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  • Articles  (34)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (27)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (7)
  • Biogeochemistry
  • 2020-2023
  • 1965-1969  (34)
  • 1968  (34)
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  • Articles  (34)
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  • 2020-2023
  • 1965-1969  (34)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The developmental features of the pancreas are reviewed as an example of cytodifferentiation and organogenesis. Attention is directed to the regulatory characteristics of the specific proteins synthesized and secreted by the endocrine and exocrine cells. The following topics are discussed: (1) number of specific protein species and, inferentially, the number of genes involved in differentiated function. (2) The stringent regulation of the concentration of these specific proteins and the probable restriction of their synthesis to exocrine and endocrine cells. (3) The multiphasic pattern of accumulation of these specific proteins during pancreatic development and the synchronized but noncoordinate regulation of individual protein species. Synthetic rates of specific exocrine proteins in vitro correlate closely with measurements of the accumulation of proteins during development. (4) A model postulating three regulatory transitions. The primary transition (related to organ “determination”) denotes the conversion of a “predifferentiated” cell to the “protodifferentiated” state in which low but significant levels of specific proteins are present. The secondary transition is viewed as an amplification of this specific protein synthesis and is associated with typical pancreatic histogenesis. In the third regulatory transition, the synthesis of specific proteins in the “differentiated state” is modulated by diet, or hormonal states, etc. The third regulatory transition may be similar to some types of “enzyme induction” as studied in multicellular systems. (5) The differentiative fidelity in an organotypic culture system; the role of mesenchymal tissue or a particle fraction derived therefrom in supporting the protodifferentiated state and the secondary regulatory transition. (6) The possible mechanisms of the secondary regulatory transition in exocrine cells. Effects of actinomycin D, bromodeoxyuridine, and other mitotic inhibitors suggest the requirement for a critical cell division prior to the loss of proliferative capacity. (7) The synthesis of pro-insulin and insulin during primary and secondary regulatory transitions; the possible interrelationships of endocrine and exocrine cells in pancreas development.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The rabbit lens can be maintained in culture under conditions which retain the block to proliferation characteristic of many of the cells in the normal tissue in vivo. Proliferation and cell migration subsequently can be triggered at will by the addition of serum to the medium. Serum is not required throughout the whole period of culture in order to elicit this response but only during an initial period which ends prior to the onset of both DNA synthesis and mitosis. The duration of this period of serum-dependency is specifically related to the location (and hence the state of organization) of the cells within the epithelial layer. Some of the characteristics of the serum factors which promote these reactions and the conditions of culture which affect their activity are reported.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 563-563 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 405-411 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Les atomes et ions dans les configurations électroniques 1s22s22pN (N = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) ont été examinés N orbitales radiales de type hydrogenoïde ont été utilisées pour les électrons 2p. Les énergies de la couche des électrons 2p obtenues sont comparées avec ceux de la méthode ordinaire et avec les résultats expérimentaux. Les rapports des intervalles entre les termes sont aussi considérés.
    Abstract: Die Atomen und Ionen in den Elektronenkonfigurationen 1s22s22pN (N = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) werden untersucht. N wasserstoffähnlichen Radialwellenfunktionen warden für die 2p-Elektronen gebraucht. Die berechneten Energien des 2p-Elektronenschales werden mit den der gewöhnlichen Rechenverfahren und auch mit experimentellen Werten verglichen. Die Termdifferenzquotienten werden auch betrachtet.
    Notes: The atoms and ions in the electronic configurations 1s22s22pN (N = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) are examined. N hydrogen-like radial orbitals for 2p electrons were used. The calculated energies of the 2p shell are compared with those of the ordinary method and with experimental results. The intermultiplet separation ratios are considered as well.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 109-128 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: L'état fondamental des systèmes atomiques à deux électrons est décrit par des fonctions variationelles “échellonnées” de type \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\alpha k} = e^{ - (Z - 1 + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} et \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\beta \alpha k} = e^{ - (\beta + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} Le “scale factor” k a été introduit pour satisfaire au théorème du viriel. Sauf l'énergie totale, on a calculé les valeurs moyennes de plusieurs opérateurs à un électron. Ces résultats ont été comparés aux ceux obtenus avec d'autres fonctions variationelles.La fonction φαk déjà représente une bonne approximation de la solution Hartree-Fock, tandis qu'avec la fonction φβαk les résultats Hartree-Fock sont pratiquement reproduits.
    Abstract: Variationsfunktionen mit einem Koordinatenstreckungsfaktor k, von der Form \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\alpha k} = e^{ - (Z - 1 + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} und \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\beta \alpha k} = e^{ - (\beta + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} werden auf den Grundzustand atomarer Zweielektronensysteme angewendet. Der Faktor k wird eingeführt um dem Virialsatz zu befriedigen.Ausser der Energie werden Mittelwerte von mehreren Einelektronoperatoren berechnet und mit entsprechenden Resultaten für andere Variationsfunktionen verglichen.Die Funktion φαk schon representiert eine gute Annäherung zu der Hartree-Fock-Lösung, während mit der Funktion φβαk die Hartree-Fock-Resultate praktisch reproduziert werden.
    Notes: Scaled variational functions of the form \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \phi _{\alpha k} = e^{ - (Z - 1 + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $\end{document}, where Z is the nuclear charge and α is a parameter, and \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \phi _{\beta \alpha k} = e^{ - (\beta + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $\end{document}, where both α and β are parameters, are used for the description of the ground state of atomic two-electron systems in the independent particle model. The scale factor k has been introduced in order to satisfy the virial theorem.Apart from the energy, a number of one-electron expectation values have been calculated and the results are compared with those obtained from other variational functions.The function φαk yields already a good approximation to the Hartree-Fock solution whereas with the function φβαk the Hartree-Fock results are practically reproduced.
    Additional Material: 13 Tab.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 521-530 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On a observé que certains substituants introduits sur un système acénique peuvent changer le lieu de la fixation de l'oxygène au cours de la photooxydation. Ce fait ne peut ětre interprété en calculant les énergies de paralocalisation. L'hypothèse d'un complexe intermédiaire correspondant à une extension du systeme délocalisé permet au contraire de rendre trés bien compte des résultats expérimentaux.
    Abstract: Es wurde bemerkt, dass gewisse Substituenten, die in Acenderivaten eingeführt sind, den Anheftungsplatz des Sauerstoffs während der Photooxydation verändern können. Dieses Phänomen kann nicht mit einer Berechnung der Paralokalisierungsenergien erklärt werden. Wenn aber ein intermediürer Komplex eingeführt wird, was einer Erweiterung der delokalisierten Bindung entspricht, ist es möglich eine befriedigende Erklärung der experimentellen Tatsachen zu geben.
    Notes: It has been observed that some substituents introduced in acenic derivatives are able to change the site of the fixation of oxygen during photooxidation. It is not possible to interpret this phenomenon by calculating the paralocalization energies. However, if an intermediate complex is introduced, which corresponds to an extension of the delocalized bond, a satisfactory explanation of the experimental results is possible.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 565-597 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Les orbitales atomiques de valence (VAO) de plusieurs nitriles linéaires ont été déterminées à partir des fonctions d'onde SCF-LCAO-MO non-empiriques, qui ont été développées dans des bases atomiques de Slater minimales (CN-, HCN, FCN, C2N2), double-zéta (CN-, HCN) ou double-zéta plus polarisation (HCN). L'énergie moléculaire de chaque système (exception faite du système HCN à base double zéta plus polarisation) a été partitionnée selon le procédé de Ruedenberg pour obtenir des valeurs numériques des composants atomiques (C et N) et de liaison (C≡N) de l'énergie. Ces résultats pour les nitriles sont comparés avec des résultats pour des molécules diatomiques homonucléaires, des hydrides diatomiques et H2O, obtenus antérieurement par d'autres avec des bases AO minimales. Les données numériques sont employées pour discuter la consistance interne des définitions de la méthode de Ruedenberg, c'est-à-dire si des quantités analogues admettent des valeurs semblables dans des situations chimiques analogues ou non.Cette analyse des fonctions d'onde SCF-MO des nitriles s'avère comme une méthode pleine d'avenir pour extraire de l'information utile d'une fonction d'onde donnée. Les résultats numériques pour les système étudiés sont en général relativement consistants avec les concepts de la méthode de partition: promotion, interaction quasi-classique, “pénétration partagée”, “interférence partagée” et transfert de charge. I1 sera nécessaire, cependant, d'étudier les développements VAO pour plusieurs composants d'énergie et peut-ětre de les réviser.
    Abstract: Die atomaren Valenzorbitalen (VAO) mehrerer linearen Nitrilen wurden bestimmt. Die nötigen Funktionen sind non-empirische SCF-LCAO-MO- Wellenfunktionen, die in einem Minimalsatz (CN-, HCN, FCN, C2N2), einem “Doppelt-Zeta”-Satz (CN-, HCN) order einem “Doplett-Zeta”-Satz mit Polarisaton (HCM) mit von Staterschen Atomorbitalen entwickelt sind. Die molekulare Energie jedes Systems wurde gemäss der Ruedenbergschen Methode geteilt, m numerische Werte der atomaren (C und N) under Bindungs-Komponenten (C≡N) der Energie zu finden, Die Resultate wurden mit Resultaten anderer Forscher fär gleichkernige diatomische Molekäle, diatomische Hydriden und H2O, die mit minimalen Funktionssatzen erhalten worden waren, verglichen. Das numerische Material wurde benutzt um die innere Konsistenze der verschiedenen Definitionen der “Teilungsmethode” zu prüfen.Diese Analyse der Nitril-Wellenfunktionen scheint eine vielversprechende Methode für das Herausziehen nützliche Information von gegebenen Wellenfunktionen zu bieten. Im Allegemeinen sind die numerische Resultate der studierten Nitrilsysteme mit den Begriffen der “Teilungsmethode” ziemlich vereinbar.
    Notes: The valence atomic orbitals (VAO's) of several linear nitriles are determined using non-empirical SCF-LCAO-MO wave functions expanded in a minimal (CN-, HCN, FCN, C2N2), double-zeta (CN-, HCN), or double-zeta + polarization (HCN) basis of Slater atomic orbitals (AO's). The molecular energy of each system (except the double-zeta + polarization HCN system) is partitioned according to the procedure of Ruedenberg to obtain numerical values of nitrile C and N atomic and C≡N bond components of the energy. In addition, the nitrile results are compared with minimal AO basis results obtained previously by other authors for homonuclear diatomics, diatomic hydrides and H2O. The numerical data are used to test the internal self-consistency of the various definitions entering the partitioning method, i.e. whether or not analogous quantities assume similar values in chemically similar situations.The analysis of nitrile SCF-MO wave functions in terms of the set of VAO's characteristic of the system under consideration is shown to be a promising approach to the problem of extracting useful information from the wave functions. In general, numerical results for the nitrile systems studied are fairly consistent with the concepts on which the partitioning method is based: promotion, quasi-classical interaction, sharing penetration, sharing interference and charge transfer. However, the VAO expansions for several energy components need to be investigated further and possibly revised.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 735-737 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 5-21 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On a étudié la structure électronique du cation de la proflavine par la méthode SCF-ASMO-CI avec les approximations de Pariser-Parr-Pople. On démontre que la bande à 445 mμ peut ětre attributée à la transition 1A1 → 1B1 polarisée le long de l'axe long de la molécule. Les bandes au voisinage de 260 mμ, qui sont composées de trois bandes d'absorption, sont attribuées à l'essai aux transitions 1A1 → 1B1, 1B1 → 1B1, et 1A1 → 1A1.Il est bien connu que la dimérisation des cations des acridines colorées varie avec la concentration. Les distances intermoléculaires dans ces dimères ont été estimées des déplacements des bandes provenant de la formation des dimères. On démontre que la contribution essentielle de l'interaction moléculaire est l'interaction électrostatique dipǒle-dipǒle.En employant ces résultats-ci on discute certains modèles pour la liaison entre l'ADN et les acridines colorées.
    Abstract: Die Elektronstruktur des Proflavinkations wurde mit der SCF-ASMO-CI Methode und den Pariser-Parr-Pople Approximationen untrsucht. Es wird gezeigt dass das Band an 445 mμ dem 1A1 → 1B1-Übergang, der längs der Molekülachse polarisiert ist, zugeschrieben werden kann. Die Bänder in der Nachbarschaft von 260 mμ, die aus drei Absorptionsbänder bestehen, werden versuchsweise den 1A1 → 1B1, 1A1 → 1B1, und 1A1 → 1A1-Übergänge zugeschrieben.Es ist wohlbekannt, dass die Dimerisation der Akridinfarben mit det Konzentration wechselt. Die Intermolekularabstände in diesen Dimeren wurden von den Bandenverschie-bungen abgeschätzt. Es wird gezeigt, dass der Hauptbeitrag zur molekularen Wechselwirkung die elektrostatische Dipol-Dipolwechselwirkung ist.Von der Standpunkt dieser Resultate aus, wurden gewisse Modellen für die Bindung zwischen die DNA-Moleküle und die Akridin-Farben diskutiert.
    Notes: The electronic structure of the proflavine cation is studied by the SCF-ASMO-CI method using the Pariser-Parr-Pople approximations. It is shown that the band at 445 mμ may be assigned to the 1A1 → 1B1, transition polarized along the long axis of the molecule. The bands in the neighbourhood of 260 mμ, which are composed of three absorption bands, are tentatively assigned to the 1A1 → 1B1, 1A1 → 1B1, and 1A1 → 1A1 transitions, respectively, in order of decreasing wavelength. The spectrum of the acridine orange cation may be understood to have the same assignment as that of the proflavine cation.The acridine dye cations are well known for their dimerization with concentration. The intermolecular distances in these dimers are estimated from the band shifts due to the formation of dimers, using the exciton theory. The main contribution to the molecular interaction is shown to be the electrostatic dipole-dipole interaction.Since the first excitation band of the dye molecule which exhibits a remarkable change due to the formation of the DNA-acridine dye complex, is suggested to be polarized along the long axis, preference of the outside stacking or the intercalation model is qualitatively discussed from the spectral shift of the acridine dye bound to the DNA, assuming simple models.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 295-311 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The development of intraneural vessels was studied in response to an induced hypermorphosis of neural tissue inthe midbrains of 38 chick embryos ranging in age from three days through 14 days of incubation. The pattern of vascularization was compared with that of normal chick embryos at comparable stages of development. In the experimental embryos, the increase in mitotic figures along the ventricular borders of the mesencephalon is accompanied by the establishment of an endoneural plexus approximately one day earlier than is the case during normal vascularization of the midbrain. This plexus also penetrates more deeply and extensively into the ependymal layer. Surface vessels and intraneural vascular elements are dilated, and the cerebrospinal fluid contains varying amounts of blood released from large intraneural vessels which protrude into the ventricle. The most prominent cerebrovascular effects seem to occur between the fourth and eighth days of incubation. Thereafter, the cerebrovascular pattern becomes more normal except for relatively few isolated hemorrhagic areas.
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