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  • Cambridge University Press  (233)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1970-1974  (233)
  • 1974  (124)
  • 1972  (109)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1972-01-01
    Description: The radiocarbon laboratory in the Oceanography Department at Texas A&M University was established primarily for the examination of seawater samples, although other types of samples have been run. Emphasis has been placed on seawater samples of the Gulf of Mexico and adjacent areas. Most of the samples examined have been inorganic carbon, but some organic-carbon samples are being run, mainly wood and charcoal whose ages have been determined previously. More samples of known age will be run as a further check on the reliability of experimental methods and procedures.
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-5755
    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1972-01-01
    Description: The following list and data presented previously (R., 1970, v. 12, p. 494–495) were obtained to investigate the transport of carbon between man and his environment (Harkness, 1970). These data constitute a study of contemporary variations of C14 concentrations viz., Suess effect and bomb effect, as reflected in the tissues and food chain of the population of the United Kingdom (Harkness and Walton, 1969).
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-5755
    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1972-01-01
    Description: Operation of counting systems and preparation of results remain as described previously by Baxter et al. (1969), and Ergin et al. (1970).
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-5755
    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Description: A new method of electromagnetic sounding in resistive electrical environments has been developed for use in lunar exploration. It is applicable to the study of terrestrial glaciers and ice sheets. A horizontal electric dipole antenna on the ground is used to transmit power at frequencies of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 MHz. A set of orthogonal receiving coils is mounted on a vehicle which traverses away from the transmitter. Field strength is recorded as a function of distance. Waves which travel above the surface interfere with waves from the subsurface, generating interference patterns which can be used to determine the dielectric constant, the loss tangent, and depth to reflecting horizons.The technique was tested on the Athabasca Glacier in western Canada. At 1, 2 and 4 MHz the ice was found to have a dielectric constant of about 3.3, a loss tangent (tan δ) which is roughly inversely proportional to frequency giving values off tanδ in the range 0.25 to 0.35 (wherefis in MHz). These values correspond well with the known properties of ice near 0° C, which is a temperature typical of temperate glaciers. It has been possible to determine the depth of the ice but results are not always consistent with previous seismic and gravity surveys and with drilling. At frequencies of 16 and 32 MHz, scattering is the dominant feature of the results. At 8 MHz there is a transition from clear-cut interference patterns to the scattering patterns. From these findings, we suggest that the Athabasca Glacier has a large number of dielectric scatterers with dimensions less than about 35 m, probably due in large part to crevasses.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1430
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5652
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1972-08-08
    Description: Bounds on the heat transport in a porous layer are derived using the variational method of Howard (1963) and Busse (1969b). The relatively simple structure of the variational problem in the case of porous convection allows one to formulate the theory more simply and to investigate some of the mathematical questions posed by the earlier work. A precise characterization of the solution with N wavenumbers is given. The variational problem is solved exactly among functions with a single overall wavenumber and this solution is in good agreement with a nonlinear perturbation solution of the governing equations and with experiments. An N-wavenumber solution is constructed for large Nusselt numbers by boundary-layer methods. The asymptotic solution is compared with a numerical solution of the problem for N = 2. The comparison supports the boundary-layer assumptions introduced in the asymptotic analysis. © 1972, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1972-06-27
    Description: New eigenvalue bounds are derived for the linear stability of inviscid parallel flows, both for homogeneous and for stratified fluids. The usefulness of these bounds, as compared with that of previous results, is assessed for several examples. For homogeneous fluids the new upper bounds for the imaginary part Cf of the complex phase velocity are sometimes better than previous criteria. For both homogeneous and stratified flows, the new upper bounds for the wave-number a of neutrally stable disturbances improve on previous results, giving values within 10 % of the known exact solution in several cases. © 1972, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1972-10-24
    Description: A theoretical and experimental study is made of the second-order resonant interaction between triads of linearly damped waves, one common member of which is continuously forced. In the case of a single triad, if the forced wave exceeds a critical amplitude defined by properties of the triad members, energy proceeds irreversibly to the other two waves. A stable limit state is reached where all power in excess of that required to sustain a critical amplitude in the forced wave is transferred to the other waves, which also reach steady terminal amplitudes. It is shown that when two or more triads are simultaneously at resonance the only stable limit state is one wherein the forced wave has fallen to the lowest critical amplitude, and the only other two waves remaining are those of the triad possessing this critical amplitude. Regardless of their initial amplitudes, all other waves not externally forced ultimately disappear. The theory is applied to the interaction of standing internal gravity waves in a linearly stratified liquid. The experiments described here quantitatively confirm the major predictions. © 1972, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1972-08-22
    Description: The steady, two-dimensional motion which can occur when a body moves horizontally at large Richardson number is examined. Theoretical evidence is presented for two propositions: (i) The nature of the motion depends on whether the vertical thickness of the body is large compared with an intrinsic length scale of the motion. (ii) If the body is sufficiently thick, then diffusion or heat conduction are important, even if the Schmidt or Prandtl number is large. The notion of ‘near-similar’ solutions (§4) is used to obtain a description of the motion past a thick body which is likely to approximate the real motion everywhere except fairly close to the body surface (§5). It predicts a very long wake, at the core of which is a blocking column, both fore and aft of the body (§5). The same prediction is implied for the two-dimensional Taylor column in a rotating system (§6). © 1972, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1974-12-11
    Description: A general characteristic of rapidly rotating fluids is that accurate experimental measurements can only be made of the main (azimuthal) flow. The secondary flow is then usually deduced from theory, although this is often incomplete in the boundary regions where the secondary flow is of most interest. In this paper we consider the case of source-sink flow between the porous walls of a rapidly rotating annular container and numerically integrate the full equations of motion in order to determine the complete structure of the secondary flow. The results are compared with the (approximate) analytic studies of Hide (1968) and Bennetts & Hocking (1973) to show the differences between the two approaches. A defect of many previous numerical papers has been the inability to check the solution in the nonlinear case. To overcome this, new experimental measurements of the azimuthal velocity profile for a Rossby number of 0·238 have been obtained and these are compared with the numerical results. © 1974, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1974-11-06
    Description: A modified version of Bateman's variational formulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and boundary conditions (see Dryden, Murnaghan & Bateman 1956) is introduced. This is employed to examine a particular nonlinear problem of hydrodynamic stability which was treated previously, using a ‘direct’ approach, by Craik (1971). This problem concerns the resonant interaction at second order of a triad of wave modes in a parallel shear flow. The present method is conceptually attractive; it also has the major advantage over the ‘direct’ method of a substantial reduction in algebraic complexity, which allows results to be derived far more readily. Also, some further improvements are made upon Craik's previous analysis. Such a variational approach may often be simpler than present conventional methods of tackling nonlinear viscous-flow problems. The present paper shows how other problems of nonlinear stability and wave interactions may be tackled in this way. © 1974, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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