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  • Articles  (39)
  • Chemical Engineering  (39)
  • PHYSICS, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND NUCLEAR
  • 1995-1999
  • 1965-1969  (39)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1969  (39)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The laminar boundary layer on a moving continuous flat sheet immersed in a non-Newtonian fluid (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 327-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The laminar boundary layers on a moving continuous flat surface in non-Newtonian fluids characterized by the power law model are investigated using exact and approximate methods. Both pseudoplastic and dilatant fluids are considered. Numerical solutions of the boundary-layer equations are obtained for values of the parameter n in the power law model ranging from 0.1 to 2.0. An integral solution of the momentum equation, which can be used to obtain values of the dimensionless shearing stress that are in good agreement with the exact values, is developed. An integral solution to the energy equation is also presented.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150307
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The estimation of parameters for a commonly used stochastic model (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 100-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A region into which particles arrive in a random manner, remain a random amount of time, and then leave is considered. This model is used in penetration theories of heat and mass transfer. From observations of the number of particles present at any time, it is desired to estimate arrival and exit statistics, residence time statistics, and average rates of transfer across the region. Assuming arrival is a Poisson process, equations governing the above statistics are derived. Some problems in spectral analysis arising from the use of nondifferentiable stochastic processes are solved. Estimators for important parameters are discussed, and it is shown that generally they are biased. A derivation linking the rate of transfer across the region with the rates of transfer of particles is obtained and compared with other such results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150123
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pore diffusion in the catalytic oxidation of ethylene (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 18-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Effects of pore diffusion in the catalytic oxidation of ethylene on copper oxide-alumina have been studied by varying the catalyst size and maintaining constant the ratio of the tube to the pellet diameter. Hydrocarbon analysis was determined with a flame ionization detector; infrared analyzers were used to determine carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide concentrations. Other reaction products were analyzed with a gas chromatograph. Curvature of the Arrhenius plots and increase in reaction order with temperature indicated a transition region between kinetic control at lower temperatures and pore diffusion control at higher temperatures. A calculation procedure which was developed to predict the conversion considering pore diffusion effects provided satisfactorily agreement between calculated and experimental results.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150109
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion and solution of gases into thermally softened or molten polymers: Part II. Relation of diffusivities and solubilities with temperature pressure and structural characteristics (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 106-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Solubilities and diffusivities of various gases (helium, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, krypton, and monochlorodifluoromethane) in molten or thermally softened polymers (polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene, and polymethylmethacrylate) have been correlated with structural characteristics, temperature, and pressure. Temperature dependence of both Henry's Law constants and diffusivities were of the Arrhenius equation form. No appreciable effect of pressure was found for either Henry's Law constants or diffusivities up to 300 atm. Earlier correlations for Henry's Law constants in solid polymer systems were found to be inapplicable for molten and thermally softened polymers. New correlations were developed individually for the latter systems. The correlating factor used was the gas Lennard-Jones force constant. Existing correlations for diffusivities were also found not to apply to molten and thermally softened systems. New correlations were again developed on an individual polymer basis. These related diffusivity to gas Lennard-Jones collision diameter or molecular diameter. Generalized correlations were also developed that held for a number of polymers. These were for both Henry's Law constants and diffusivities.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150124
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization kinetics of pure and binary melts (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 442-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An absolute rate theory based on a plausible model of the activated state, was developed for the interfacial kinetics of crystal growth from the melt. Except for liquid metals the theory predicts the growth rates of pure materials within about an order of magnitude. A microinterferometric technique was employed to observe liquid compositions near the faces of crystals growing from binary melts. For the simple eutectic system composed of salol and thymol, the theory represents the composition and temperature dependence of the growth rate.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150326
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The aqueous phase oxidation of cyclohexane using gamma radiation (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 387-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A study was made of the radiolytic oxidation of cyclohexane in aqueous solution by using cobalt 60 gamma radiation. In the presence of dissolved oxygen gas the reaction proceeds irreversibly with the formation of a number of oxidation products. Those identified were cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, and hydrogen peroxide. Trace quantities of carbon dioxide were also detected in the liquid phase. Using a constant dose rate of 15 × 104 rad./hr. in all runs, radiation yields were G(C6H11OH) = 0.49, and G(C6H10O) = 1.08. When molecular oxygen was excluded from the system, neither cyclohexanol nor cyclohexanone was formed on irradiation. A simplified kinetic model based on competition by the various solutes in the system for a single primary radical species produced by radiolysis of the solvent molecules is developed. Results generated using the mathematical model are compared with the experimental data. Excellent agreement between the observed and computed trends is noted at radiation doses up to 50 × 104 rad.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150317
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport of heat and mass between liquids and spherical particles in an agitated tank (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 727-733 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Data are reported for heat transfer from water to melting ice spheres and for mass transfer in the case of dissolving spheres of pivalic acid suspended in water agitated in a stirred vessel. The transport coefficients are found to depend on agitator power input but not on agitator design, in agreement with the Kolmogoroff theory. These experimental results are used with others in the literature to develop a correlation involving Nusselt and Prandtl or Schmidt numbers together with a dimensionless group involving agitation power. The correlation is essentially independent of solid-liquid density ratio in the range 0.8 to 1.25, and in this range the gravity group also appears to be unimportant.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150518
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion-controlled rate mechanisms in gas-solid reaction systems (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 136-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150132
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Joule-Thomson effects in gas mixtures: The nitrogen-methane-ethane system (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 256-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pressure-temperature data were obtained along isenthalps for nitrogen, methane, and three ternary nitrogen-methane-ethane mixtures. These data were differentiated to obtain Joule-Thomson coefficients over the temperature range from ambient to 200°K. and at pressures from 165 atm. to about 5 atm. Data for nitrogen was obtained down to 140°K.The resulting Joule-Thomson coefficients were compared with predictions based on the Beattie-Bridgeman and Benedict-Webb-Rubin equations of state and on the virial equation of state truncated after the third virial coefficient. These comparisons show that the Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation could predict the data with a deviation averaging 1.7%. The Beattie-Bridgeman predictions were highly dependent upon the mixture rules used, with the best set of mixture rules giving an absolute average deviation of 4.8%. Predictions using the virial equation with virial constants obtained from the Lennard-Jones potential energy function using a geometric mean minimum potential energy deviated from the experimental data by 5%.In all of these comparisons, the virial coefficients of ethane appear to be in greatest uncertainty, and the predictions of mixture data high in ethane least satisfactory. Thus it appears that improved data on the pure components, particularly ethane, are vital to any satisfactory evaluation of mixture properties.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150224
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The change in pore size distribution from surface reactions in porous media (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 339-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: When a porous solid is penetrated by a reactive fluid which changes the pore geometry, the macroscopic properties of that porous material may be greatly changed. A model is proposed in which the matrix is visualized as being a number of short cylindrical pores dispersed randomly throughout the solid. The change in the distribution of these cylindrical pores is then represented by a integrodifferential equation which is solved for two special cases.The evolution of the pore size distribution is determined by the particular way in which the solid-liquid boundary takes place. The case considered here is that of a surface reaction which dissolves the solid thus continuously enlarging the pores. The rate of reaction is calculated theoretically using a laminar flow diffusion model and this growth rate expression is then taken as the basis for numerical calculations relating to the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on limestone.A comparison is made with experimental results and it is found that the model behaves in much the same way as the real system although the observed rate of pore growth was two to three times that predicted by the diffusion model. Several possible explanations for this discrepancy are being tested.An exact solution of the integrodifferential equation for highly retarded reaction rates has been found with the change in permeability being given in terms of the change in porosity. This result will permit a prediction of the stimulation that can be achieved in acidizing oil wells with retarded acids.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150309
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