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  • Springer  (58)
  • 2015-2019  (43)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1975-1979  (13)
  • 1970-1974  (2)
  • 1955-1959
  • 2018  (43)
  • 1976  (13)
  • 1972  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of pressure on the ionization of water at various temperatures from molal-volume data1 (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 1 (1972), S. 309-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Effect of pressure ; ionization of water ; molal volume
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The apparent molal volumes of dilute (0.002 to 1.0m) aqueous HCl and NaOH solutions have been determined at 0, 25, and 50°C and NaCl solutions at 50°C. The partial molal volumes ( $$\bar V$$ ) of HCl, NaOH, and NaCl solutions have been determined from these apparent molal volumes and other reliable data from the literature. The partial-molal-volume changes ( $$\Delta \bar V_1 $$ ) for the ionization of water, H2O→H++OH−, have been determined from 0 to 50°C and 0 to 1m ionic strength from the partial molal volumes of HCl, NaOH, NaCl, and H2O. The partial molal compressibilities ( $$\bar K$$ for HCl, NaOH, NaCl, and H2O have been estimated from data in the literature and used to determine the partial molal compressibility changes ( $$\Delta \bar K_1 $$ ) for the ionization of water from 0 to 50°C and 0 to 1m ionic strength. The effect of pressure on the ionization constant of water has been estimated from partial-molal-volume and compressibility changes using the relation $$RTln(K^P /K) = - \Delta \bar V(P - 1) + \tfrac{1}{2}\Delta \bar K(P - 1)^2 $$ from 0 to 50°C and 0 to 2000 bars. The results agree very well with the directly measured values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00715990
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß von Coffein auf den Seruminsulinspiegel während des i. v. Glucosetoleranztestes bei einigen Patienten mit chemischem Diabetes (1976)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 15 (1976), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Nine mild male diabetic patients were studied by intravenous glucose tolerance tests with and without pretreatment with caffeine. The dose of caffeine was 90 mg given as 195 mg of caffeine citrate. The parameters measured were blood glucose and serum insulin. Caffeine given 2 hours previously did not affect the mean glucose disappearance rate of the group, however, those with the highest rates did show a reduced rate after caffeine. Insulin levels showed a decrease Particularly during the first five minutes after glucose. This finding was present Particularly in those patients who exhibited the larger first peak. It is possible that a relationship exists between the magnitude of the caffeine effect upon early insulin secretion and the glucose disappearance rate.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 9 Patienten mit chemischem Diabetes wurde der Einfluß von 90 mg Coffein p.o. auf Blutzucker und Seruminsulin während eines intravenösen Glucosetoleranztestes untersucht. Im Durchschnitt wiesen die mit Coffein-Tabletten behandelten Patienten während des intravenösen Glucosetoleranztests einen geringfügig höheren Blutzuckerspiegel auf als bei Gabe von Placebo. Die Eliminationskonstante K für Glucose wurde bei den Patienten, deren K über 1,0 lag, geringfügig erniedrigt, bei solchen mit niedrigerem Ausgangs-K nicht verändert oder geringfügig erhöht. Bei den Patienten, bei denen während des intravenösen Glucosetoleranztests noch eine deutliche Zweigipfligkeit der Seruminsulinkurve zu erkennen war, fehlte der 1. Gipfel, wenn sie mit Coffein vorbehandelt waren. Bei den Patienten, die auf den intravenösen Glucosetoleranztest praktisch nicht mehr mit einer Insulinsekretion reagierten, wurde letztere durch Coffein nicht beeinflußt. Unsere Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, daß 90 mg Coffein p.o. während des intravenösen Glucosetoleranztests die 1. Phase der Insulinsekretion hemmt und daß damit die Sofortreaktion des Organismus gegenüber der Glucosezufuhr vermindert wird. Dagegen wird bei bereits stark eingeschränkter Insulinsekretion diese durch Coffein weder verbessert noch verschlechtert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018435
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hereditary hemolytic anemia with erythrocyte phosphofructokinase deficiency (1976)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 31 (1976), S. 83-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia associated with partial erythrocyte PFK deficiency without muscular symptoms is reported: erythrocyte enzyme activity in the propositus was 60% of normal. Kinetic studies of erythrocyte PFK revealed increased sensitivity to ATP inhibition and decreased sensitivity to citrate inhibition. Muscle PFK from the patient had a normal enzymatic activity, but was highly unstable to heat, dilution without stabilizer and urea; furthermore its starch gel electrophoretic mobility was markedly faster than the one of a normal control. The results suggested that a muscle type's subunit was deficient in the erythrocyte PFK. The authors hypothesize that there was no PFK deficiency in the patient's muscle because of the active synthesis of proteins by this tissue. In contrast, the deficiency of PFK would be easily detected in erythrocytes, because of the absence of protein synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270403
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GD (-) Aachen, a new variant of deficient glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (1976)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 32 (1976), S. 171-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A deficient G-6PD variant was discovered in 4 males of one family from north-western Germany. Five generations of this family could be studied. The deficient G-6PD was a new variant, called “Gd (-) Aachen”. Its main characteristics are the following: severe enzyme deficiency in erythrocytes (3% of normal), contrasting with an almost normal activity in leukocytes; normal molecular specific activity (i.e., normal ratio enzyme activity/cross-reacting material); slow mobility in starch gel electrophoresis (92–94% of normal); increased Michaelis constant for glucose-6-phosphate (60–70 μM) and NADP+ (20–25 μM); decreased inhibition constant by NADPH with respect to NADP+ (7 μM); increased inhibition by ATP; normal utilization of the substrate analogues; slightly biphasic pH curve; thermal instability, and normal activation energy of the enzymatic reaction. The relationships between the hematologic disorders (severe and frequent hemolytic crises) and the unfavorable kinetic modifications are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291500
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyruvate kinase isozymes in man (1976)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 33 (1976), S. 35-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary By focusing in sucrose, gradient L-type pyruvate kinase from human liver could be separated into 2 major forms (pI 6.28±0.03 and 5.85±0.09) and a minor more acid form (pI≙5). These different forms could also be detected by focusing in acrylamide-ampholine slab gel. The major forms were interconvertible, the equilibrium being shifted toward the acid form by fructose 1,6-diphosphate and SH reagents, and toward the alkaline form by proteinic factors extracted by ammonium sulphate fractionation from liver extracts and from hemolysates. These factors seemed to be responsible for the stabilization of the liver crude extract enzyme in its alkaline conformation. By acrylamide slab gel electrofocusing, erythrocyte pyruvate kinase from whole hemolysates exhibited a complex pattern composed of at least 3 interconvertible forms. The in vitro aging of the red blood cells and the storage of the hemolysates resulted in a progressive disappearance of the acid forms and in a strengthening of the alkaline form. Partially purified erythrocyte enzyme focused in 2 major bands, interconvertible under the influence of the same factors as those described for L-type pyruvate kinase. Although closely related, the focusing patterns of L-type and erythrocyte-type were never exactly identical. Double immunodiffusion against antihuman L-type serum showed a complete identity reaction between erythrocyte-and L-type pyruvate kinases. Moreover, antihuman M2-type serum was unable to neutralize erythrocyte pyruvate kinase as well as to change its electrophoretic mobility. Consequently, we conclude that both human erythrocyte-and liver L-type pyruvate kinases existed under several conformers interconvertible under the influence of the same ligands or proteinic factors; erythrocyte-type enzyme seems to include L-type subunit and not M1- or M2-type subunits. The erythrocyte- and L-type enzymes, however, are not identical and the nature of the differences between them is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00447284
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyruvate kinase isozymes in man (1976)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 31 (1976), S. 35-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Anti human M2 type and anti human L type pyruvate kinase sera allowed us to distinguish two groups of pyruvate kinase in man. Erythrocyte and liver (L type) enzymes on the one hand were inhibited by anti L and not at all by anti M2 serum; pyruvate kinase from all the other tissues on the other hand were inhibited by anti M2 and not at all by anti L serum. This latter group represent the M type pyruvate kinase isozymes. The M type isozymes have been studied by electrofocusing in thin layer acrylamideampholine gel. In adult tissues 4 types of isozymes were found, designated, from acid to alkaline pH, as M2 (predominant form in spleen, leukocytes, lung...), M3, M4 and M1 (predominant form in muscle and brain). In foetal tissues an extra band M2, called M2f, more anodic than M2, was added to the previously described isozymes. Except in brain (in which the isozymes M2, M3, M4 and M1 were found), the most anodic bands (M2f, M2 and M3) were predominant in all the foetal tissues. The isozymes M2f and M2 seem therefore to be the original M type pyruvate kinase forms from which the other isozymes issue. The rate of each isozyme seems to depend on tissue factors characterizing the state of differentiation of some tissues, as indicated by the ability of adult muscle extracts to change the isozymes M2 and M3 into more cathodic forms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270397
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence du couplage vibronique sur le paramagnétisme d'un complexe cubique dans l'état électronique2T2 (1972)
    Springer
    Theoretical chemistry accounts 27 (1972), S. 187-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On étudie l'influence du couplage vibronique sur la variation du paramagnétisme en fonction de la température des complexes cubiques dont l'état électronique est2 T 2. Pour cela il est nécessaire d'introduire les quatre paramètres suivants: le coefficient de couplage spin-orbiteλ, le paramètre de couplage vibronique x, la fréquence ħωɛ des modes de vibrationE et le paramètre de covalencek. Sur la base des fonctions vibroniques dans l'approximation de Born-Oppenheimer on diagonalise dans un premier temps les perturbations dues au couplage spin-orbite et au couplage vibronique et dans un second temps sur la nouvelle base des fonctions vibroniques on diagonalise la perturbation Zeeman. On montre que l'influence du couplage vibronique sur la variation du paramagnétisme en fonction de la température est d'autant plus forte que le paramètre $$\varrho = \frac{3}{{2\hbar \omega _\varepsilon }}$$ est en valeur absolue plus faible et que cette influence est proche de celle de la covalence mais non identique.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Temperaturabhängigkeit des Paramagnetismus von kubischen Komplexen im2 T 2 Zustand berichtet. Dazu ist es notwendig vier Parameter einzuführen: einen Spin-Bahn-Kopplungs-koeffizientenλ, einen Parameter für die Kopplung zwischen Elektron- und Schwingungszustandκ, eine Frequenz ħωɛ der zweifach degenerierten Schwingungen und einen Kovalenzparameterk. Die Störungen aufgrund der Kopplungen zwischen Spin- und Bahn- und zwischen Elektronen- und Schwingungszuständen werden beide mit Hilfe der Elektronen-Schwingungsfunktionen diagonalisiert, wobei die Born-Oppenheimer Näherung als Basis benutzt wird. Danach wird die Zeeman Störung mit Hilfe der neuen Elektronen-Schwingungsfunktionen als Basis diagonalisiert. Es wird gezeigt, daß der Einfluß der Kopplung der Elektronen- und Schwingungszustände auf die Temperaturabhängigkeit des Paramagnetismus sich umgekehrt wie der absolute Betrag des Faktors $$\varrho = \frac{3}{{2\hbar \omega _\varepsilon }}$$ verhält. Dieser Einfluß ähnelt dem der Kovalenz.
    Notes: Abstract A study of temperature dependence of the paramagnetism of cubic complexes in a2 T 2 electronic state is reported. It is necessary to introduce four parameters: the spin-orbit coupling coefficientλ, the vibronic coupling parameterκ, the frequency ħωɛ of the twofold degenerate modes of vibration and the covalence parameterk. The perturbations due to the spin-orbit coupling and the vibronic coupling are both diagonalized using the vibronic functions in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation as basis set; the Zeeman perturbation is then diagonalized using the new vibronic functions as basis set. It is shown that the smaller the absolute value of the parameter $$\varrho = \frac{3}{{2\hbar \omega _\varepsilon }}$$ , the greater the influence of the vibronic coupling on the temperature dependence of the paramagnetism. This influence is similar to that of the covalence but is not identical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01046364
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Realization problems for the group of homotopy classes of self-equivalences (1976)
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 220 (1976), S. 37-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01354527
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raft cultures (1976)
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 2 (1976), S. 409-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00918296
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal multiprogramming (1976)
    Springer
    Acta informatica 7 (1976), S. 197-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0525
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Summary Three heuristics for controlling the multiprogramming load to maximize system work capacity are studied. Each allows the highest load possible subject to a given constraint. The knee criterion constrains the memory policy so that program resident sets average near the knees of their inter page fault lifetime curves. The L=S criterion constrains the memory policy or load so that the system inter page fault lifetime L is at least as large as page swap time S. The 50 % criterion constrains the load so that the paging device is busy approximately half the time. Numerical evaluations of queueing networks show that the knee criterion, which is the most difficult to implement, is the most robust, while the easily implemented 50 % criterion is the least robust. These evaluations also circumscribe the conditions under which the criteria are expected to work reliably. Examples from practical systems further validate the criteria. Stability problems are examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265771
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