hydrocarbons (1977)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 60 (1977), S. 2234-2247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown that the ab initio STO-3G treatment applied to simple saturated linear, branched and cyclic hydrocarbons, assuming standard geometries, yields orbital energies ∊jSTO-3G for their canonical orbital ϕj which correlate perfectly with the observed C2s ionization energies Ijm, if Koopmans' approximation is accepted.Applying the Foster-Boys localization procedure to these canonical orbitals ϕj leads to localized orbitals λμ and their corresponding Hartree-Fock matrix Fλ = (Fλ,μv). An examination of the matrix elements Fλ,μv, i.e. of the self-energies Aμ = Fλ,μμ of the localized CC- and CH-orbitals λμ and of the cross terms Fλ, μv (μ ≠ v) between them, leads to the conclusion that a satisfactory approximation should be obtained by setting Aμ = A for all μ, Fλ,μv = B if λμ and λv are vicinal and neglecting all other cross terms. The resulting model is nothing but the well-known equivalent bond orbital model of Lennard-Jones & Hall, which however can now be calibrated using the known C2s-ionization energies of hydrocarbons. Due to the discrete structure and the wider range (∽ 8 eV) of the C2s band systems in the photoelectron spectra of these molecules this leads to a more satisfactory parametrization than using the narrower and badly resolved C2p band system.Comparison of calculated band positions using the calibrated model with observed C2s-band ionization energies for a series of hydrocarbons reveals that the simple equivalent bond orbital model is better than one might have expected.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19770600715
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Electronic States of the Pentatetraene Radical Cation (1977)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 60 (1977), S. 629-637 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: HeIα excited photoelectron spectra of pentatetraene and the inferred ionization energies are reported. The first band has a characteristic Franck-Condon envelope similar to the first photoelectron bands of allene and butatriene. The four bands found below 16 eV ionization energy have been assigned to the X̃2E, Ã2E, B̃2E and C̃2B2 states of the radical cation of pentatetraene by comparison with STO-3G and SPINDO calculations on the cumulene series. The correlation scheme includes the 2s shell ionization energies of ethylene, allene and butatriene. The π-orbital ionization trends of the cumulenes are discussed in the framework of localized orbitals calculated with the STO-3G basis set.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19770600235
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ankle flexor muscles in the cat: Length-active tension and muscle unit properties as related to locomotionSupported in part by the Institutional Studies and Research Committee of Northern Arizona University and by USPHS Grant Ns 07888 to D. G. Stuart. (1977)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 153 (1977), S. 23-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The mechanical properties of the whole muscle and fast-twitch muscle units of the cat hindlimb pretibial flexors have been explored and related to normal locomotion. Tibialis anterior (TA) is parallel-fibered and functionally crosses a single joint, the ankle, whereas extensor digitorum longus (EDL) is pinnate and spans the ankle, knee, metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints. The active tetanic tension of TA remains near its peak value over a range of muscle lengths associated with normal ankle movement. In contrast, the length-tension curve of EDL is sharply peaked. However, normal corollary action of the knee, ankle and metatarsophalangeal joints during stepping minimizes EDL's excursion and maintains it at or near a length optimal for peak tension development. EDL is capable of producing synchronous but sterotyped digit and ankle movements while TA provides for independent ankle flexion at all relevant joint angles.The mechanical properties of 84 TA and 98 EDL fast-twitch muscle units were studied by measuring twitch contraction time (≤45 msec), peak tetanic tension, response to repetitive stimulation, and contractile fatigue resistance during electrical stimulation of single alpha axons, functionally isolated from ventral root filaments. These mechanical properties were essentially similar for both muscles with the exception of mean peak tetanic tension which was 30% lower for TA units (14 gm-wt) than for EDL units (20 gm-wt). A high proportion of units in both muscles demonstrated fatigue resistance which is reflective of the repetitive, phasic demand upon these muscles during locomotion.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051530103
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the morphology of the developing primate cornea: Epithelium, its innervation and anterior stroma (1977)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 153 (1977), S. 263-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A survey is made of some ultrastructural features of the developing cornea of Macaca mulatta. The observations are confined to the anterior central area, starting with the lens vesicle stage and progressing through midgestation, when the morphologic characteristics of the cornea are fully established. Subepithelial filaments and some partially aggregated collagen fibrils are present in the earliest embryo and are of a size and appearance similar to those in the future vitreous cavity. Epithelial secretory activity points to, but does not prove direct contribution to the deposition of the acellular matrix components beneath it. No trace of a structured, orthogonal collagenous stroma can be visualized. The primitive endothelium forms prior to the fibroblast invasion of the distended filamentous matrix. Bowman's layer has undoubted epithelial contributions. Its aggregated collagen fibrils have approximately the same diameter as those of the anterior stroma. Intraepithelial appearance of single nerve fibers and fascicles takes place during the first trimester of gestation, as soon as the two continuous epithelial layers are formed. Terminal areas approach closely to the basal cell's nucleus, without touching it. The plasmalemma of the invaginating nerve fiber is surrounded by that of the epithelial cell in a mesaxon-like manner, with occasional gap junctions uniting adjoining neural and epithelial cell membranes. The fetal neurites contain microtubules, some clear vesicles and dense vacuoles resembling those of mature monamine and non-monamine neurons. Mitochondria are small and compact, their presence indicating a high rate of metabolic activity in the immature terminal area.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051530207
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the vasculature of the reproductive tract in some Australian marsupials (1977)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 154 (1977), S. 95-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The origin, distribution and structure of the blood vessels of the female reproductive tract and the testis of the brush possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) were studied using latex and silicone rubber casting and histological techniques. Latex casts of the vessels of the female tract were also studied in five macropod species - Macropus giganteus, M. eugenii, M. agilis, Megaleia rufa and Thylogale billardierii, and in the common wombat (Vombatus ursinus).The female reproductive tract in the brush possum was supplied and drained by four major sets of paired vessels - ovarian, cranial urogenital, caudal urogenital, and internal pudendal arteries and veins. These vessels formed substantial anastomoses with one another on each side of the midline, and also across-the-midline anastomoses. The proximal part of the ovarian artery ran in close apposition to the ovarian vein, which received one or more large uterine branches. In its distal protion the ovarian artery gave rise to a leash of small, tortuous ovarian branches, which wound around and between the plexiform ovarian veins.The testicular arteries and veins in this species also ran in close apposition to one another. Both arteries and veins branched into many smaller, mildly tortuous, parallel vessels in the spermatic cord, which reunited before entering the testis.The blood vessels of the reproductive tract in all of the macropod species studied, and in the common wombat, were basically similar to those of the brush possum.The intimate structural relationships between ovarian arteries and veins, and their ovarian branches, in these marsupials are suggestive of specializations for counter-current exchange between venous and arterial blood. However, in contrast to those of the testicular vessels where heat exchange is a demonstrated function, their physiological significance remains unknown.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051540107
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical regeneration of NAD+on carbon electrodes (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 19 (1977), S. 1215-1218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260190811
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