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  • Chemical Engineering  (8)
  • Animals  (4)
  • Curculionidae  (3)
  • ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS  (3)
  • Aerospace Medicine
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (17)
  • 1970-1974  (4)
  • 1994  (17)
  • 1971  (4)
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  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (17)
  • 1970-1974  (4)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 1433-1439 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is generally believed that oil samples heat faster in a microwave oven than do water samples of the same mass. For sufficiently large and thich samples this conventional wisdom is indeed correct, but this trend can be far from true in smaller samples. In a commercially-made home microwave oven, we observed that with decreasing sample size the heating rate of a water sample increases much faster than that of an oil sample. At 50 g the heating rate of a water sample is several times greater than that of an oil sample. Additionally, in studies of cylindrical samples in a customized oven having a unidirectional microwave source, the heating rate of water samples smaller than 2.4 cm in radius is greater than that of oil samples and is a strongly oscillatory increasing function of decreasing sample radius. Combining Maxwell's theory of microwave penetration and the heat conduction equation, we show that this previously unreported oscillatory heating behavior results from the added power absorbed by samples due to resonant absorption of microwaves. The added power arises from standing waves produced by internally reflected microwaves. This effect is small for oil because only 3% of the microwave power is reflected at an oil-air interface. On the other hand, 64% is reflected at a water-air interface, which causes strong resonant heating. Our findings might prove to be useful for future consumer food product development or oven design.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 1268-1272 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Rhynchophorus cruentatus ; palmetto weevil ; S. palmetto ; aggregation pheromone ; 5-methyl-4-octanol ; cruentol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract 5-Methyl-4-octanol is the major aggregation pheromone of the palmetto weevil,Rhynchophorus cruentatus (F.). The pheromone (cruentol) was identified by coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic (GC-EAD) analysis of male-produced volatiles, coupled GC-mass spectrometry (MS) in electron impact and chemical ionization mode, and coupled GC-high resolution MS. In laboratory and field assays, a diastereomeric mixture of synthetic cruentol greatly enhanced attraction of weevils to cabbage palmetto,Sabal palmetto (Walter), stem tissue, indicating that cruentol and host volatiles are synergistically attractive. An attractive lure in combination with efficient traps should facilitate development of semiochemical-based management forR. cruentatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Rhynchophorus phoenicis ; Rhynchophorus cruentatus ; aggregation pheromone ; pheromone chirality ; (3S,4S)-3-methyl-octan-4-ol ; (3R,4R)-3-methyl-octan-4-ol ; (3S,4R)-3-methyl-octan-4-ol ; (3R,4S)-3-methyl-octan-4-ol ; (4S,5S)-5-methyl-octan-4-ol ; (4R,5R)-5-methyl-octan-4-ol ; (4S,5R)-5-methyl-octan-4-ol ; (4R,5S)-5-methyl-octan-4-ol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract There are four stereoisomers of both 3-methyl-octan-4-ol, the aggregation pheromone of the African palm weevil,Rhynchophorus phoenicis (F.) and 5-methyl-octan-4-ol, the aggregation pheromone of the palmetto weevil,Rhynchophorus cruentatus (F.). Synthetic stereoisomers of 3-methyl-octan-4-ol and 5-methyl-octan-4-ol were baseline-separated on a Cyclodex-B fused silica column. Use of this column in gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and GC-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analyses revealed that only one stereoisomer, (3S,4S)-3-methyl-octan-4-ol and (4S,5S)-5-methyl-octan-4-ol, is produced by maleR. phoenicis and maleR. cruentatus, respectively, and elicits good antennal responses by conspecific male and female weevils. In field trapping experiments, withR. phoenicis in Côte d'Ivoire andR. cruentatus in Florida, (3S,4S)-3-methyl-octan-4-ol and (4S,5S)-5-methyl-octan-4-ol strongly enhanced attraction of fresh palm tissue, whereas other stereoisomers were behaviorally benign. Stereoisomeric 3-methyl-octan-4-ol and 5-methyl-octan-4-ol may be utilized to monitor and/or manage populations of these two palm weevils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Attractant ; alcohol ; aldehyde ; geranic acid ; monitoring ; aggregation pheromone ; Anthonomus eugenii ; pepper weevil ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This study describes the identification of an aggregation pheromone for the pepper weevil,Anthonomus eugenii and field trials of a synthetic pheromone blend. Volatile collections and gas chromatography revealed the presence of six male-specific compounds. These compounds were identified using chromatographic and spectral techniques as: (Z)-2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)ethanol, (E)-2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)ethanol, (Z)-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)acetaldehyde, (E)-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)acetaldehyde, (E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoic acid (geranic acid), and (E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol (geraniol). The emission rates of these compounds from feeding males were determined to be about: 7.2, 4.8, 0.45, 0.30, 2.0, and 0.30µg/male/day, respectively. Sticky traps baited with a synthetic blend of these compounds captured more pepper weevils (both sexes) than did unbaited control traps or pheromone-baited boll weevil traps. Commercial and laboratory formulations of the synthetic pheromone were both attractive. However, the commercial formulation did not release geranic acid properly, and geranic acid is necessary for full activity. The pheromones of the pepper weevil and the boll weevil are compared. Improvements for increasing trap efficiency and possible uses for the pepper weevil pheromone are discussed. A convenient method for purifying geranic acid is also described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 570-575 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 925-934 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new adsorption model is developed for small molecules in zeolites whose form is based on features revealed by molecular simulation. Adsorption is assumed to occur onto a 3-D polyhedral lattice, and both the energy and entropy of the lattice sites are accounted for using a statistical mechanics approach. Energetic interactions are described by an Ising model with both 2- and multibody nearest-neighbor in-teractions. Entropic interactions are included by an adsorption site volume term which accounts for the loss of traslational freedom associated with lattice crowding.The model is applied to a system of small molecules (xenon, methane) adsorbed in idealized zeolite NaA, where adsorption has been shown by computer simulation to occur on finite, cuboctahedral lattices (Van Tassel et al., 1992). The model quantitavely predicts the simulated isotherm over the entire pressure range. Comparison is made with a Langmuir model and a van der Waals gas model which, although valid at low pressures, fail at high pressures due to overestimation of translational entropy and inaccurate portrayal of sorbate-sorbate interaction energy.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 1006-1008 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No. Abstract.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 1387-1393 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The response of a continuous flow mixing system to a step change in an input variable is discussed from the standpoint of dimensional analysis. This idea is presented as an alternative to using zone models for predicting residence time distributions in systems where imperfect mixing occurs.Mixing experiments were performed in a cylindrical flat bottomed tank geometrically similar to tanks commonly used for industrial processes. The response of the system to a step change in feed concentration was observed. Initially the tank contained a salt solution. At the start of an experiment, a stream of salt-free diluent was introduced at the top of the tank and a stream of the salt solution was drained from the bottom, keeping the liquid volume in the tank constant. The salt concentration in the output stream was measured continuously after the start of the experiment.The experimental results are correlated in terms of dimensionless variables, and the variables affecting the mixing process most strongly are determined. The results show that variations in throughput rate or in impeller shape or rotational speed affect the mixing process much more than does impeller position. The data are also compared with models proposed by other authors, and the model constants are evaluated.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 1452-1458 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The motion of simultaneously rising and growing vapor bubblesin a uniformly superheated liquid is analyzed, and the predicted bubble velocities are shown to be in good agreement with available data. Using a quasisteady state approximation to describe the drag, and existing bubble growth theory to describe the growth rate, the equation of motion is solved for two ranges of bubble size encountered in nucleate boiling. For smaller bubbles (R〈0.04 cm.) an analytical solution is obtained, and for larger bubbles (R〉0.07 cm.) a numerical solution and analytical asymptotic solutions are obtained.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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