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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (12)
  • SPACE RADIATION  (3)
  • 1960-1964  (15)
  • 1962  (15)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 6 (1962), S. 94-97 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The proton magnetic resonance in the vitrain of Yūbari caking coal and its residue of pyridine extraction has been studied over the range 90 to 423°K. At lower temperature the absorption line consists of a broad component. At higher temperature this component begins to decrease rapidly in the line width and resolves into two components. This rapid narrowing of the absorption line width suggests a glass transition attributed to the molecular motion in coal. The variation of the second moment of the absorption line with temperature reflects the line width variation. From these results some information on the molecular motion and arrangement in coal have been obtained.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 6 (1962), S. S35 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 57 (1962), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The solvent power of a variety of diluents with polyvinyl chloride was evaluated in terms of the polymer - diluent interaction parameter χ and heat of mixing parameter B by means of a micromethod reported in the first part of this series. Among the diluents investigated are esters of phthalic, fumaric and maleic acids, alkyl-substituted benzenes, and condensed and conjugated aromatic ring systems. Relationships between solvency and diluent structure were sought in terms of the intermolecular forces involved in polymer - diluent associations. A condition found necessary for good solvency is that both the dispersion and dipolar forces acting between solvent molecules be similar in strength to the corresponding forces acting between polymer macromolecules. Steric hindrance of the carbonyl dipoles in the ester molecules, or of the aromatic nuclei in the hydrocarbon molecules, has a pronounced effect on the values of B. The extent of resonance interactions in the hydrocarbon molecules influence their solvent power. Where such interactions are reduced due to steric effects, solvency is also reduced.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 57 (1962), S. 13-23 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The interactions between polyethylene and a number of hydrocarbon diluents were characterized on the basis of the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter χ and the closely related heat of mixing parameter B. The evaluations of these parameters were based on Flory's statistical-thermodynamic treatment of the effect of diluents on the melting points of crystalline polymers. Necessary for each evaluation was a single microscopic determination of the depressed melting point of polyethylene in its mixture with a given diluent as indicated by the disappearance of the last visible traces of crystallinity upon slow heating. Each mixture was diluted to an extent that the volume fraction of diluent approximated unity. This permitted the use of a simplified form of the Flory equation. The data obtained from the study of thirty diluents were utilized in an attempt to correlate diluent structure with solvency. Generally, the various types of hydrocarbon diluents can be rated in the following order of increasing solvency: aromatic, alkylaromatic, aliphatic, alicyclic. In addition, it was demonstrated that the value of B for a given diluent can be reliably estimated as a function of a new parameter which is calculated from the diluent structure, density, and an estimated value of the ionization energy. This new parameter also correlates well with the solubility parameter δT.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 59 (1962), S. 357-378 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Oriented films of 4-O-methylglucuronoxylan from several sources were prepared by hot stretching acetyl derivatives. The resulting oriented samples could be converted to crystalline xylans without destroying the orientation. Infrared spectra of the oriented samples were recorded using polarized radiation. Band assignments were made on the basis of empirically known group frequencies, the spectra of the deuterated analogs (OH → OD), and comparison with the spectra of small molecule model compounds. The dichroic ratios observed for the carbon hydrogen modes in the polarized spectrum along with the observed 15 A. fiber repeat of crystalline xylan “hydrate” are interpreted in terms of a threefold screw polymer conformation. Finally, by comparison of the polarized spectrum of an oriented hardwood xylan with that derived from a radial section of hardwood it was deduced that the xylan is oriented in the fiber direction in the tree.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 62 (1962), S. S62 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 62 (1962), S. 153-157 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effect of solvents on the molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile obtained by anionic polymerization with butyllithium was investigated. The molecular weight was found to decrease with increase in the dielectric constant of the solvents or their solvating power in the following order: petroleum ether « dimethylaniline 〉 diethyl ether 〉 tetrahydrofuran 〉 dimethylformamide. The termination step of the polymerization is by chain transfer to monomer. The rate of propagation increases with increase in the dielectric constant, and the decrease in molecular weight seems to be due to a greater increase in the rate of termination. This lowering in molecular weight in anionic polymerization with increase in the dielectric constant is contrary to what is generally known in cationic polymerization, where, due to termination by the gegenion, the molecular weight increases.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 62 (1962), S. S5 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 58 (1962), S. 1363-1375 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Anionic polymerization of adequate vinyl monomers in polar solvents leads to “living” polymers fitted with carbanionic end groups. Various compounds of electrophilic character may react on these endgroups, yielding polymers which bear acid, alcohol or amine functions at chain ends. If the deactivating reagent is bifunctional and is reacted with dicarbanionic polymer a sort of secondary polycondensation reaction takes place, and one can observe a good increase of the molecular weight of the polymer. This shows that carbanionic reactions may be almost quantitative. We have also reacted monocarbanionic “living” polymers on polymethyl methacrylate; in this way we have obtained graft copolymer samples of very high homogeneity. The molecular weight distribution of the copolymer depends mainly upon the molecular weight distribution of the initial PMMA sample.
    Notes: La polymérisation de monomères vinyliques par voie anionique en milieu tétrahydrofuranne conduit à des polymères ω-carbanioniques stables, mais susceptibles de donner des réactions avec diverses substances choisies pour leur électroaffinité. On peut ainsi obtenir à volonté des polymères possédant en bout de chaǐne des fonctions acide, alcool, amine, éthylénique, chlorure d'acide, cétone ou autres semblables. Ces réactions se font généralement avec des rendements élevés. Si on effectue des réactions du měme genre en utilisant des réactifs bifonctionnels et des polymères dicarbanioniques, il se produit une réaction de couplage multilatéral, une polycondensation secondaire pouvant conduire dans certains cas à des masses moléculaires très élevées, ce qui prouve le caractère quasi quantitatif de ces réactions de désactivation. En faisant réagir des polymères monocarbanioniques sur des substances macromoléculaires polyfonctionnelles adéquates, on obtient des polymères greffés, avec des rendements et des taux de greffage variables selon les conditions de la réaction et selon la longueur de la chaine du greffon. Les copolymères greffés ainsi obtenus sont très homogènes en composition et leur polydispersité en masse se ramène essentiellement à celle du polymère-support de départ.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 61 (1962), S. S60 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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