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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The general ultrastructure of the carotid body of the domestic fowl (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 162 (1975), S. 483-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Carotid body ; Domestic fowl ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopic studies of the carotid body of the domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus) have shown Type I and Type II cells combined with axons into compact groups. The many Type I cells in the depths of the organ had a body, containing the nucleus, and an elongated, flared process. Some of the Type I cells in the superficial regions tended to be spindle-shaped. Type I cells were characterised by membrane-bound, dense-cored vesicles about 120 nm in diameter. Type II cells invested the Type I cells and had axons embedded in them as in Schwann cells. The fine structure of the carotid body in the domestic fowl resembles that of the Lovebird (Uroloncha domestica) and of various amphibia and mammals. The possibility is discussed that the Type I cells may have a chemoreceptor or a general secretory function, or even both pathway for functions together. The main role of the Type II cells seems to be to provide a of these axons leading to or from Type I cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209348
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synaptic morphology of the carotid body of the domestic fowl (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 162 (1975), S. 459-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Carotid body ; Domestic fowl ; Reciprocal synapses ; Afferent axons ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Efferent and reciprocal synapses have been demonstrated in the carotid body of the domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus). Synapses were also found with purely afferent morphology, but were probably components of reciprocal synapses. The general morphology of the endings suggested the presence of two types of axon, afferent axons making reciprocal and perhaps afferent synapses with Type I cells, and efferent axons making efferent synapses with Type I cells. A few axo-dendritic synapses were also found. The dense-cored vesicles associated with the afferent components of reciprocal synapses and with the possible true afferent synapses varied in diameter and core but could belong to one population of presynaptic vesicles. These observations are consistent with a new theory for the carotid body receptor mechanism. This proposes a spontaneously discharging afferent axon inhibited by an inhibitory transmitter substance released by the Type I cell via the “afferent” component of its reciprocal synapse, the “efferent” component inhibiting this release. Besides this chemoreceptor modulation of its afferent axon, the Type I cell may also have a general secretory function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209346
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the compound eye of the diploid female beetle, Xyleborus ferrugineus (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 165 (1975), S. 23-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Sensory receptor ; Compound eye ; Insect ; Ultrastructure ; Scanning and transmission electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The compound eye of female (diploid) Xyleborus ferrugineus beetles was examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The eye is emarginate, and externally consists of roughly 70–100 facets. Each ommatidium is composed of a thickly biconvex lenslet with about 50 electron dense and rare layers. The lens facet overlies a crystalline cone of the acone type which is roughly hourglass-shaped. Pigment cells envelop the entire ommatidium, and pigment granules also are abundant throughout the cytoplasm of the 8 retinular cells. The rhabdomeres of 2 centrally situated photoreceptor cells effectively fuse into a rhabdom that extends from the base of the crystalline cone deeply into the ommatidium. Six distal peripheral retinular cells encircle the 2 central cells, and their rhabdomeres join laterally to form a rhabdomeric ring around the central rhabdom. The rhabdom and rhabdomeric ring are effectively separated by the cytoplasm of the two central retinular cells which contains the usual organelles and an abundance of shielding pigment granules. Eight axons per ommatidium gather in a tracheae-less fascicle before exiting the eye through the fenestrate basement membrane. No tracheation was observed among the retinular cells. Each Semper cell of each observed crystalline cone contained an abundance of virus-like particles near the cell nucleus. The insect is laboratory reared, and the visual system seems very amenable to photoreceptor investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222797
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the presumed ion-transporting cells in the gills of ammocoete lampreys, Lampetra fluviatilis (L.) and Lampetra planeri (Bloch) (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 163 (1975), S. 327-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chloride cell ; Gill filaments ; Ultrastructure ; Ion transport ; Ammocoete ; Lampetra fluviatilis (L), Lampetra planeri (Bloch)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mitochondria-rich cells were located in the interplatelet area of gill filaments from ammocoete Lampetra fluviatilis and L. planeri. The ultrastructure of this cell type differs from typical teleost ‘chloride cells’ by the absence of a tubular, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). This difference is discussed in relation to the presumed functions of the cell and to the evolutionary histories of lampreys and teleosts. It is concluded that the mitochondria-rich cell is responsible for the active uptake of ions by the ammocoete gill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219467
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure and phosphatase cytochemistry of the Golgi complex and associated structures in the Sertoli cells of Syrian hamsters (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 157 (1975), S. 227-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Golgi complex ; GERL ; Sertoli cell ; Ultrastructure ; Phosphatase cytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Golgi complex in the Sertoli cell of the Syrian hamster is well developed and consists of stacks of cisternae and associated vesicles. The inner-and outermost cisternae of the Golgi stacks are usually moderately dilated and exhibit numerous fenestrations. The middle portions of the intermediate cisternae are greatly flattened and not fenestrated, but toward the periphery these cisternae gradually become dilated and show a few fenestrations. On the inner aspect of the Golgi stacks the following structures are seen frequently: (1) one or two series of linearly arrayed circular profiles some of which are interconnected by tubules; (2) networks of anastomosing tubules with circular or oval meshes (800 to 1200 Å in diameter); and/or (3) irregularly disposed tubules. The circular profiles and tubules are approximately 450 Å in diameter. Acid phosphatase activity was localized in these anastomosing tubules when the tissues were incubated for more than one hour in a modified Gomori's medium (Barka and Anderson, 1963). Strong thiamine pyrophosphatase activity was demonstrated in the inner one to three cisternae of the Golgi stacks but not in the associated tubules. The system of the Golgi associated tubules is morphologically and histochemioally distinct from the Golgi stacks and is probably equivalent to the Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum-lysosome system (GERL) in other cell types. The three dimensional aspects of the GERL-equivalent system are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222068
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and histochemistry of the normal intestine of the fowl (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 160 (1975), S. 125-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Avian intestine ; Duodenum ; Ultrastructure ; Crypt cells ; Paneth cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the development and maturation of intestinal chief cells from the duodenal crypts of the fowl has been described in detail. Three areas within the crypt can be recognised: (1) the crypt base where cell division is frequent but cell development is minimal; (2) the mid-crypt region where rapid growth and development of the cells takes place; and (3) the zone of differentiation where final development and functional maturation occurs. The structure of the fowl's intestinal crypt is very similar to that described for the mammal. The results are discussed in relation to previous histochemical studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219846
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chicken gonadotrophins: Their effects on the testes of immature and hypophysectomized Japanese quail (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 156 (1975), S. 499-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Gonadotrophins ; Testis ; Hypophysectomy ; Ultrastructure ; Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five-week old Japanese quail held under short daylengths (8L/16D) were injected daily for two weeks with 20 μg/day of purified chicken luteinizing hormone (LH) or with one of two chicken follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) fractions. Both intact and hypophysectomized birds were used. After killing, the testes were weighed and fixed for light- and electron-microscopy. Following hypophysectomy testicular weights fell significantly below those of saline-injected controls, indicating that short day conditions are not equivalent to “physiological hypophysectomy”, the pituitary-gonadal axis continuing to function at a low level. Chicken LH stimulated differentiation of the interstitium, producing mature Leydig cells containing the full complement of organelles typical of steroid-secretion. In addition it induced some testicular growth caused by spermatogonial division and partial differentiation of the Sertoli cells. This effect was assumed to be a secondary response to androgen secretion but a direct action of chicken LH on the tubules is not dismissed. LH given to intact quail caused greater testicular growth, presumably due to synergism with endogenous hormones. Both chicken FSH fractions induced testicular growth and development; in intact birds the effects were similar to those observed in intact LH-treated birds. In hypophysectomized quail given FSH the testicular weights were greater than in hypophysectomized LH-treated birds and the seminiferous tubules were larger. Sertoli cells were stimulated and pachytene spermatocytes were numerous. Leydig cell differentiation was minimal in all FSH-treated birds, being less pronounced in hypophysectomized than in intact birds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225109
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